结合工程实例就乳化沥青厂拌冷再生配合比设计探讨

冷再生配合比设计一直处于模糊的摸索阶段,对工程现场铣刨RAP材料进行了冷再生配合比设计,既利用土工基层配合比设计中最大干密度和最佳含水量的理念,也充分结合热沥青混合料的配合比设计中马歇尔空隙率、稳定度、劈裂强度等理念,确定了厂拌乳化沥青冷再生配合比。即RAP料占87%,石屑(0～5mm)占13%,水泥掺量为1.5%,最佳含水率7%,最佳沥青用量为2.5%。     

常见肝癌细胞系的转铁蛋白受体表达差异分析及主动靶向载体效率比较

转铁蛋白受体1(transferrin receptor 1,TfR1)可介导细胞内吞过程,从而摄取与之特异结合的纳米颗粒,因此成为许多主动靶向型纳米载体的靶点。研究表明,肝癌细胞存在TfR1高表达现象,可作为肿瘤治疗纳米药物递送系统的关键性靶点。体外评价是TfR1靶向纳米载体的重要研究环节,然而肝癌细胞模型种类繁多,其TfR1表达水平可能存在一定差异。选择了几种常见的肝癌细胞系,包括HepG2、Hep3B、MHCC97-H以及Huh-1,分别从mRNA水平以及蛋白水平测定了细胞系TfR1的表达情况,考察了转铁蛋白(Tf)以及转铁蛋白核酸适配体(transferrin nucleic acid aptamer, Tf-APT)对不同细胞的亲和效率。同时,制备了包载紫杉醇的TfR1靶向脂质体,并考察其对不同细胞系的细胞生长抑制作用。结果表明,4种肝癌细胞系在mRNA水平以及蛋白水平均存在TfR1的表达差异;同时,体外抗肿瘤结果显示,不同肝癌细胞系对紫杉醇-TfR1靶向脂质体的敏感性也存在显著不同。     

试论传统药曲制醋方法的改进

在大量调查的基础上,本文运用微生物发酵原理,深入探讨了传统药曲制醋方法的优劣,提出保留传统工艺中药物参与发酵的特点,但应科学组方,并采用纯菌种制药曲,甚至不通过制药曲直接让药物参与发酵制醋。此建议能提高传统发酵工艺的科学性,降低生产成本,缩短生产周期,提高食醋的产量和质量。     

基于物体关系描述的单目语义SLAM方法

外界环境的语义感知和自身位置的准确估计是移动机器人自主导航和作业的关键。提出了一种基于单目相机的语义SLAM(simultaneous localization and mapping)方法,在轨迹估计的同时完成三维目标检测。提取物体自身语义、尺寸、颜色分布及其邻域拓扑结构等多元信息作为描述子,实现帧间物体的准确关联。在后端对相机位姿、地图点和物体路标进行联合优化,并自适应调整代价函数中各误差项的权重系数,以提高各状态变量的估计精度和鲁棒性。实验结果表明,所提出的算法在地图构建方面具有较高的精度。     

基于HMM的多维数据下扶贫对象状态预测

针对扶贫领域中贫困、脱贫和返贫状态预测不准确,影响状态变迁的关键因素难以识别的问题,从扶贫基础数据和多个行业数据中提取8个关键特征和22个观测状态,构建观察状态和隐含状态关联关系,建立扶贫对象状态预测隐马尔可夫模型(hidden markov model,HMM)。以某深度贫困县连续3年的数据为样本,进行参数训练、测试实验和结果验证,结果表明该方法对返贫、贫困和脱贫状态有较强的预测能力,误差率较低,且能准确识别出影响返贫的关键要素。该方法对指导精准扶贫工作具有非常重要的实际意义。     

Analysis of the human protein interactome and comparison with yeast, worm and fly interaction datasets

We present the first analysis of the human proteome with regard to interactions between proteins. We also compare the human interactome with the available interaction datasets from yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), worm (Caenorhabditis elegans) and fly (Drosophila melanogaster). Of >70,000 binary interactions, only 42 were common to human, worm and fly, and only 16 were common to all four datasets. An additional 36 interactions were common to fly and worm but were not observed in humans, although a coimmunoprecipitation assay showed that 9 of the interactions do occur in humans. A re-examination of the connectivity of essential genes in yeast and humans indicated that the available data do not support the presumption that the number of interaction partners can accurately predict whether a gene is essential. Finally, we found that proteins encoded by genes mutated in inherited genetic disorders are likely to interact with proteins known to cause similar disorders, suggesting the existence of disease subnetworks. The human interaction map constructed from our analysis should facilitate an integrative systems biology approach to elucidating the cellular networks that contribute to health and disease states.     

Differentiated cells are more efficient than adult stem cells for cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer

Since the creation of Dolly via somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), more than a dozen species of mammals have been cloned using this technology. One hypothesis for the limited success of cloning via SCNT (1%-5%) is that the clones are likely to be derived from adult stem cells. Support for this hypothesis comes from the findings that the reproductive cloning efficiency for embryonic stem cells is five to ten times higher than that for somatic cells as donors and that cloned pups cannot be produced directly from cloned embryos derived from differentiated B and T cells or neuronal cells. The question remains as to whether SCNT-derived animal clones can be derived from truly differentiated somatic cells. We tested this hypothesis with mouse hematopoietic cells at different differentiation stages: hematopoietic stem cells, progenitor cells and granulocytes. We found that cloning efficiency increases over the differentiation hierarchy, and terminally differentiated postmitotic granulocytes yield cloned pups with the greatest cloning efficiency.     

Vitamin C improves the quality of somatic cell reprogramming

The reprogramming of somatic cells to a pluripotent state is prone to errors that could hamper the use of this technology. A new study now shows that vitamin C enhances the quality of somatic cell reprogramming in mice, highlighting the possibility that further manipulation of culture conditions could improve this technology for regenerative medicine.     

A genome-wide association study in Han Chinese identifies new susceptibility loci for ankylosing spondylitis

To identify susceptibility loci for ankylosing spondylitis, we performed a two-stage genome-wide association study in Han Chinese. In the discovery stage, we analyzed 1,356,350 autosomal SNPs in 1,837 individuals with ankylosing spondylitis and 4,231 controls; in the validation stage, we analyzed 30 suggestive SNPs in an additional 2,100 affected individuals and 3,496 controls. We identified two new susceptibility loci between EDIL3 and HAPLN1 at 5q14.3 (rs4552569; P = 8.77 × 10(-10)) and within ANO6 at 12q12 (rs17095830; P = 1.63 × 10(-8)). We also confirmed previously reported associations in Europeans within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region (top SNP, rs13202464; P < 5 × 10(-324)) and at 2p15 (rs10865331; P = 1.98 × 10(-8)). We show that rs13202464 within the MHC region mainly represents the risk effect of HLA-B*27 variants (including HLA-B*2704, HLA-B*2705 and HLA-B*2715) in Chinese. The two newly discovered loci implicate genes related to bone formation and cartilage development, suggesting their potential involvement in the etiology of ankylosing spondylitis.