能量转换量子系统的热力学特性及其研究进展

量子物理是理解微观粒子运动规律的现代物理学理论.它与信息、生命以及化学等学科相互联系日益紧密,引发了许多新技术革命,深刻影响着人类的生活,已成为社会经济发展的原动力之一.当前,量子物理和能源科学结合,正在产生新的学科生长点.本文主要概述多种类型能量转换量子系统的发展;结合国内外的研究现状,系统地阐明如何应用热力学理论研究量子体系的能量操控以及微观器件的优化设计;总结量子热力学循环、能量选择量子电子器件、量子点热管理器件等在理论和实验方面研究的代表性成果和进展;展望量子物理与能源科学交叉领域发展的新方向.     

重加工具有退化与学习现象的单机批排序问题

本文对同一台机器下次品工件可重加工生产的问题进行研究。工件要求成批加工,每批包括连续加工的两个子批。第一子批的工件加工后,一部分工件是按照要求得到的优良品,另一部分工件是次品。次品的工件接着在第二子批重加工,而次品工件在等待重加工时会产生退化与学习现象,加工完成后得到的工件是优良品。同一子批的工件同时完工,工件的完工时间是该子批中最后一个工件的完工时间。假设每批生产的工件次品率是相同的。每一批工件开始加工和重加工时都有安装时间。目标函数是使总安装时间,重加工和库存持续费用最小,并且优良品工件的需求得到满足。对于该问题的一般情形给出了动态规划算法。接着当批工件的完工时间和批的规模满足一致关系,给出多项时间算法。
     

新旧《高新技术企业认定管理办法》对比及实施效果分析

针对旧《高新技术企业认定管理办法》及实施过程中出现的问题,2008年4月14日,我国正式颁布实施新管理办法。新《办法》的出台,进一步理清了高新技术企业认定条件,并对认定标准做出了详细说明。通过梳理新旧管理办法运行机制,阐述了新旧管理办法的区别,并对新《办法》实施效果进行深入分析。     

Isogeometric Analysis-Based Topological Optimization for Heterogeneous Parametric Porous Structures

Porous structures widely exist in nature and artifacts, which can be exploited to reduce structural weight and material usage or improve damage tolerance and energy absorption. In this study,the authors develop an approach to design optimized porous structures with Triply Periodic Minimal Surfaces(TPMSs) in the framework of isogeometric analysis(IGA)-based topological optimization.In the developed method, by controlling the density distribution, the designed porous structures can achieve the opt...     

某通用小型汽油机箱体有限元分析及结构优化

该文运用有限元法对某通用小型汽油机箱体进行了结构强度与刚度分析，结果表明右箱体主轴承位置最大变形量过大，刚度较差。为此对右箱体主轴承区域进行拓扑优化。优化方式为：增加右箱体主轴承处加强筋数量、增加壁面厚度以及在壁面上添加加强条。通过计算表明，该优化方式能使箱体的最大应力与应变大大下降，使其强度刚度有了较大提升，箱体的结构更趋合理。     

基于ARM9的嵌入式图像采集与显示系统设计

以嵌入式ARM9处理器S3C2440作为控制芯片,通过USB摄像头对图像进行采集,利用Video4Linux的编程接口编写QT图像显示程序,通过视频服务器MJPG-streamer对网络进行访问,实现了图像的采集和实时显示.所设计的系统实时性好、分辨率高、成本低、易扩展且升级快,可用于远程监控等领域.     

Aptamer and its applications in neurodegenerative diseases

Aptamers are small single-stranded DNA or RNA oligonucleotide fragments or small peptides, which can bind to targets by high affinity and specificity. Because aptamers are specific, non-immunogenic and non-toxic, they are ideal materials for clinical applications. Neurodegenerative disorders are ravaging the lives of patients. Even though the mechanism of these diseases is still elusive, they are mainly characterized by the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the central nervous system. So it is essential to develop potential measures to slow down or prevent the onset of these diseases. With the advancements of the technologies, aptamers have opened up new areas in this research field. Aptamers could bind with these related target proteins to interrupt their accumulation, subsequently blocking or preventing the process of neurodegenerative diseases. This review presents recent advances in the aptamer generation and its merits and limitations, with emphasis on its applications in neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, transmissible spongiform encephalopathy, Huntington’s disease and multiple sclerosis.     

基于双极化SAR数据的建筑栋数信息提取研究

通过分析建筑物在不同极化数据上后向散射特征的不同,提出一种基于双极化SAR数据的建筑栋数信息检测方法.该方法主要包括建筑初检测、联合HH与VV数据的检测结果修正以及使用面积阈值去除虚警3个主要部分.最后,在双极化TerraSAR—X图像上进行了验证和评价,并与基于单极化SAR数据进行建筑栋数检测得到的结果进行对比,显示了方法的有效性.     

An effective amperometric biosensor based on graphene modified gold nanowire arrays for glucose detection

A novel glucose biosensor based on graphene nanosheets （GNs） modified gold nanowire arrays （AuN- WAs） electrode was constructed. Highly ordered gold nanowire arrays were prepared by direct electrodeposition in anodic aluminum oxide templates. GNs were synthe- sized through a public route involving graphite oxidation, exfoliation, and chemical reduction. Field emission scan- ning electron microscope and high-resolution transmission electron microscope were employed to characterize the as- prepared AuNWAs and GNs. Glucose oxidase was immobilized on the surface of GNs-AuNWAs modified electrode via a cross-linking method. The cyclic voltam- metry results showed that the GNs-AuNWAs-based glu- cose biosensors have high catalysis activity to hydrogen peroxide （H2O2） than those modified with GNs or AuN- WAs only. Furthermore, amperometric response was employed to detect glucose concentration owing to its simplicity, high selectivity, and relative low cost. Glucose biosensors based on GNs-AuNWAs showed excellent performance with high sen- sitivity of 40.25 μA cm^-2 （mmol/L）^-1, low detection limit of 0.02 mmol/L, and a linear range from 0.02 to 3 mmol/L.