用表面裂纹法研究表面强化层的疲劳裂纹扩展抗力

本文采用表面裂纹法研究了碳氮共渗、氮化及滚压强化层的疲劳裂纹扩展抗力。与常规的紧凑拉伸试验法相比，前者能灵敏地反映出表面强化层组织及性能的影响，后者却难于实现。试验证实碳氮共渗层中由于残留奥氏体应变诱发马氏体，导致疲劳裂纹扩展抗力提高；滚压强化及渗氮均能提高表面压应力，也使疲劳裂纹扩展抗力明显提高。     

含未知参数的多分量Chirp信号的分数阶傅里叶分析

目的 提出基于分数阶傅里叶变换（ＦＲＦＴ）的含未知参数的多分量Ｃｈｉｒｐ信号的检测和参数估计方法。方法 由分数阶傅里叶变换的Ｃｈｉｒｐ基分解特性及其与时频分布的关系论证多分量Ｃｈｉｒｐ信号的分数阶傅里叶分析方法,并通过计算机模拟验证方法的有效性。结果与结论 和联合的Ｗｉｇｎｅｒ－Ｖｉｌｌｅ分布（ＷＶＤ）及Ｈｏｕｇｈ变换（ＨＴ）方法相比,基于ＦＲＦＴ的含未知参数的多分量Ｃｈｉｒｐ信号的分析方法,不用     

Treatment of PC-3 cells with ultrasound combined with microbubbles induces distinct alterations in the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax

The objective of the present study was to investigate whether ultrasound combined with microbubbles induces apoptotic cell death in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells and to identify the probable mechanism. We used ultrasound in continuous wave mode with a frequency of 21 kHz and a spatial-average temporal-average intensity of 46 mW/cm². Ultrasound combined with microbubbles (200 μL SonoVue?) was used to treat androgen-independent human prostate cancer PC-3 cells for 30 s. PC-3 cells were divided into three groups: the control group, the ultrasound group and the ultrasound combined with microbubbles group. Immediately after treatment, trypan blue exclusion was used to assess cell viability. Cell apoptosis at 24 h after treatment was measured using transmission electron microscopy and flow cytometry. Western blotting was used to evaluate the expression of the apoptosis-related proteins, Bcl-2 and Bax. Ultrasound combined with microbubbles had a minimal effect on the viability of PC-3 cells and induced minimal levels of cell lysis. The level of apoptosis in PC-3 cells induced by this modality was significantly higher than in controls (12.77 ± 0.31% vs. 2.56 ± 0.22%, P<0.01). Treatment with ultrasound combined with microbubbles increased the expression of Bax, a pro-apoptotic protein, and decreased the expression of Bcl-2, an anti-apoptotic protein. It was concluded that ultrasound combined with microbubbles induces apoptotic cell death in human prostate cancer PC-3 cells through down-regulation of Bcl-2 and up-regulation of Bax.     

Szász-Durrmeyer算子在Orlicz空间中的加权逼近

在Orlicz空间LM中讨论了Szász-Durrmeyer算子的加权逼近,得到了逼近阶的Jackson型估计.     

深黄被孢霉Mortierella isabelina粉对小鼠LPO、SOD和免疫器官的影响

以昆明种小鼠为对象分别研究了深黄被孢霉粉对小鼠LPO、SOD、抗疲劳、耐缺氧等生理指标以及对脾脏、胸腺等免疫器官的影响。昆明种小鼠分组，分别灌服深黄被孢霉粉和等量生理盐水，每d1次，15d后测定各项生理指标。结果表明，试验组动物血清LPO含量比对照组下降0.8mmol/L,SOD含量升高187u/ml，抗疲劳时间延长62min，耐缺氧能力延长6min，胸腺指数增中1.7%，脾指数增加5.6%。结果显示深黄被孢霉粉具有拮抗自由基、延缓衰老、抗疲劳、耐缺氧、抵抗不良环境和增强免疫功能的作用。     

粉末ZnS样品的高压原位阻抗谱研究

采用高压力下的原位阻抗谱测量技术,研究了晶界对粉末ZnS电阻的影响.数据分析结果显示:在11 GPa处,ZnS粉末的电阻主要是由于晶界引起的.对于岩盐相的ZnS,其残余电阻也是来自于晶界的影响.在14 GPa处,阻抗谱由双半弧变成一个椭圆型半弧对应于ZnS粉末的高压相转变.     

Development of a middle and low latitude theoretical ionospheric model and an observation system data assimilation experiment

On the basis of previous work, we develop a middle and low latitude theoretical ionospheric model in this paper, named Theoretical Ionospheric Model of the Earth in the Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences （TIME-IGGCAS）. TIME-IGGCAS solves the equations of mass continuity, motion and energy of electron and ions self-consistently and uses an eccentric dipole field approximation to the Earth＇s magnetic field. We combine the Eulerian and Lagrangian approaches in the model and take account of the plasma ExB drift velocity. Calculation results reveal that the model is steady and credible and can reproduce most large-scale features of ionosphere. By using TIME-IGGCAS, we carried out an observation system data assimilation experiment. Assimilation results show that the ExB drift velocity can be accurately estimated by ingesting the observed foF2 and hmF2 into the model applying nonlinear least-square fit method. We suggest that this work is of great significance in the development of ionospheric data assimilation model to give better nowcast and forecast of ionosphere.     

多分类器组合的投票表决规则

为了提高多分类器组合的效果 ,提出了一种改进的投票表决规则 .每个分类器对每个模式类别的识别能力不尽相同 ,通过对大量样本的统计 ,获得有关每个分类器识别性能的先验知识 ,将其作为投票表决的依据 .投票表决时每个类设置不同的表决阈值 ,使组合效果得以改善 .这些阈值可以通过训练获得 .在数字识别系统中的实验结果表明 ,该方法使多分类器组合的识别率和置信度明显提高     

Design and fabrication of 1-D semiconductor nanomaterials for high-performance photovoltaics

To date, the cost-effective utilization of solar energy by photovoltaics for large-scale deployment remains challenging. Further cost minimization and efficiency maximization, through reduction of material consumption, simplification of device fabrication as well as optimization of device structure and geometry, are required. The usage of 1D nanomaterials is attractive due to the outstanding light coupling effect, the ease of fabrication, and integration with one-dimensional(1-D) semiconductor materials. The light absorption efficiency can be enhanced significantly, and the corresponding light-toelectricity conversion efficiency can be as high as their bulk counterparts. Also, the amount of active materials used can be reduced. This review summarizes the recent development of 1-D nanomaterials for photovoltaic applications, including the anti-reflection, the light absorption,the minority diffusion, and the semiconductor junction properties. With solid progress and prospect shown in the past 10 years, 1-D semiconductor nanomaterials are attractive and promising for the realization of high-efficiency and low-cost solar cells.     

聚丙烯腈/羟乙基纤维素共混体系溶液的流变性

探讨了聚丙烯腈/羟乙基纤维素(PAN/HEC)共混溶剂的选择及体系的相容性和流变性.结果表明,二甲基亚矾是PAN/HEC的较理想溶剂,而且它们在热力学上是不相容的.然而,由于体系粘度高,大分子链运动困难,因此在某些条件下相对稳定,显示了典型的非牛顿流体的特征.随着HEC/PAN共混比的增加,总固含量的提高,以及温度的降低,共混溶液的非牛顿指数降低,结构粘度指数上升,剪切弹性模量和最大松驰时间增加.