北宋明州高丽使行馆

明州(即宁波)地处中国大陆东海之滨，航道四通八达，海外交通便利，是开展海外贸易较早的城市之一，和世界各国进行通商贸易已有一、二千年的历史．到了宋代，明州和世界各国(如：高丽、东南亚、阿拉伯等)的交往达到繁盛的阶段．特别是到了北宋时期，明州与高丽的交往有了显著的增加．北宋时，由于与高丽的交往日益频繁，高丽来明州的人日益增加，北宋政府为了接待高丽使者和商人，在明州兴建了“高丽使行馆”．为了了解北宋和高丽的交往情况，中韩两国历史学界和建筑学界提供了许多重要的线索，高丽使行馆作为两国交往的重要场所有很高的研究价值．本文尝试了解、研究有关高丽使行馆的情况．     

近红外光谱技术鉴别海面溢油

近红外光谱技术分析速度快、效率高、成本低、重现性好,典型的无损分析;主要用于样品类别鉴定和纯度检验.近红外光谱技术结合模式识别方法,在纯品油种类的鉴别中已得到成功应用[1,2],本实验室也初步建立了纯品油近红外谱图数据库[3],但该法在实际海面溢油样品的鉴别中应用仍甚少.     

线性搜索方法的改进

线性搜索是最优化计算中最普遍应用的方法，文中对Ｆｌｅｔｃｈｅｒ线性搜索方法作了改进，它具有减少梯度值计算次数的特点，并用数值结果表明了方法的有效性。     

关于微分方程组dU／dt=H·U的李代数解

求解线性微分方程组6UN，llH（z）．U（t），U（0）ll1的方法，已经由JamesWei和EdwardNorman给出(1)，他们的方法建立在李代数理论的基础之上。本文讨论解的结构。对于上述方程组，其中U是有限维空间中依赖于时间的线性算子，而H（＝6t（Ht、（z）＋．．．．．．、，！（r），！＋（z），如果Ht，Hz，…，，！。生成可解的李代数L，则它的解U（U＝explgt（r）HJexpk2（…”exp“（z）1可以表示为一个矩阵，其所有的元素都是g（illl，2，…，m）的初等函数，并且只出现指数函数与乘幂。最后用两个例子说明具体的解法。     

尾叶香茶菜中对映—贝壳杉烯型二萜

尾叶香茶菜中对映－贝壳杉烯型二萜王艳红１）陈耀祖２）孙汉董３）金东史４）（１）中山大学化学与化学工程学院，广州５１０２７５；２）浙江大学化学系；３）中国科学院昆明植物研究所植化室；４）朝鲜国家科学院植物研究所）关键词唇形科，香茶菜属，尾叶香茶菜，对...     

Analysis of carbon isotopes in airborne carbonate and implications for aeolian sources

Methods were developed to determine the mass ratios of carbon isotopes in trace amounts of aerosol carbonate. A Finnigan MAT 252 mass spectrometer fitted with an on-line Kiel device was to determine the ^13C/^12C ratio in CO2 produced from the carbonate. A study using these methods was conducted to characterize the carbonate carbon isotopes in aerosol samples collected in Xi‘an on dusty and normal days during March and April 2002. Results of the study demonstrate that insights into the origin of the dust can be deduced from its isotopic composition. That is, the δ^13C ofcarbonate for dust storm samples ranged from -1.4‰ to -4.2‰, and this is consistent with sandy materials in dust source regions upwind. In contrast, for non-dusty days δ^13C ranged from -7.5% to -9.3‰, which is more similar to fine particles emitted from local surface soils. Comparisons of dust storm aerosols with surface soils from source regions and with aerosol samples collected downwind indicate that the δ^13C values did not change appreciably during longrange transport. Therefore, carbon isotopes have the potential for distinguishing among source materials, and this approach provides a powerful new tool for identifying dust provenance.     

THE EFFECT OF ALUM AND METALS ON PAPER AGING

Books and archives experience aging which is affected by a variety of factors, such as microorganism, humidity, light and components of paper [1]. Thus, the studies concerning impacts of those factors on paper aging are required. In this paper, an accelerated paper aging was carried out to investigate the effects of acid and metals such as alum, copper ( Ⅱ ) sulfate, copper ( Ⅱ ) chloride, and iron (Ⅲ) chloride on paper aging. It was found that both acid and metals had impacts on paper aging. In particular, paper aging was far more accelerated in case that acid and metals were present in paper at the same time.     

Synthesis of the 3D porous carbon-manganese oxide (3D-C@MnO) nanocomposite and its supercapacitor behavior study

A 3D porous carbon-manganese oxide ([email protected]) nanocomposite is successfully synthesized via a thermal plasma deposition method. The chemical bonds and compositions, phase structures, surface morphologies, etc. of as-obtained [email protected] nanocomposite were characterized by the various equipment, such as X-ray diffractometer, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electron microscopes. The electrochemical performances of the [email protected] nanocomposite electrode showed a specific capacitance of 780 F g^?1 at a current density of 2 A g^?1 and a capacitance retention rate of 99% after 5000 charge-discharge cycles at a high current density of 10 A g^?1. These excellent capacitive performances may be attributed to the encapsulation of MnO nanoparticles by porous carbon sheets in the [email protected] MnO nanocomposite structure. It is believed that the carbon-encapsulated MnO nanoparticles can be protected from a volume deformation during the charge adsorption/desorption cycle and can be electrically improved by the encapsulated carbon sheets, resulting in better overall capacitive performance. In addition, this study also demonstrates the practical applicability by assembling a supercapacitor using the as-obtained [email protected] nanocomposite to glow a light emitting diode.