锚杆参数变化对边坡稳定性的影响的研究

通过建立某公路边坡模型,采用极限平衡方法,研究锚杆参数变化对边坡的影响。研究结果表明:(1)当锚杆布置方式不变时,锚杆长度的增加,边坡安全系数呈现先增大后基本稳定的趋势。(2)当锚杆长度与锚固力不变,随着锚杆倾角的增大,边坡安全系数呈现先增大后减小的趋势。(3)当锚杆长度不变,锚杆张拉力的增加,边坡安全系数呈现先增大后基本稳定的趋势。研究结果为类似边坡稳定的工程设计提供理论依据。     

空心阴极放电自脉冲现象的实验研究

研究了氩气中圆柱形空心阴极放电的自脉冲现象.测试了空心阴极放电不同阶段的伏安特性及自脉冲频率和电流脉冲上升沿随放电平均电流、气压和电路电容的变化;讨论了自脉冲的形成机理. 结果表明,自脉冲现象出现在空心阴极放电的负阻特性阶段,并具有稳定的频率.自脉冲频率随平均电流的增加而线性增大,气压和孔径的乘积pD值对频率的影响与其大小有关,但电极间的并联电容不影响脉冲频率;电流脉冲上升沿几乎与平均电流、气压或并联电容无关. 实验结果表明,自脉冲现象是空心阴极本身的一种特征放电过程.     

Characterization of a PDR type ABC transporter gene from wheat （Triticum aestivum L.）

DON, as a virulence factor, plays an important role in the infection of Fusarium graminearum in wheat. The infection ability of F. graminearum depends on its capacity of producing DON. The production of DON by F. graminearum is significantly decreased in the wheat varieties with scab resistance. In this study, GeneChip analysis indicated that an EST encoding an ATP-binding cassette （ABC） transporter was up-regulated by 45 times in a wheat landrace Wangshuibai, which is resistant to DON accumulation. A pair of EST-derived primers were designed based on the EST sequence, and a clone was then isolated from a wheat genomic DNA TAC library. The TAC clone was sequenced using chromosome walking and gene prediction was conducted using Softberry. A cDNA clone of this gene was subsequently isolated from Wangshuibai induced by DON using gene-specific primers designed according to the untranslated sequence of the gene. The genome size of the gene is 7377 bp, consisting of 19 exons with coding sequences of 4308 bp. It encodes a protein with 1435 amino acid residues and the calculated molecular weight is about 161 kD. BLAST analysis indicated that the gene may belong to pleiotropic drug resistance （PDR） sub-family, and hence designated as TaPDR1 （Triticum aestivum pleiotropic drug resistance）. TaPDR1 was located on chromosome 5A of wheat using nullisomic-tetrasomic lines of Chinese Spring. TaPDR1 was up-regulated by induction of both DON and F. graminearum. Expression patterns of TaPDR1 were different in wild-type Wangshuibai and the fast-neutron induced Wangshuibai mutant lacking FHB1, a major QTL of FHB resistance and DON resistance in chromosome arm 3BS. These results suggested that TaPDR1 might be a candidate gene responsible for DON accumulation resistance. The expression profile showed that TaPDR1 expression was neither induced by hormones typically involved in biotic stress, such as JA and SA, nor by abiotic stresses, such as heat, cold, wounding and NaCI. However, TaPDR1 expression was regulated by Al^3＋ and [Ca^2＋], indicating that [Ca^2＋]1 might mediate the signal of TaPDR1 expression.     

嵌入式语音识别中一种高效的图搜索算法

为了满足超大词表语法的识别任务在嵌入式语音识别系统上的应用,提出了一种高效的双层图搜索算法.该算法通过分离声学层和词法层来构建2层图搜索空间,其中声学层记录声学模型相关信息,词法层记录词表语法信息.利用这样简洁的搜索空间可以使语音识别的解码过程更加紧凑有效.在对比实验中,传统的基于前缀合并的状态树搜索算法的大词表嵌入式单词拼读系统作为基线系统.实验结果表明,与基线系统相比,所提出的双层图搜索算法在系统解码速度相对提高10%的情况下,系统的动态内存占用仅为基线的8%.通过使用所提出的双层图搜索算法,大大提高了大词表嵌入式单词拼读系统的效率,使其更适用于大多数嵌入式平台.     

