氮素形态配比对镉污染下小白菜生长及碳氮积累的影响

以小白菜为材料,设置4个镉(Cd)浓度水平以及3个氮素形态配比,分析镉-氮相互作用对小白菜生长及碳氮代谢相关指标的影响,结果表明:Cd的物质的量浓度为5μmol·L~(-1)时,对小白菜地上部分鲜重、总氮含量影响不显著;当Cd的物质的量浓度为50、100μmol·L~(-1)时,小白菜鲜重和总氮含量显著降低.无论是否添加Cd,硝铵比3/7处理的小白菜鲜重显著低于硝铵比10/0(全硝)和硝铵比7/3处理;100μmol L~(-1)Cd处理时小白菜地上硝酸盐的含量显著低于对照组,其余处理与对照差异不显著;不同Cd浓度处理均降低了小白菜的游离氨基酸含量,提高了其可溶性蛋白质含量.相对于全硝处理,以硝铵比7/3为氮源可提高50μmol·L~(-1)Cd处理时小白菜的总氮含量、游离氨基酸含量及100μmol·L~(-1)Cd处理的小白菜地上部分硝态氮含量.当以全硝及硝铵比7/3为氮源时,小白菜地上部分总碳含量随Cd浓度的增加而增加,而可溶性糖含量仅在100μmol·L~(-1)Cd处理时显著高于无镉对照组.小白菜地上部分总Cd含量随Cd处理浓度的增加而增加,但在全硝和硝铵比7/3处理间差异不显著.综上,不同硝铵比影响镉胁迫下小白菜的生长和碳氮积累,适宜硝铵配比有助于提高小白菜对镉的耐受性.     

何作霖先生最早发现莱芜铁矿是接触变质矿床——读《山东博山莱芜间地质矿产》有感

1949年8月,何作霖受山东省政府工矿部的邀请,在博山莱芜间进行地质调查,查明莱芜有三处铁矿。尤其是莱芜矿山地区的接触变质磁铁矿的发现,为以后寻找和勘探莱芜铁矿提供了可靠线索及依据。同时何作霖还预测了莱芜与吐丝口间煤田的存在。     

Ground demonstration system based on in-orbit assembly oriented manipulator flexible force control

To eliminate the load weight limit of carrier rockets and reduce the burden on support struc-tures,in-orbit assembly is a key technology to make design of scattering a large diameter telescope into submirror modules, which requires smooth operation of assembly robots, and flexible force con-trol technology is necessary.A ground demonstration system is presented for in-orbit assembly focu-sing on flexible force control.A six-dimensional force/torque sensor and its data acquisition system are used to compensate for gravity.For translation and rotation, an algorithm for flexible control is proposed.A ground transportation demonstration verifies accuracy and smoothness of flexible force control, and the transportation and assembly task is completed automatically.The proposed system is suitable for the development of in-orbit assembly robots.     

基于数值积分与功率损耗测试的冷轧电机功率模型

为提高冷轧电机功率的计算精度,提出了一种新型的电机功率在线计算模型,模型中将电机功率分为轧制功率和机械功率损耗.其中,轧制功率采用基于简易有限元的数值积分方法计算获得,而电机机械功率损耗采用实验测试回归方法获得.基于本文设计的测试方案和模型结构,通过对某1 450 mm五机架冷连轧机组的现场测试,回归得到了功率损耗模型中的系数,并将其应用到了该机组中.现场实际应用表明该电机功率模型的计算偏差可控制在±5%以内,证明该模型具有较高的计算精度,符合现场控制要求,具有广泛的应用前景.     

霍林河水库渗漏探测试验研究

高密度电法是常用的物探方法,在水库大坝探测方面也经常用到.文中介绍了高密度电法的原理和反演分析方法,采用高密度电法对霍林河水库大坝渗漏情况进行了探测试验,采用"单极-单极"阵列方式分别对大坝的4个断面进行了渗漏探测试验,并结合实测资料分析大坝渗漏原因.试验结果表明:高密度电法有效地探测了霍林河水库大坝渗漏情况,检验了防渗处理的效果,为大坝防渗加固提供了依据,也进一步验证了高密度电法在水库渗漏探测中具有较好的效果.     

