定北深井小井眼钻井技术研究

定北深井小井眼三开井段钻遇奥陶系、寒武系、前古生界,下部地层以石英砂岩居多,可钻性差。定8井实钻资料表明,三牙轮钻头、PDC钻头、巴拉斯钻头、单牙轮钻头与地层不匹配,天然金刚石钻头有望解决该问题。现场采用柔性钻具防斜,或PDC钻头吊打防斜,并加强井斜监测,能够有效控制井斜,还可以提高机械钻速。     

The codon CUG is read as serine in an asporogenic yeast Candida cylindracea

Deviations from the universal genetic code have been reported for several microorganisms. Termination codons are used for coding some amino acids in Paramecium, Mycoplasma or Tetrahymena, and in Escherichia coli, the UGA termination codon is used to code for selenocysteine. In mitochondria, the changes of sense codons to termination codons or to codons encoding other amino acids have also been reported. Here we report another example of divergence from the universal code, this time in a non-spore-forming yeast Candida cylindracea, in which the universal codon for leucine, CUG, is used to code for serine. This conclusion is based on the observations that: (1) the amino-acid composition and the partial amino-acid sequences of an extracellular lipase from this yeast agreed with those deduced from the complementary DNA if CUG was assumed to specify serine; and (2) serine, but not leucine, was incorporated into a polypeptide in a cell-free translation system from this yeast in the presence of a synthetic CUG oligomer.     

Mechanism of antigen-driven selection in germinal centres

The high affinity of antibodies produced during responses to T-cell-dependent antigens is associated with somatic mutation in the variable region of the immunoglobulin. Indirect evidence indicates that: (1) this arises by a process of hypermutation, acting selectively on rearranged immunoglobulin variable-region genes, which is activated in centroblasts within germinal centres; and (2) centrocytes, the progeny of centroblasts, undergo selection on the basis of their ability to receive a positive signal from antigen. We have now performed experiments analysing this selection process, and found that, on culture, centrocytes isolated from human tonsil kill themselves within a few hours by apoptosis. This is not a feature of other tonsillar B cells. Centrocytes can be prevented from entering apoptosis if they are activated both through their receptors for antigen and a surface glycoprotein recognized by CD40 antibodies.     

Effect of testosterone on the kinetics of the development of suppressor cells in adjuvant arthritis

Summary The induction of unresponsiveness to mycobacterial adjuvant took a longer time in male DA rats than in female rats. A shift in the induction time of unresponsiveness in males toward the female type was brought about by castration, but could be reverted to the male type by the application of testosterone. The transfer study revealed that cells capable of preventing arthritis required a longer incubation time for their development in males than in females. This suggests that testosterone inhibits the development of suppressor cells in adjuvant arthritis.Acknowledgments. We are grateful to The Naito Foundation Research Grant for 1983.     

Enhanced expression of Epstein-Barr virus early antigens by antitubulin agents in a latently infected human lymphoblastoid cell line

28 anticancer agents have been surveyed for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) activating potency. Two vinca alkaloids with antitubulin activity, vinblastine (VLB) and vincristine (VCR), enhanced the expression of EBV early antigens (EA) in a latently infected human lymphoblastoid cell line (Raji), when used in combination with n-butyrate. Other antitubulin agents, colchicine, colcemid, and podophyllotoxin, had the same effect, although their effects were less than that of the potent tumor promoter, 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA).     

EQ6100汽油机活塞销偏置的研究

本文从理论上分析了发动机活塞销偏置的目的,提出将EQ6100汽油机活塞销由原来向主推力面偏置改为向次推力面偏置。实验结果表明,活塞销改为向次推力面偏置后,发动机的经济性及动力性均得到了改善。     

服装企业CI战略竞争

在当前的服装市场中，企业之间的竞争除了技术竞争外，主要就是形象竞争。本文就服装企业的CI战略竞争进行论述，为服装企业导入CI提供参考。