具有轴向位移小垂度索非线性预测控制

基于非线性预测控制理论,提出了一种利用支承轴向位移对小垂度索振动主动控制的控制器进行设计的新方法,这种方法通过对预测值和期望值的正交二次局部误差的最小化来实现。通过数值仿真说明控制器的有效性。     

芳香醛与芳香酮及芳香胺的曼尼希反应

芳香醛、芳香酮与芳香胺在少量浓盐酸催化下于１０ ～２５ ℃直接发生曼尼希反应（ＭａｎｎｉｃｈＲｅａｃｔｉｏｎ） ,合成了４０ 个未见文献报道的曼尼希碱（Ｍａｎｎｉｃｈ Ｂａｓｅｓ） ,产率为１８．９ ％ ～９２ ．０ ％ ．考察了芳环上取代基、盐酸用量、反应温度和时间对反应的影响。     

金标银染技术在表达文库筛选中的应用

以胶体多标记钙调素作为探针再辅以银染法（金标银染技术）,自玉米ｃＣＮＡ表达文库中筛迁钙调素结合蛋白。该探针保持钙调素的活性,特异性地与钙调素结合蛋白相结合,在胶体金标记的基础上进行银染,灵敏度获得显著提高（达ｎｇ级）。应用这一方法对玉米ＣＮＤＡ表达文库进行筛选获得了一个与探针特异结合的阳性克隆。以生物素标记的钙调素对该克隆表达的融合蛋白进行结合实验,结果表明该克隆编码的蛋白为一个钙调素结合蛋白。本     

PCR-DGGE法分析温度对A2/O系统硝化菌群结构的影响

研究了温度对A²/O装置中硝化细菌群落结构的影响,旨在为工艺改进及优化调控提供依据.从A²/O装置的泥水混合液中采集微生物样品并提取微生物总DNA,使用特定引物对从总DNA中扩增出目标DNA片段,然后对扩增的DNA片段进行DGGE,并对凝胶进行染色和条带统计分析,通过聚类分析构建不同温度下硝化菌群间的相似性关系.结果表明,AOB菌在温度>25 ℃时,群落结构比较稳定,此时NH₄⁺-N去除率高达95%以上;Nitrobacter菌在温度>20 ℃时,群落结构则比较稳定,NH₄⁺-N去除率亦可达95%以上;Nitrospira群落结构发生变化较大,相比较而言,15～20 ℃时最稳定,NH₄⁺-N去除率在75%～95%之间.     

测量微球覆层厚度的X射线衍射法

对采用X射线衍射测量微球覆层厚度的方法进行研究,首先在建立微球X射线衍射数学模型的基础上,利用1组已知厚度和X射线衍射线积分强度的标样,用计算机模拟求解的方法,得到微球衍射线积分强度和覆层厚度的关系.然后,在相同条件下进行待测试样的X射线衍射实验,将其衍射线积分强度代入求解模型得到的结果中就能得到待测试样的覆层厚度.实验结果表明,X射线衍射法是可行的,具有快速、方便、非破坏、不接触等特点.     

An experimental study of tin partition between melt and aqueous fluid in F/Cl-coexisting magma

In order to investigate the formation mechanism of tin ores associated with F-bearing granite, an ex-perimental study of tin partition between F-bearing granitic melt and coexisting HCl-bearing aqueous fluid was conducted at 850℃ and 100MPa with fo2 approaching NNO. Geochemical behavior of tin was traced by changes in starting solid materials with different alumina saturation index ASI, in F content and in starting fluids of various HCl concentrations. The results show that DSn increases with ASI of melt and peraluminous melt is favorable for tin partition into aqueous fluid in the F/Cl-coexisting sys-tem. Aqueous fluid of higher HCl concentrations is advantageous for enrichment of tin. Furthermore, chlorine contents in glass run products correlate positively with F and Cl contents in the magma. In the F/Cl-coexisting system, granitic melts with high F contents (> ~1 wt%) could extract and enrich tin in the melt which can serve as a reservoir for the formation of tin ores. However, the partition coefficient of tin would increase significantly when F contents in the melt were below 1 wt%. Therefore, the de-crease of F contents is favorable to the partition of tin into aqueous fluid with high HCl contents, thus promoting deposition of hydrothermal tin ores.