2-甲氧基萘用作锂离子电池过充保护添加剂

在1mol／LLiPF6／EC＋EMC（体积比1：1）电解液中,用恒流充放电池测试系统测试了2-甲氧基萘对磷酸铁锂电池电化学性能的影响,结果表明添加剂对电池容量特性基本没有影响．过充实验结果则表明添加5％的2．甲氧基萘表现出最优的磷酸铁锂电池的耐过充性能．     

Emodin inhibits tumor cell migration through suppression of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-Cdc42/Rac1 pathway

Enhanced cell migration is one of the underlying mechanisms in cancer invasion and metastasis. Therefore, inhibition of cell migration is considered to be an effective strategy for prevention of cancer metastasis. We found that emodin (3-methyl-1,6,8-trihydroxyanthraquinone), an active component from the rhizome of Rheum palmatum, significantly inhibited epidermal growth factor (EGF)- induced migration in various human cancer cell lines. In the search for the underlying molecular mechanisms, we demonstrated that phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) serves as the molecular target for emodin. In addition, emodin markedly suppressed EGF-induced activation of Cdc42 and Rac1 and the corresponding cytoskeleton changes. Moreover, emodin, but not LY294002, was able to block cell migration in cells transfected with constitutively active (CA)-Cdc42 and CA-Rac1 by interference with the formation of Cdc42/Rac1 and the p21-activated kinase complex. Taken together, data from this study suggest that emodin inhibits human cancer cell migration by suppressing the PI3K-Cdc42/Rac1 signaling pathway.Received 7 February 2005; received after revision 11 March 2005; accepted 18 March 2005     

用非线性反馈控制混沌R(o)ssler系统到达任意目标

本文设计了识别不确定R(o)ssler系统未知参数的观测器,提出了控制R(o)ssler系统中混沌的非线性反馈控制策略.数值模拟结果表明:观测器可以有效地标识未知参数;选取不同的目标参数,既可以使R(o)ssler系统稳定在不同周期轨道上,也可以稳定在任意目标点上.     

用非线性反馈控制混沌Roessler系统到达任意目标

本文设计了识别不确定Roessler系统未知参数的观测器，提出了控制Roessler系统中混沌的非线性反馈控制策略。数值模拟结果表明：观测器可以有效地标识未知参数；选取不同的目标参数，既可以使Roessler系统稳定在不同周期轨道上，也可以稳定在任意目标点上。     

Retrospect and Prospect of the Influence Diagram

The evaluation algorithm and the application of the influence diagram were surveyed, which argues that to construct an explicit,compact and objective influence diagram is of the most importance. There are two suggested ways for realization of the influence diagram: introducing the achievements of the modern psychology, cognitive science, behavior science, and so on to represent and solve uncertainty to build a well-constructed influence diagram; based on the observed data to build an influence diagram. Also, the limitations of the influence diagram were analyzed, such as that it cannot deal with asynunetric problems efficiently, cannot picture dynamic problems,cannot model the problems with a limitless horizon, and ther is no highly efficient algorithm. And some potential methods to overcome these limitations were pointed out.     

微波辐射合成7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素

以浓硫酸为催化剂，采用微波辐射技术，由间苯二酚与乙酰乙酸乙酯缩合制备7－羟基－4－4甲基香豆素。结果表明，微波辐射合成7－羟基－4－4甲基香豆素的最以应条件为：间苯二酚5.5g，乙酰乙酸乙酯6.8ml，浓硫酸1.5ml，微波功率240W，微波辐射时间6min，产率84．1％，不采用微波辐射，反应时间大于10h，产率78％，红外光谱分析表明，7－羟基－4－4甲基香豆素的特征峰与7－羟基－4－甲基香豆素的各官能团的吸收峰吻合，测定7－羟基－4－甲基香豆素的熔点为189－192℃。     

上海65米射电望远镜

正上海65米射电望远镜是亚洲最大、全方位可转动的大型射电望远镜。该望远镜的建成,将促进我国射电天文观测与国际前沿的接轨,提升我国天文观测研究的国际地位,同时也将提升我国深空探测的定轨能力,为我国的嫦娥探月工程、火星探测,以及更遥远的深空探测提供精确定位和定轨的科技支撑。     

基于HMM的多维数据下扶贫对象状态预测

针对扶贫领域中贫困、脱贫和返贫状态预测不准确,影响状态变迁的关键因素难以识别的问题,从扶贫基础数据和多个行业数据中提取8个关键特征和22个观测状态,构建观察状态和隐含状态关联关系,建立扶贫对象状态预测隐马尔可夫模型(hidden markov model,HMM)。以某深度贫困县连续3年的数据为样本,进行参数训练、测试实验和结果验证,结果表明该方法对返贫、贫困和脱贫状态有较强的预测能力,误差率较低,且能准确识别出影响返贫的关键要素。该方法对指导精准扶贫工作具有非常重要的实际意义。     

Analysis of the human protein interactome and comparison with yeast, worm and fly interaction datasets

We present the first analysis of the human proteome with regard to interactions between proteins. We also compare the human interactome with the available interaction datasets from yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), worm (Caenorhabditis elegans) and fly (Drosophila melanogaster). Of >70,000 binary interactions, only 42 were common to human, worm and fly, and only 16 were common to all four datasets. An additional 36 interactions were common to fly and worm but were not observed in humans, although a coimmunoprecipitation assay showed that 9 of the interactions do occur in humans. A re-examination of the connectivity of essential genes in yeast and humans indicated that the available data do not support the presumption that the number of interaction partners can accurately predict whether a gene is essential. Finally, we found that proteins encoded by genes mutated in inherited genetic disorders are likely to interact with proteins known to cause similar disorders, suggesting the existence of disease subnetworks. The human interaction map constructed from our analysis should facilitate an integrative systems biology approach to elucidating the cellular networks that contribute to health and disease states.     

Differentiated cells are more efficient than adult stem cells for cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer

Since the creation of Dolly via somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), more than a dozen species of mammals have been cloned using this technology. One hypothesis for the limited success of cloning via SCNT (1%-5%) is that the clones are likely to be derived from adult stem cells. Support for this hypothesis comes from the findings that the reproductive cloning efficiency for embryonic stem cells is five to ten times higher than that for somatic cells as donors and that cloned pups cannot be produced directly from cloned embryos derived from differentiated B and T cells or neuronal cells. The question remains as to whether SCNT-derived animal clones can be derived from truly differentiated somatic cells. We tested this hypothesis with mouse hematopoietic cells at different differentiation stages: hematopoietic stem cells, progenitor cells and granulocytes. We found that cloning efficiency increases over the differentiation hierarchy, and terminally differentiated postmitotic granulocytes yield cloned pups with the greatest cloning efficiency.