Extremely low-coverage sequencing and imputation increases power for genome-wide association studies

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have proven to be a powerful method to identify common genetic variants contributing to susceptibility to common diseases. Here, we show that extremely low-coverage sequencing (0.1-0.5×) captures almost as much of the common (>5%) and low-frequency (1-5%) variation across the genome as SNP arrays. As an empirical demonstration, we show that genome-wide SNP genotypes can be inferred at a mean r(2) of 0.71 using off-target data (0.24× average coverage) in a whole-exome study of 909 samples. Using both simulated and real exome-sequencing data sets, we show that association statistics obtained using extremely low-coverage sequencing data attain similar P values at known associated variants as data from genotyping arrays, without an excess of false positives. Within the context of reductions in sample preparation and sequencing costs, funds invested in extremely low-coverage sequencing can yield several times the effective sample size of GWAS based on SNP array data and a commensurate increase in statistical power.     

一种时变滑模平面的设计方法

在分析滑模平面设计的基础上,指出了按传统的方法设计的滑模平面的缺陷。为了克服此缺陷,根据矩阵分析理论提出了一种新的具有全局鲁棒性的时变滑模平面的设计方法,并给出了三种具体的滑模平面形式。通过理论分析和计算机仿真可以看出,基于该方法设计出滑模平面的变结构控制系统,能保证系统从任意的初始状态开始就处于设定的滑模平面上,对参数摄动和外部干扰具有很强的鲁棒性。用该方法设计出的时变滑模平面是传统的滑模平面的     

SPIS-DSS:一种基于Chord的分布式存储系统

为了避免传统分布式存储系统的单点失效和路由瓶颈问题,将P2P资源定位模型引入其底层路由过程,以一种基于DHT(distributed Hash table)技术的结构化P2P路由模型Chord为基础,设计了一种新的分布式存储原型系统SPIS-DSS.SPIS-DSS采用Chord的一种实现JavaChord,把网络中的所有节点组织成环形拓扑,并通过幂次逼近的资源定位机制分发和回收文件,能运行在任何具有Java虚拟机的平台上,具有良好的可移植性.测试结果表明,这是一种有效的分布式存储系统,具有很好的可扩展性、健壮性和实用价值.     

有机物分子量分布特点对BAF-O3-BAC净水工艺的评价

采用曝气生物滤池(BAF)、气浮和臭氧生物活性炭(BAC)联用技术对太湖原水进行试验.有机物分子量分布测定结果表明:曝气生物滤池单元对分子量小于0.5 kD(道尔顿)的有机物去除率最高,其次是分子量介于1～3 kD的有机物;气浮单元对分子量大于100 kD的有机物去除率最高;臭氧氧化单元对分子量大于3 kD的有机物去除率较高,而对于小于3 kD的有机物不但不能去除,反而有所增加;生物活性炭单元对分子量小于10 kD的有机物均能有效去除,分子量越小,去除率越高.综合评价认为:曝气生物滤池、气浮和臭氧生物活性炭联用技术处理微污染水源水的净水工艺是合理的.     

Efficient Static Compaction of Test Patterns Using Partial Maximum Satisfiability

Static compaction methods aim at finding unnecessary test patterns to reduce the size of the test set as a post-process of test generation.Techniques based on partial maximum satisfiability are often used to track many hard problems in various domains,including artificial intelligence,computational biology,data mining,and machine learning.We observe that part of the test patterns generated by the commercial Automatic Test Pattern Generation(ATPG) tool is redundant,and the relationship between test patterns and faults,as a significant information,can effectively induce the test patterns reduction process.Considering a test pattern can detect one or more faults,we map the problem of static test compaction to a partial maximum satisfiability problem.Experiments on ISCAS89,ISCAS85,and ITC99 benchmarks show that this approach can reduce the initial test set size generated by TetraMAX18 while maintaining fault coverage.     

防止西藏国有企业政策性寻租对策分析

由于特殊的地理环境与政治环境，西藏国有企业自生能力相对较弱，企业生产带有强制的外部经济性，因此政府给予企业政策性优惠与补贴是企业公平发展的需要。文章从西藏国有企业的领导人政策性寻租动机及诱因出发，分析了西藏现实的制度运行环境，从企业领导人的选拔、激励、绩效评价、合作剩余的归宿等多个方面研究了防止西藏国有企业领导人实施政策性寻租的对策措施。     

Guest Editorial： Special Issue on Parameterized Complexity

<正>Dedication.This Special Issue on Parameterized Complexity of Tsinghua Science and Technology is a tribute to the influential contributions of Jianer Chen to parameterized complexity algorithmics.It is an occasion to celebrate the many important contributions to this new and prospering branch of theoretical computer science made by Jianer Chen,as he reaches the ripe young age of 60.Happy birthday,Jianer,from     

粳型杂交稻寒优湘晴与武育粳3号苗期光合特性的比较

研究了粳型杂交稻与粳型品种的光合特性。结果表明：杂交稻的根系活跃吸收面积、叶片单位鲜重的光合以素含量明显优于粳型品种，它的PSⅠ还原能力、PSⅡ氧化能力和叶片的光合速率，以及对光能的吸收能力均高于非杂交稻，杂交稻类囊体膜中与光合放氧有关的相对分子量为16000－18000、22000－25000，多肽组分在量上也优于粳型品种，根据所得的实验结果，认为杂交稻在光合特性上表现出杂交优势。     

一种突发通信的IJF-OQPSK调制信号解调方法

提出了一种用于时分多址突发通信系统中的IJF-OQPSK调制信号解调方法.介绍了电路的组成及原理,分析了系统的性能.该方法具有电路结构简单、数据恢复快、相位抖动小的优点,对提高突发通信系统的效率有显著作用.实验结果表明在时分多址突发通信系统中,该方法具有很好的使用价值.     

一类本原图的Scrambling指数

文章主要研究了一类特殊的含有6个圈3个不同圈长的本原有向图的Scrambling指数,通过分析每一点经过t长途径可到达的点的集合,给出了此类图的Scrambling指数.