基于YOLOv5s-FCS的钢材表面缺陷检测

针对传统钢材表面缺陷检测方法易出现误检、漏检和部分缺陷种类检测精度低等问题,本文设计了一种钢材表面缺陷网络YOLOv5s-FCS。首先本文引用了FReLU激活函数构建了卷积模块CBF,有效增强了网络的空间解析能力,优化了网络检测精度;其次,本文将坐标注意力机制嵌入到网络的neck部分来增强网络特征融合的能力,从而使网络能够提取更加丰富的特征信息;最后,将YOLOv5s的损失函数替换为SIoU loss,提高了预测框的回归精度。通过在NEU-DET数据集上进行消融实验、可视化对比实验,结果表明,YOLOv5s-FCS网络的mAP值达到了0.747,相较于原YOLOv5s网络提高了8.3%,相较于YOLOv3网络提高了11.8%,相较于YOLOXs网络提高了4.2%,相较于YOLOv6s提高了1.4%,验证了该方法的可行性、有效性。     

“三生空间”视角下乌鲁木齐市土地利用转型及生态环境效应分析

为探究如何优化乌鲁木齐市城镇化快速发展的资源配置方式,实现城市在“三生空间”视角下的可持续发展,本研究基于乌鲁木齐市1980—2020年（每10年一期,共5期）土地覆盖遥感影像数据,通过土地利用转移矩阵、生态环境质量指数、土地利用转型生态贡献率和InVEST模型估算生境质量等方法,定量分析了乌鲁木齐市土地利用功能转型及生态环境效应。结果表明：(1)乌鲁木齐市生态空间被持续压缩,生活空间持续增加,而生产空间则经历了先增加后减少的倒“V”型变化趋势。(2)乌鲁木齐市土地利用功能转型主要表现为草地生态空间与生产、生活空间之间的相互转化。(3)乌鲁木齐市生态环境质量指数持续下降,草地转变为其他生态空间是使乌鲁木齐市生态环境质量恶化的主要原因。(4)乌鲁木齐市的生境质量水平持续下降,草地、水域生态空间转化为其他生态空间是生境质量下降的主要原因。可见：土地利用转型会对生态环境质量产生巨大影响,研究结果可为乌鲁木齐市生态持续改善提供保障,同时还能为协调新疆土地资源的可持续利用和生态环境保护提供借鉴。     

基于拟单边Lipschitz条件的非线性系统自适应观测器设计

用拟单边Lipschitz条件代替通常的Lipschitz条件研究了一类非线性系统自适应观测器的设计方法.所得到的判据较已有文献的结果减少了保守性,并给出了仿真算例验证了所给方法的有效性.     

Attentional negativity bias moderated by positive mood arousal

Automatically allocation of more attention to negative stimuli is called emotional negativity bias. An event-related potentials (ERPs) experiment investigated whether or not this bias was altered by positive mood arousal. The results suggested that the attention bias towards negative stimuli was attenuated when positive information was accessible.     

一种新型的多址接入中继协作方案

现有多址中继协作方案的编码增益有限且用户之间不能相互辅助,为此,文中提出了一种结合网络与信道编码的多址中继协作方案:在中继端利用网络编码将不同用户的编码冗余同时转发,目的端通过对某个用户信息的正确译码恢复出其他用户的编码冗余.通过对译码错误事件概率的分析,推导了该方案的中断率与误码率近似值表达式.仿真结果表明,随着信噪比的提升,文中方案可获得比编码协作更好的中断率和误码率性能,同时信噪比较高的用户还可辅助提升信噪比较低的用户的性能.     

Cluster Synchronization in a Complex Dynamical Network with Two Nonidentical Clusters

This paper further investigates cluster synchronization in a complex dynamical network with two-cluster. Each cluster contains a number of identical dynamical systems, however, the subsystems composing the two clusters can be different, i.e., the individual dynamical system in one cluster can differ from that in the other cluster. Complete synchronization within each cluster is possible only if each node from one cluster receives the same input from nodes in other cluster. In this case, the stability condition of one-cluster synchronization is known to contain two terms： the first accounts for the contribution of the inner-cluster coupling structure while the second is simply an extra linear term, which can be deduced by the ＂same-input＂ condition. Applying the connection graph stability method, the authors obtain an upper bound of input strength for one cluster if the first account is known, by which the synchronizability of cluster can be scaled. For different clusters, there are different upper bound of input strength by virtue of different dynamics and the corresponding cluster structure. Moreover, two illustrative examples are presented and the numerical simulations coincide with the theoretical analysis.     

自治主体建模在海军战术仿真中的应用

多主体系统是分布人工智能和分布计算的交叉研究领域,也是普遍公认的研究和解决复杂自适应系统问题的一种有效途径,而武器装备体系对抗就是一类典型的复杂自适应系统问题.从分析实体模型层次和类型入手,利用作战主体刻画具有复杂作战行为的实体,提出一个作战主体模型框架,阐述作战单元、作战平台和装备的(装配或指挥控制)关联关系.     

Research on the self-defence electronic jamming decision-making based on the discrete dynamic Bayesian network

The manner and conditions of running the decision-making system with self-defense electronic jamming are given.After proposing the scenario of applying discrete dynamic Bayesian network to the decision making with self-defense electronic jamming,a decision-making model with self-defense electronic jamming based on the discrete dynamic Bayesian network is established.Then jamming decision inferences by the aid of the algorithm of discrete dynamic Bayesian network are carried on.The simulating result shows that this method is able to synthesize different targets which are not predominant.In this way,various features at the same time,as well as the same feature appearing at different time complement mutually;in addition,the accuracy and reliability of electronic jamming decision making are enhanced significantly.     

Delay-dependent state feedback robust stabilization for uncertain singular time-delay systems

The problem of robust stabilization for uncertain singular time-delay systems is studied.First,a new delay-dependent asymptotic stability criteria for normal singular time-delay systems is given,which is less conservative.Using this result,the problem of state feedback robust stabilization for uncertain singular time-delay systems is discussed.Finally,two examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the results.     

Optimal maintenance and replacement of extraction machinery

This paper considers a problem of optimal preventive maintenance and replacement schedule of equipment devoted to extracting resources from known deposits. Typical examples are oil drills, mine shovels, etc. At most one replacement of the existing machinery by a new one is allowed. The problem is formulated as an optimal control problem subject to the state constraint that the remaining deposit at any given time is nonnegative. We show that the optimal preventive maintenance, production rates, and the replacement and salvage times of the existing machinery and the new one, if required, can be obtained by solving sequentially a series of free-end-point optimal control problems. Moreover, an algorithm based on this result is developed and used to solve two illustrative examples.