自组装单分子膜防护效能研究

自组装单分子膜(SAMs)是一类自发形成的、有序致密的、薄膜体系,当今已受到科学界的广泛关注.在金属或非金属的腐蚀防护与表面修饰等方面体现出无限的研究价值.在归纳这一领域的研究成果基础上,结合国内外腐蚀防护及应用方面的最新进展,简括了自组装单分子膜的机能及组装过程,重点论述和总结了SAMs在特殊物体表面的最新应用情况以...     

油菜不同根肿病抗性材料的室内鉴定及相关生理分析

结合田间种植的根肿病抗性表现,以菌土法和在蘸根法对多个疑似具有抗性的材料进行室内鉴定,初步筛选出两种对根肿菌4号生理小种具有抗性的油菜材料Kc84-1和OG-13;用病情统计的方法将Kc84-1与目前已推广种植的抗性材料华双5R和易感材料R-197进行对照验证,并对三种材料进行抗性生理分析.结果表明:Kc84-1与华双5R具有相同水平的根肿病抗性;不同材料的防御酶超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性以及抗病相关物质丙二醛(MDA)含量的表现各不相同,两种抗性材料在较高感病等级下的防御酶SOD、POD、PAL活性显著高于感病材料,PPO活性和MDA含量在抗性材料和易感材料之间没有显著差异.通过水培法观测三种材料感病早期的根毛侵染水平,结果表明,易感材料R-197的根毛侵染率在侵染第6 d到第14 d显著高于抗性材料华双5R和Kc84-1.     

Temperature field analysis of two rotating and squeezing steel-rubber rollers

Rubber has strong nonlinear viscoelastic characteristic.Under effect of the periodically chan-ging external force, it will show the phenomenon of lagging deformation and mechanical loss, which means deformation lags behind stress changes and the situation of loss of work is caused by the hys-teresis.Loss of work will be transformed into thermal energy and makes the temperature of rubber and the object in contact with it rise, which will thereby affect the dynamic characteristics of the structure.Based on a pair of mutual rotating and squeezing steel-rubber rollers as the research ob-ject, the finite element simulation software Ansys is used in this paper to analyze the temperature field of the structure.As a result, temperature distribution characteristics of two directions are ob-tained.One is squeezing area along the direction of the wall, the other is along the direction of thickness of rubber.Then the influence of the rotating speed and the pressure between two rollers on temperature of rubber is analyzed.The temperature experiment of mutual squeezing contact steel-rubber roller is carried out on the experimental platform via using infrared thermal imager and infra-red thermometer.The experiment data are in accordance with the simulation results on regulation of temperature distribution as well as high degree of similarity on value, which shows the effectiveness of simulation.Research results are of great significance for temperature characteristic analysis of rub-ber structure.     

氯过氧化物酶与苯酚降解菌株的协同降解动力学研究

氯过氧化物酶(CPO)催化苯酚与H_2O_2发生过氧化反应生成邻苯二酚,能减轻苯酚对降解菌株的抑制作用,加快降解菌株对苯酚的生物降解.实验结果表明:在2 h内适量的H2O2存在时10 U/L的CPO可以使300 mg/L苯酚降解率达到67.85%,而CPO与降解菌株协同作用下苯酚降解率则可达到70.72%,比单一菌株降解率8.52%提高了62.2%.在降解体系中补充邻苯二酚进一步揭示了CPO氧化苯酚的中间产物有利于菌体细胞形成共基质效应,提高细胞的苯酚生物降解效率.降解动力学分析显示:在苯酚质量浓度为100~1 200 mg/L时,CPO与菌株协同降解体系的最大比降解速率qmax=0.000195 h-1,基质饱和常数Ks=1.0501 mg/L,基质抑制常数KI=5.1272 mg/L.     

Optimal redundancy allocation for reliability systems with imperfect switching

The problem of stochastically allocating redundant com- ponents to increase the system lifetime is an important topic of reliability. An optimal redundancy allocation is proposed, which maximizes the expected lifetime of a reliability system with sub- systems consisting of components in parallel. The constraints are minimizing the total resources and the sizes of subsystems. In this system, each switching is independent with each other and works with probability p. Two optimization problems are studied by an incremental algorithm and dynamic programming technique respectively. The incremental algorithm proposed could obtain an approximate optimal solution, and the dynamic programming method could generate the optimal solution,     

齐墩果酸衍生物与查耳酮的缀合物和α-葡萄糖苷酶的相互作用研究

采用荧光光谱法和分子对接法,研究了两种齐墩果酸衍生物与查耳酮的缀合物对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用及机理.首先,采用荧光光谱法研究了缀合物和α-葡萄糖苷酶的结合反应,并测定了结合常数及相关的热力学参数;然后使用sybyl 8.0软件研究了缀合物与α-葡萄糖苷酶的分子对接.结果表明:缀合物和α-葡萄糖苷酶的相互作用导致α-葡萄糖苷酶发生内源荧光淬灭,属于静态淬灭机制.缀合物1与α-葡萄糖苷酶在20℃和37℃下结合常数分别为42.91和75.42,结合位点均为0.53;缀合物2与α-葡萄糖苷酶在20℃和37℃下结合常数分别为59.88和92.87,结合位点分别为0.5和0.63.缀合物与α-葡萄糖苷酶的结合中氢键和范德华力起重要作用,缀合物能与α-葡萄糖苷酶活性位点结合,作用力主要依靠缀合物酯羰基上的氧原子与酶结构中氨基酸上的氢所形成氢键.     

高铬型钒钛磁铁矿烧结试验

在高铬型钒钛磁铁矿基础特性研究的基础上,进行了配矿优化和烧结杯试验,并对烧结产物进行显微分析.结果表明,该矿烧结基本特性差,随着配比的提高,垂直烧结速度和产品转鼓指数下降,成品率和利用系数先升后降.另外,显微结构分析表明,高铬型钒钛烧结矿矿物组成主要有磁铁矿、赤铁矿、钙钛矿、铁酸钙、硅酸二钙和玻璃质.随着该矿配比的提高,烧结矿中铁酸钙、硅酸二钙含量降低,钙钛矿及玻璃相含量增加,液相量不足.因此,在实际生产中,该矿配比宜控制在10%~20%之间.     

履带自张紧式主臂可变构型机器人机构原理与越障分析

研究一种主臂可变构型履带自张紧式救援机器人,针对履带张紧问题,应用椭圆形成原理,能够从理论上保证机器人构型变化时履带的形变量为0 mm,从而可以获得更好的履带张紧效果;通过引入摆臂三角轮机构丰富了构型变化,提高机器人的越障性能.对机器人攀爬台阶、斜坡及爬越沟道的运动机理进行分析,建立运动学模型.研究结果表明:机器人的实际越障性能与理论计算结果相符,具备良好的越障能力.     

薄板毛细渗透法测定粉体接触角和表面能成分

研究了用薄板毛细渗透技术测定氢氧化镁粉体表面改性前后的接触角和表面能的成分,基于不同探针液体的接触角获得的氢氧化镁固体表面能的成分彼此一致.由于改性氢氧化镁的表面能大大降低,致使除1溴代萘外的多种探针液体不能与其发生毛细渗透,即接触角>90°.依据1溴代萘的接触角可以求得改性氢氧化镁表面能的非极性成分,但要获得极性成分,尚需寻找表面张力更低的探针液体.     

Using Boiling for Treating Waste Activated Sludge

IntroductionSludge produced from treating domestic andindustrial wastewater normally requiresstabilization prior to its final disposal or use[1] .Treatment processes have been proposed either toenhance the efficiency of subsequent anaerobicstabilization a…