How cat lands: insights into contribution of the forelimbs and hindlimbs to attenuating impact force

To safely land after different drops, cats can perfectly use their limbs as dampers to dissipate impact forces. Yet, we know little about the contribution of the forelimbs and hindlimbs of cats to attenuating the impact forces during landing. In order to investigate this, we analyzed the landing impulses and energy absorption based on the ground reaction forces and high-speed video recordings of cats performing self-initiated jump downs at different heights. Our results show that the distribution of impact forces between forelimbs and hindlimbs exhibits a landing height-dependent manner. Furthermore, combining the experimental measurements and the inverted pendu- lum-spring model, we find that variation in landing angle is correlated with the distribution manner. This posture- dependent actuation allows the animal to tune the distri- bution of energy absorption between forelimbs and hind- limbs. These findings highlight how cats perfectly jump down using their limbs, providing fundamental insights into the importance of control mechanisms that attenuate landing impulses safely and efficiently.     

A low order nonconforming anisotropic finite element approximation to parabolic problem

A low order nonconforming finite element is applied to the parabolic problem with anisotropic meshes. Both the semidiscrete and fully discrete forms are studied. Some superclose properties and superconvergence are obtained through some novel approaches and techniques. This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 10671184.     

耦合映象格子系统中的刚性同步

提出了一个新的反馈项，实现了两个耦合映象格子系统的时空混沌同步。讨论了这同步的特点，指出这种同步是刚性同步，并给出模拟结果。     

酵母细胞膜透性变化对发酵油莎豆粕制乙醇的影响

研究发现,通过在发酵培养基中添加0.8mmol/L棕榈酸可将燃料乙醇产量提高12.7%.生长在培养基中分别添加棕榈酸、亚油酸和不添加任何脂肪酸的菌体经过18%(v/v)乙醇冲击7h,酵母存活率分别为39%、5%和0%.生长于不同脂肪酸条件下酵母的细胞膜富含各自所添加的脂肪酸.菌体生长曲线表明在稳定期,生长于添加棕榈酸条件下的菌体的细胞浓度最大.菌体膜透性由大到小排列顺序为:不添加脂肪酸、添加亚油酸、添加棕榈酸;这与菌体乙醇耐性由弱到强的顺序完全一致,这说明菌体乙醇耐性的提高与细胞膜透性维持较低水平存在密切联系.从乙醇生成动力学模型参数分析可知:随着菌体乙醇耐性的增强,细胞的生长速率和细胞浓度对产物生成速率的贡献也在逐渐加强,这说明在发酵培养基中添加棕榈酸对于缩短发酵周期是有可能的.     

含CO体系在载铜吸附剂上吸附动态性能(2)--数学模型化研究

建立了合适的吸附动态模型,用于描述含CO体系在载铜吸附剂上的吸附特性,利用单组分实验数据的模型参数能够对多组分动态透过曲线进行很好的预测,不仅可减少实验工作量,而且对本体系吸附过程的工业放大设计具有指导意义,也为其它吸附过程数模的开发提供借鉴作用.     

网络社会对高中学生价值观的消极影响及其对策

在网络社会的影响下,高中学生的生活方式和思想观念发生了重大变化。虽然网络丰富了高中学生价值观的内容,但是高中学生在价值取向上却陷入了困境。我们应该立足网络社会的现实情况,正确看待其消极影响,总结更好的方式以促进高中学生健康成长。     

亚甲基双膦酸四异丙基酯CH2[P（O）（iPrO）2]2催化合成晶体[Zn（2,2-′bipy）3]2Cl4·H2O

在亚甲基双膦酸四异丙基酯CH2[P（O）（iPrO）2]2的催化作用下,合成一种新的配合物[Zn（2,2-′bipy）3]2Cl4.H2O,并用红外光谱和X-ray单晶衍射进行了测试与表征.在反应中CH2[P（O）（iPrO）2]2并未参加配位,但却起到了催化、诱导的作用.     

Orlicz序列空间的全连续性质

本文给出了Ｏｒｌｉｃｚ序列空间具有全连续性质ＣＣＰ的充分必要条件。结果显示在Ｏｒｌｉｃｚ序列空间中，ＲＮＰ、ＰＣＰ、ＣＰＣＰ性质与ＣＣＰ性质等价。     

A Heuristic Algorithm for Multicast Routing with Delay and Bandwidth Constrains

An improved heuristic algorithm is developed which can optimize the mu lticast routing under the condition that both delay and bandwidth are constraine d. Performance analysis and computer simulation show that the routing mechanism can successfully solve the QoS problem in the case of many-to-many cast sessio n. The scheme can make the cost of routing tree optimized and the bandwidth and en d-to-end delay guaranteed. Because complexity of algorithm is limited, it is suitable to deal with networks of large size.     

论马克思的供求理论--兼评西方经济学的供求学说

马克思在创建劳动价值学说过程中，从多角度研究了供求关系问题，他不仅给供给和需求下了全面准确的定义，充分肯定了论述了供求对价格的调节作用，而且深刻地提示了供给和需求的本质，马克思的供求理论是他的劳动价值学说的重要组成部分，丰富和完善了科学劳动价值学说，给我们建立和完善社会主义市场经济体制以许多重要启示。