Negatively and positively charged bacterial aerosol concentration and diversity in natural environments

Bioaerosol charge information is of vital importance for their electrostatic collection. Here, electrostatic means and molecular tools were applied to studying bioaerosol charge dynamics. Positively or negatively charged bioaerosols were collected using an electrostatic sampler operated with a field strength of 1.1 kV cm 1 at a flow rate of 3 L min 1 for 40 min. Those with fewer or no charges bypassing the sampler were also collected using a filter at the downstream of the electrostatic sampler in one environment. The experiments were independently conducted three times in three different environments. The collected bacterial aerosols were cultured directly on agar plates at 26°C, and the colony forming units (CFU) were manually counted. In addition, the CFUs were washed off from the agar plates, and further subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) for culturable diversity analysis. The results revealed remarkable differences in positively and negatively charged culturable bacterial aerosol concentration and diversity among the studied environments. In the office environment, negatively charged culturable bacterial aerosols appeared to dominate (P = 0.0489), while in outdoor and hotel environments both polarities had similar concentration levels (P = 0.078, P = 0.88, respectively). DGGE patterns for positively charged culturable bacterial aerosols were shown strikingly different from those of negatively charged regardless of the sampling environments. In addition, for each of the environments positively charged culturable bacterial aerosols collected were found to have more band pattern similarity with those positively charged for respective regions of agar plates than those negatively charged, and vice versa. The information developed here is useful for developing efficient electrostatic sampling protocols for bioaerosols.     

助人自助：灾后社区社会服务的核心价值

助人自助是社会工作的核心价值观,指社会工作者利用专业理论和技能协助服务对象自我帮助.根据助人自助的价值观,社会工作者应该积极承担起参与灾后社区社会服务的责任,把服务有需要灾区民众作为首要职责,并在服务理念、策略和技巧等方面贯彻助人以达自助的价值观.     

论建筑企业施工安全管理

目前施工企业并没有把安全管理放到重要位置,只注重效益.然而没有安全就没有效益.文章论述了安全管理与施工企业的关系及重要性,旨在明确抓好安全管理,以引起同行的重视.     

High-Pressure Experimental Studies on Geo-Liquids Using Synchrotron Radiation at the Advanced Photon Source

We review recent progress in studying silicate, carbonate, and metallic liquids of geo-logical and geophysical importance at high pressure and temperature, using the large-volume high-pressure devices ...     

一种推导厄米多项式的递推关系的方法

文章利用厄米多项式的母函数以及Baker-Hausdorf公式,推导出以动量算符为参变量的厄米多项式的正规乘积形式,基于此形式很容易导出有关厄米多项式的一些关系式.     

赏乐杂谈

赏乐如读书，如赏诗、赏画，懂得熟赏、精赏才能体会赏乐之乐。     

施工期钢筋混凝土结构的安全分析与安全指标

随着近年建筑业的发展，施工期钢筋混凝土结构的安全问题备受社会关注。在施工过程中，对钢筋混凝土结构进行必要的安全分析显得尤为重要，安全分析应主要建立在以结构荷载、荷载效应和抗力以及合理计算的基础上。文章在建筑结构可靠性理论的基础上，研究并讨论了荷载、荷载效应及抗力的特点并进行必要的安全分析。     

山西省国际商务人才引进和培养研究

山西作为能源大省,一直是中国对外经济活动的活跃力量.但是,近年来,随着对外合作的加深,也体现出一些制约因素,最主要体现在缺乏精通国际商务的高素质人才.从制约人才引进和培养的角度出发,客观分析造成山西国际商务人才现状的原因,并提出相应的对策.     

区域FEEEP系统技术效应动态分解及收敛性

界定区域FEEEP系统技术效应的内涵,在Malmquist指数理论基础上构建区域FEEEP系统技术效应动态分解模型,并应用该模型测度2001～2006年中国省际FEEEP系统技术效应及相应分解指教的变动趋势,最后运用收敛模型检验FEEEP系统的技术扩散效应,结果表明:中国省际FEEEP系统综合技术效应的提高是由技术改进推动的;规模效率和纯技术效率的下降是区域FEEEP系统技术效率下降的主要原因;区域FEEEP系统技术效率和综合技术效应均存在β收敛,但各地区的原始条件决定了收敛的稳态水平.     

贵州省欠发达县域的评估及特征分析

应用模糊层次分析法,对贵州省2012年88个县域的经济社会发展水平进行评估,得出排序位次,并对照已经算出的2004~2011年逐年排序的结果划分出滞留在全省末尾的35个县域,划为欠发达县(即贫困县)。深入分析其经济特征、地理特征、自然资源禀赋潜在优势,为贵州扶贫开发工作提供参考依据。