Atomic-scale segregation behavior of Sn/Ti and O at Σ3[11¯0](111) grain boundary in niobium

First-principle calculation was performed to illustrate the atomic arrangement and segregation behavior of Sn/Ti and O in View the MathML source grain boundary, and the interaction of oxygen interstitials with Sn/Ti atoms on the grain boundary was studied. The analyses on the segregation energies and geometric positions, and the electron densities show that Sn, Ti and O atoms segregate at the Σ3 grain boundary. And the preferred segregation sites of the impurities at View the MathML source were determined. When Sn segregates at grain boundary plane, the O atom prefers to the bulk-like site and shows no segregation tendency at grain boundary, whereas the segregated Ti atom can slightly enhance oxygen segregation at the grain boundary.     

Compact fiber-optic diode-laser sensor system for wide-dynamic-range relative humidity measurement

A compact fiber-optic diode-laser sensor system for measuring relative humidity is studied. In such a system, a distributed feedback laser lasing near 1877 nm is used as light source while a high-precision Pt resistance as temperature sensor, an accuracy of 0.1% relative-humidity can be achieved. The laser sensor system is able to lock to the absorption peak and calculate the density of water vapor without any additional reference measurements. Using programs built in to the microcontroller unit, the laser system can switch functions between direct measurement at high density and second-harmonic detection at low density. The system can switch between the two modes automatically and work in a wide dynamic range.     

纳米SnO2的制备及电化学性质

以无机盐为前体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了纳米SnO₂粉体.用TG-DTA,XRD,SEM等对SnO₂粉末进行了表征.结果表明,采用该法经500 ℃热处理得到的SnO₂超细粉具有良好的四方结构,粒径分布均匀,平均粒径在92 nm左右.将该法制得的SnO2超细粉作为锂离子电池负极材料,可逆容量高达687　mAh·g^-1,而且嵌脱锂电压低(0.2～0.5 V),是一种很有潜力的锂离子电池负极材料.     

考虑自动驾驶仪动态特性与攻击角约束的模糊自适应动态面末制导律

在大口径舰炮制导炮弹打击近岸机动目标的末制导段,考虑自动驾驶仪二阶动态特性与攻击角约束,基于模糊自适应逼近与动态面控制提出一种末制导律。构建二维弹目相对运动模型,运用扩张状态观测器估计目标加速度。为零化视线角的跟踪误差与视线角速率,采用自适应指数趋近律设计非奇异终端动态面滑模,设计模糊自适应系统逼近变结构项,削弱自动驾驶仪的控制指令抖振。通过Lyapunov第二法证明了闭环系统中视线角的跟踪误差与视线角速率均一致最终有界。仿真实验表明:该制导律使制导炮弹在打击具有不同加速度形式的目标时,均具备较好的末制导性能。     

基于启发式的多机器人SLAM地图融合方法研究

同步定位和地图构建（simultaneous localization and mapping,SLAM）是移动机器人在未知环境中完成地图构建和定位任务的关键技术。针对多机器人SLAM中的地图融合问题,提出一种启发式的搜索方法引导局部地图的重复区域进行地图融合。每个机器人可以在不了解其相对位置的情况下建立局部地图,并将局部地图信息发送至同一工作站中,以局部地图的相似性为判断指标融合得到最优的全局地图。在机器人实物平台上进行验证,结果证明了多机器人SLAM的地图融合算法的有效性和准确性。     

月见草籽中皂甙和甾体的提取

以月见草籽为原料,以乙醇-水做提取剂,采用溶剂浸取法提取月见草籽中的皂甙和甾体,通过化学法和光谱法对提取物进行定性分析,确定提取物为皂甙和甾体,同时研究了提取条件对提取率的影响.结果表明提取最佳条件是月见草籽和乙醇的质量比约为1∶8,乙醇体积分数95%,在回流温度下浸提8 h,该条件下的皂甙和甾体的提取率分别为0.405%和0.313%.     

基于嵌入式PLC芯片组开发PLC的方法

介绍利用嵌入式PLC芯片组开发PLC产品的方法.整个开发过程全部是自主开发,易学易用.     

Sedimentation processes and sedimentary characteristics of tidal bores along the north bank of the Qiantang Estuary

A tidal bore is a unique Earth surface process, characterized by its highly destructive energy, predictable periodicities and magni-tudes, and the production of characteristic sedimentary features. Tidal bores and associated rapid flood flows are highly turbulent flows of the upper-flow regime with a velocity over several meters per second. Reynolds (Re) and Froude (Fr) numbers, respectively, are larger than 104 and 1.0, making them significantly different from regular tidal flows but analogous to turbidity currents. Until now, understanding of tidal-bore depositional processes and products has been limited because of the difficulty and hazards involved with gauging tidal bores directly. The Qiantang bore is known as the largest breaking bore in the world. Field surveys were carried out in May 2010, along the north bank of the Qiantang Estuary to observe the occurrence of peak bores, including regular observations of current, water level and turbidity at the main channel. Several short cores were sampled on the intertidal flats to study the characteristic sedimentary features of tidal bores. Hydrodynamic and sedimentological studies show that the processes of sediment resuspension, transport and deposition are controlled primarily by the tidal bores, and the subsequent abruptly accelerated and decelerated flood flows, which only account for one tenth of each semidiurnal tidal cycle in the estuary. Tidal-bore deposits are generally poorly sorted because of rapid sedimentation after highly mixed suspension by intense turbulence. This behavior is characteristic of the absence of tractive-current depositional components in a C-M diagram. It also goes along with well-developed massive bedding, graded bedding, basal erosion structures, convolute bedding and dewatering structures. Together, these sedimentary features can constitute fingerprinting of turbidites, widely distributed in the deep-water environment. However, a tidal bore is triggered by intensely deformed tidal waves propagating into a shallow-water environment, which returns to regular tidal flows rapidly after the passage of the bore head. The tidal-bore deposits are usually bounded by the intertidal-flat deposits with typical tidal beddings at the top and on both flanks. The difference between tidal-bore deposits (TBD) and tidal sandy/muddy deposits (TSD/TMD) is evident not only in sedimentary structures, but also in the grain-size composition. They can be clearly distinguished in grain-size bivariate plots, typically the plot of mean grain size vs. standard deviation (or sorting). Some trend variations generally exist in mean grain size with TBD>TSD>TMD, sorting with TMD>TBD>TSD (larger value indicating poorer sorting), and both skewness and kurtosis with TSD>TBD>TMD. These findings will undoubtedly shed new light on our understanding of tidal-bore sedimentology, ancient tidal-bore sedimentary facies and environments, and related oil-and-gas field prospecting.     

汽轮机安全监视系统在300MW机组中的应用

以国产300MW机组为例,介绍了汽轮机安全监视系统的主要监测参数、基本组成、工作原理以及其静态调试和安装联动情况。     

国产干酵母活化方法的研究

本试验利用土豆汁、活化液、土豆汁加活化液对丹宝利和梅山两种国产干酵母分别进行了活化，并测定其发酵力。结果表明，对于丹宝利活化最佳工艺为利用活化液活化４５ｍｉｎ，对于梅山活化最佳工艺为利用５％土豆汁和活化液共同活化１５～３０ｍｉｎ，两种干酵母发酵力分别提高９０ｍｌ和１２１ｍｌ，这为国产干酵母替代进口干酵母提供了依据。