High-performance flexural fatigue of carbon nanotube yarns

Carbon nanotube yarns （CNTY） possess good specific strength and specific conductivity. As such, their potential for commercial applications is significant. Fatigue performance is a significant consideration in yarn/wire applications. In this study, the flexural fatigue performance of CNTY spun from super-aligned carbon nanotube arrays was investigated using a reversed bending test. The results showed that CNTY exhibited excellent resistance to pure flexural fatigue, significantly outperforming stainless steel wire; CNTY failed where a combination of flexural fatigue and tension-tension fatigue had special hollow fracture morphology, and CNTY resistance remained fundamentally unchanged in the combination fatigue process.     

西藏农村人力资本投资困境分析

农村人口综合素质整体不高,日益成为西藏农村反贫困和可持续发展的重要制约因素之一,加大人力资本投资日益迫切.文章提出没有基于本地化的农村办学思路,师资队伍整体落后与教育质量不高长期并存,教育投资观念偏差根深蒂固,基层卫生服务能力薄弱及健康知识普及严重不足等是当前西藏农村人力资本投资存在的诸多困境,并指出尽快优化教育发展结构、突出师资队伍建设、加强成人培训力度、关注妇女儿童健康是提高农村人口发展能力的重要途径.     

Development of liquid-nitrogen-cooling friction stir spot welding for AZ31 magnesium alloy joints

A liquid-nitrogen-cooling friction stir spot welding (C-FSSW) technology was developed for welding AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets. The liquid-nitrogen cooling degraded the deformability of the welded materials such that the width of interfacial cracks increased with increasing cooling time. The grain size of the stirred zone (SZ) and the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of the C-FSSW-welded joints decreased, whereas that of the thermomechanically affected zone (TMAZ) increased with increasing cooling time. The maximum tensile shear load of the C-FSSW-welded joints welded with a cooling time of 5 or 7 s was larger than that of the friction stir spot welding (FSSW)-welded joint, and the tensile shear load decreased with increasing cooling time. The microhardness of the C-FSSW-welded joints was greater than that of the FSSW-welded joint. Moreover, the microhardness of the SZ and the HAZ of the C-FSSW-welded joints increased, whereas that of the TMAZ decreased, with increasing cooling time.     

The influence of home environmental factors and life style on children＇s respiratory health in Xi＇an

To assess associations between home indoor air environments and asthma,allergies and pneumonia,children aged 1–8 years were surveyed from 12 kindergartens in the city of Xi’an.2,020 questionnaires were responded with a response rate of 83.5%.The prevalences of doctor diagnosed asthma,hay fever,and pneumonia were 2.9%,3.6%,and 28.3%,respectively.Living close to a highway was a risk factor for current rhinitis(AOR 1.5,95%CI 1.2–1.8),eczema(AOR 1.7,95%CI 1.2–2.5),and diagnosed pneumonia(AOR 1.3,95%CI 1.0–1.6).Dampness problems in the home were associated with 50%–130%increases in the prevalences of asthma and allergy.Airing bed linen under sun-shine was protective,especially against rhinitis.Pet avoidance was consistently and significantly associated with asthma and allergy(AOR 1.3–2.4).Decoration of the home during children’s early life is a risk factor for current rhinitis(AOR 1.9,95%CI 1.3–2.9)and eczema(AOR 1.9,95%CI1.1–3.6).Risk factors for pneumonia were living in an apartment(AOR 1.4,95%CI 1.1–1.8),latex wall paint(AOR 1.3,95%CI 1.0–1.7),dampness(AOR 1.4–1.5),breast feeding\3 months(AOR 1.3,95%CI 1.0–1.7),never airing bed linen in sunshine(AOR 1.3,95%CI1.3–1.6),and cleaning children’s room less frequently than once per day(AOR 1.4,95%CI 1.1–1.7).This study demonstrates that home indoor environmental and life style factors may influence the health of children in Xi’an.     

苯并[1，2-b：4，5-b’]二噻吩-thieno[3，4-易]thiadiazole导电性的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论，在B3LYP／6—31G（d）水平下，对苯并[1，2-b：4，5-b’]二噻吩（BDT）-thieno[3，4-b]thiadiaz01e（TD）的低聚物和聚合物进行了理论计算．其中，BDT为电子供体，TD为电子受体，以1：2的方式结合形成化合物，并计算了二面角、分子内的电荷传输、桥键键长和中心键电荷密度．结果显示：随着聚合链增长，共轭程度增加．NICSs值显示：中心环比边环的共轭程度更大．聚合物的能带结构表明：该聚合物的带隙比较低（0．87eV），故其可以作为潜在的导电材料．