Estimation and prediction of black carbon emissions in Beijing City

Black carbon is a by-product of incomplete combustion of carbon containing fuels. It can alter atmospheric radiation property and make adverse impacts on human health. The energy consumption in Beijing City depends largely on coal burning. Recently, Beijing City has been performing the municipal energy structure adjustment as a tool for air pollution abatement, aiming at the air quality goal for the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. Based on Beijing energy use data in 2000, combined with emission factors of major sources of black carbon, the emission of black carbon in Beijing City is estimated to be 7.77 Gg. Coke, raw coal and biomass as non-commercial energy are the main contributors to municipal black carbon emissions. Based on Beijing energy planning in the year 2008, the emission of black carbon in 2008 will be 2.97 Gg if the contribution from biomass is not taken into account. Assuming that the black carbon emission from rural biomass in 2008 is the same as that in 2004, the biomass burning will be the largest emitter of black carbon to Beijing City in 2008.     

Ecosystem vulnerability of China under B2 climate scenario in the 21st century

This paper applies climate change scenarios in China based on the SRES assumptions with the help of RCMs projections by PRECIS （providing regional climates for impacts studies） system introduced to China from.the Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research at a high-resolution （50 kmx50 km） over China. This research focuses on B2 scenario of SRES. A biogeochemical model ＂Atmosphere Vegetation Integrated Model （AVIM2）＂ was applied to simulating ecosystem status in the 21st century. Then vulnerability of ecosystems was assessed based on a set of index of mainly net primary production （NPP） of vegetation. Results show that climate change would affect ecosystem of China severely and there would be a worse trend with the lapse of time. The regions where having vulnerable ecological background would have heavier impacts while some regions with better ecological background would also receive serious impacts. Extreme climate even would bring about worse impact on the ecosystems. Open shrub and desert steppe would be the two most affected types. When the extreme events happen, vulnerable ecosystem would extend to part of defoliate broad-leaved forest, woody grassland and evergreen conifer forest. Climate change would not always be negative. It could be of some benefit to cold region during the near-term. However, in view of mid-term to long-term negative impact on ecosystem vulnerability would be enormously.     

硅基完全集成DC/DC转换器中多层平面电感设计与建模

为提高完全集成低压低功率DC／DC转换器转换效率与输出电流能力，提出了一种多层混联螺旋电感结构．该结构基于标准0．5μm 2P3M CMOS工艺，将下面较薄的两层金属线圈多点并联，再与最上层金属线圈串联．多点并联结构有效地增加了等效金属层的厚度，串联结构增加了线圈之间的互感值，从而可以在不增加额外工艺成本的条件下显著提高平面电感的品质因数、单位面积电感值和电感线圈的电流承受能力．所提出的模型为完全集成DC／DC转换器的整体电路模拟分析提供了便利基础．基于0．5μm2P3MCMOS硅衬底工艺的模拟计算结果表明，在DC／DC转换器工作频段50～400MHz，取得了预期电感的设计效果，最大品质因数值达4．2，单位面积电感值达到83mH／m^2，可以承受的电流达90mA．电感芯片测试结果与模型模拟结果基本吻合．     

产结晶纤维素酶的嗜热菌鉴定及其酶学性质

从云南腾冲热海温泉采集的样品中,分离出一株产结晶纤维素酶的嗜热菌TC-1.该菌株呈杆状,革兰氏阴性,生理生化特征分析和16S rDNA序列同源性比对表明它属于亚栖热菌属Meiothermus.结晶纤维素、木聚糖和葡萄糖可以诱导该菌产生结晶纤维素酶,其中结晶纤维素诱导的酶活力最高.对其产生的结晶纤维素酶进行了初步纯化与酶学性质研究,该酶的最适反应温度为70℃,最适pH为6.0,在50℃～70℃和pH5.5～6.5之间酶活力相对稳定.     

山西省镁工业污染防治现状与对策研究

介绍了国内外镁工业的发展与污染现状，针对山西省镁工业发展与污染的现状以及污染防治中存在的问题，提出了污染防治的对策措施。     

法坐标系的性质及应用一例

论述了在Ｐｏｉｎｃａｒｅ规范场论中选用径向规范条件等价于选择法坐标系，证明了法坐标系中的局部活动标架沿着从原点开始的自平行线构成平行矢量场，给出了一般坐标与法坐标之间的变换关系，再利用这个关系在法坐标系中微扰计算了联络场的一重积分对量子Ｗｉｌｓｏｎ圈的贡献。     

多项式拟合的通用QBASIC程序及其在气相色谱分析中的应用

按照多项式拟合的数学方法，提供了QBASIC语言编写的通用求解程序，给出了程序设计思想和主要模块的流程图．举例说明程序在气相色谱分析中对转子流量计校正的应用．     

提高智能工频多功能电表精度的方法

针对多功能电表测量电压、电流、功率的要求，研究了提高精度的方法，并设计了相关电路。     

苹果香气成份GC分析样品制备方法的研究

通过对苹果香气成分的离析方法（顶空法、蒸馏法、萃取法等）进行对比性研究，确定改进的Ｌｉｋｅｎｓ＆Ｎｉｃｋｅｒｓｏｎ蒸馏萃取法适合于普通毛细管气相色谱仪的分析条件，是一种良好的方法