由General Chemistry的译名说起

本文提出我国化学教育中的两点失误原因,其中对General一词翻译有误,也导致了在化学教育中的不利影响,应该予以纠正,重新修订化学专业教学计划和课程设置方案,把化学教学改革推向前进.     

选育具有青霉素抗性的青霉素高产菌种

以青霉素产生菌87-55-21为出发菌株,筛选具有青霉素抗性的高产菌株,使用紫外线对孢子悬浮液照射110秒后,然后涂布在含有20000u/ml浓度青霉素的固体培养基上,分生孢子的死亡率为98.1%,处理后从176个菌落中筛选出87-58-6菌株,摇瓶发酵单位提高16.7%,87-58-5菌株投入生产后,平均发酵单位提高3.5%.     

镀银导电纤维的制备和性能

对短切聚酯纤维进行化学镀银,制备了用于导电高分子材料的导电填料,探讨了氨水浓度、装载量及稳定剂对纤维化学镀银的影响。实验表明,φ=0.10的氨水有利于化学镀银;通过调整装载量,可提高纤维的增重量率和硝酸银的利用率;稳定剂的加入可阻止镀液自分解,但对包覆层的均匀性和致密性有影响。电性能测试表明,镀银纤维的体积电阻率可达3.35×1-0 3Ω.cm,以其作为导电橡胶填料,当含量为w=0.40时,其电阻率为1.54×1-0 1Ω.cm。     

Incremental Web Usage Mining Based on Active Ant Colony Clustering

To alleviate the scalability problem caused by the increasing Web using and changing users＇ interests, this paper presents a novel Web Usage Mining algorithm-Incremental Web Usage Mining algorithm based on Active Ant Colony Clustering. Firstly, an active movement strategy about direction selection and speed, different with the positive strategy employed by other Ant Colony Clustering algorithms, is proposed to construct an Active Ant Colony Clustering algorithm, which avoid the idle and ＂flying over the plane＂ moving phenomenon, effectively improve the quality and speed of clustering on large dataset. Then a mechanism of decomposing clusters based on above methods is introduced to form new clusters when users＇ interests change. Empirical studies on a real Web dataset show the active ant colony clustering algorithm has better performance than the previous algorithms, and the incremental approach based on the proposed mechanism can efficiently implement incremental Web usage mining.     

贵阳建筑扬尘PM_(10)排放及环境影响的模拟研究

为了研究贵阳建筑扬尘的环境影响,根据对建筑和市政施工工程的调查,估算了贵阳市区2002年建筑扬尘的PM10排放量,并利用CALPUFF模型模拟了建筑扬尘对PM10浓度的贡献,分析了其季节变化及影响因素。结果表明,2002年贵阳城区建筑扬尘的PM10排放量为416t,占PM10排放总量的4%。建筑扬尘对贵阳市区较大范围内的PM10浓度水平均有影响,对整个城区PM10的年均浓度贡献接近12%。受施工强度以及风场和降水等气象因素作用,建筑扬尘排放的影响体现出明显的季节变化。     

混凝土强度无损检测方法精度对比分析

对回弹法、超声法、超声回弹综合法的优缺点和适用范围进行深入分析,并根据数据融合思想提出了一种超声回弹融合法.该方法采用回弹法和超声法两种方法检测,而后把两种方法的推定结果加权求和去推定强度.该估计量依据极大似然原理提出,并且理论证明了它的无偏性和有效性.结合试验数据表明,对四种方法分别选用国家规程中常用的回归模型来制定测强曲线,将各自相对误差绝对值进行对比分析,发现利用超声回弹融合法检测相对误差绝对值较小,在一定程度上提高了检测精度,但数据处理稍复杂一些,所以可以根据地区或工程实际需要选用不同的检测方法.     

地形特征匹配辅助导航方法研究

对传统的地形轮廓匹配辅助导航算法进行了如下改进：首先在景象匹配的基础上对飞行区域作出预测,其次利用实测高程度列和预测高程序列匹配,对飞行器进行实时定位和下一时刻的航迹预测;最后利用递堆和缩小匹配网格搜索范围等手段减少计算量。该方法提高了地形轮廓匹配的实时性和精度,增加了飞行器超低空飞行的可靠性和机动性。     

一种基于混沌迭代的加密算法

提出一种基于混沌迭代的加密算法，这种加密算法根据混沌迭代确定的位置将明文填入一个较大的密文空间。反之，利用混沌迭供的确定性，可以方便地从密文空间中取出密文单元，重新排列得到明文。     

Formation of substitutional metallofullerenes by laser ablation of externally doped fullerenes C60M x (M=Sm, Pt, Ni and Rh)

Photofragmentation study of metal fullerides C₆₀M _x (M = Sm, Pt, Ni and Rh) by excimer laser ablation-TOF mass spectrometry shows that metallofullerenes C_2n M and C_2n+1M formed in both the positive and negative ionic modes. The isotopic distributions of the metallofullerenes C_2n M and C_2n+1M are consistent with the calculated spectra based on the natural abundance of isotopes of C and M, confirming the formation of metallofullerenes. The metal atom is supposed to be incorporated into the network of the fullerene cage to replace one carbon atom of the cage forming substitutional metallofullerene. Odd-numbered high carbon clusters are observed in our laser ablation study of all the metal fullerides in the negative ion channel. Evolution of mass spectrum with irradiation laser shots shows that the formation of the substitutionally doped fullerenes is closely related to the production of metal carbide (MC). The structures, as well as formation mechanism, of metallofullerenes C_2n+1M and C_2n M with even and odd numbers of total atoms respectively are discussed based on the structural optimization of the odd-numbered high carbon clusters.     

利用三维有限元法计算爪极电机的磁场分布

爪极电机的设计是比较复杂的问题 ,因为其转子结构和磁场分布呈三维性 ;而爪极电机的磁场计算又是分析、设计爪极电机的基础 ,它对于爪极电机的参数计算、性能设计和采用永磁材料设计新型混合式爪极电机都具有十分重要地意义。文章阐述了用三维有限元法计算爪极电机磁场的一般性原理 ,通过三维场数值计算 ,对一台 3 5 A传统结构汽车用爪极发电机的磁场分布进行了计算和分析 ,并对该电机转子中引入永磁磁钢的改进型发电机进行了分析 ,其结果对于设计新型爪极电机具有一定的参考价值。