全文获取类型
收费全文 | 25084篇 |
免费 | 79篇 |
国内免费 | 115篇 |
专业分类
系统科学 | 118篇 |
丛书文集 | 168篇 |
教育与普及 | 70篇 |
理论与方法论 | 65篇 |
现状及发展 | 10523篇 |
研究方法 | 1157篇 |
综合类 | 12822篇 |
自然研究 | 355篇 |
出版年
2013年 | 165篇 |
2012年 | 364篇 |
2011年 | 714篇 |
2009年 | 158篇 |
2008年 | 458篇 |
2007年 | 539篇 |
2006年 | 514篇 |
2005年 | 529篇 |
2004年 | 485篇 |
2003年 | 492篇 |
2002年 | 462篇 |
2001年 | 934篇 |
2000年 | 923篇 |
1999年 | 594篇 |
1994年 | 338篇 |
1992年 | 555篇 |
1991年 | 424篇 |
1990年 | 484篇 |
1989年 | 430篇 |
1988年 | 392篇 |
1987年 | 442篇 |
1986年 | 457篇 |
1985年 | 587篇 |
1984年 | 427篇 |
1983年 | 383篇 |
1982年 | 345篇 |
1981年 | 332篇 |
1980年 | 332篇 |
1979年 | 842篇 |
1978年 | 631篇 |
1977年 | 580篇 |
1976年 | 499篇 |
1975年 | 514篇 |
1974年 | 601篇 |
1973年 | 531篇 |
1972年 | 530篇 |
1971年 | 620篇 |
1970年 | 831篇 |
1969年 | 623篇 |
1968年 | 628篇 |
1967年 | 574篇 |
1966年 | 573篇 |
1965年 | 410篇 |
1959年 | 212篇 |
1958年 | 348篇 |
1957年 | 225篇 |
1956年 | 207篇 |
1955年 | 178篇 |
1954年 | 194篇 |
1948年 | 169篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
271.
272.
273.
系统研究了正常及反常赖政-悌曼反应(NormalorAbnormalReliner-TiemannReavction,NRYorART);研究了相转移住化方法和超声波辐射技术及其在正常Reliner—Tiemann(NRT)反应中的应用,从而使反应条件温和,效率增加,对邻比大,时间缩短,取得较好收效。 相似文献
274.
The non-steroidal ecdysone agonist RH-5849 (1,2-dibenzoyl-l-tert-butylhydrazine) was found to be an effective neurotoxicant on injection into the American bird grasshopper,Schistocerca americana (Drury). Treated grasshoppers became immediately hyperactive, followed by loss of coordination, paralysis and eventually death. We also discovered that this compound induced bilateral autotomy of the metathoracic legs during the early stages of intoxication. However, no evidence of ecdysonergic or morphogenetic activities was observed. Synergism studies with neurotoxins of known mode of action suggested that RH-5849 has a mechanism of action similar to that of 4-amino pyridine, which blocks potassium channels. 相似文献
275.
Antioxidant survey to assess antagonism to redox stress using a prokaryotic and an eukaryotic system
H. Baker B. DeAngelis O. Frank M. Khalil S. H. Hutner E. R. Baker 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1996,52(6):597-599
Using a prokaryote (Escherichia coli) and a metazoa-resembling eukaryote (Ochromonas danica), we surveyed antioxidants which might overcome redox stress imposed by menadione sodium bisulphite (MD) and buthionine sulphoximine (BSO). BSO oxidant stress was evident only inO. danica; MD oxidant stress was evident in both organisms. Glutathione, its precursors, e.g. cysteine, homocysteine, and 2-oxo-4-thiazolidine carboxylic acid, and red blood cells, emerged as prime antioxidants for relieving BSO and MD oxidant stress. BSO and MD oxidant activity and antioxidant-annulling effect inO. danica were judged comparable to those found in animal cells whereas the resultsE. coli were not entirely equivalent. TheO. danica system emerged as a practical, rapid, and useful system for pinpointing oxidant stressors and antioxidants, and shows promise for studies with mammalian systems. 相似文献
276.
E. S. Fiala R. S. Sodum M. Bhattacharya H. Li 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1996,52(9):922-926
Reaction with peroxynitrite at pH 7.4 and 37°C was found to increase the 8-oxodeoxyguanosine levels in calf thymus DNA 35-38-fold. This oxidation of deoxyguanosine, as well as the peroxynitrite-mediated nitration of tyrosine to 3-nitrotyrosine, was significantly inhibited by ascorbic acid, glutathione and (–)-epigallocatechin gallate, a polyphenolic antioxidant present in tea. For 50% inhibition of the oxidation of deoxyguanosine to 8-oxodeoxyguanosine, 1.1, 7.6 of 0.25 mM ascorbate, glutathione or (–)-epigallocatechin gallate, respectively, was required. For 50% inhibition of tyrosine nitration, the respective concentrations were 1.4, 4.6 or 0.11 mM. Thus, (–)-epigallocatechin gallate is a significantly better inhibitor of both reactions than either ascorbate or glutathione. Reaction of (–)-epigallocatechin gallate with peroxynitrite alone resulted in the formation of a number of products. Ultraviolet spectra of two of these suggest that the tea polyphenol and/or its oxidation products are nitrated by peroxynitrite. 相似文献
277.
The maximum consumption of the larvae of the pest and vector mosquitoCulex quinquefasciatus by the predatory mosquitoCulex (Lutzia) raptor was studied at various instars of both the predator and the prey. The prey preferences of the predator when given lavae of different instars were also investigated. The IVth instar of the predator consumed the maximum number of Ist instar and the maximum biomass of IVth instar larvae of the prey. Instars I and II of the predator preferred the Ist of the prey; instars III and IV of the predator preferred instars II and III of the prey respectively.The predator consumed an average of 157.1 larvae during its whole larval period, when each instar of the predator was given its preferred instar of the prey. 相似文献
278.
Global warming: Take action or wait? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
W.S.Broecder 《科学通报(英文版)》2006,51(9):1018-1029
Of all the changes wrought by human activity, the buildup in our atmosphere of the greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide, has gener- ated the most contentious debate. Environmentalists warn that in the absence of firm action, over th… 相似文献
279.
In recent years, SmCo series thin films have been found to be good candidates for fabricating integrated electromagnetic components and ultrahigh density magnetic recording media[1,2]. Up to now,intensive studies of such films have been carried out in order to obtain appropriate microstructure, crystallographic orientation and other properties. Substitution of Cu or Ni for Co in SmCo/Cr series films leads to a decrease of the saturation magnetization, magnetic switching volume, and to an increase of uniaxial anisotropy and coercivity[3-5].Various deposition conditions have also been investigated[6]. The large increase in coercivity for the annealed SmCo/Cr films is due to the growth of crystallitest[7,8]. In this article, we report a study of the deposition process,structure, and magnetic behavior of sputtered Sm (Co,Cu, Ti)/Cr series thin films. 相似文献
280.
对机械合金化制备的Fe-Ni粉体利用X射线衍射(XRD)进行分析,得到了不同Ni含量和不同球磨时间Fe-Ni纳米晶的XRD谱.实验表明,w(Ni)=10%和20%时,Ni溶入Fe晶格,分别在球磨20h和50h后形成单一的a(bcc)相;w(Ni)=50%时,其先后经历了γ(fcc)→←a(bcc)正逆转变,在球磨120h后最终形成单一γ(fcc)相.无论是a(bcc)相还是γ(fcc)相.它们的固溶度均比块体Fe-Ni合金显著提高.w(Ni)=35%时,则始终是两相共存.对试样的XRD谱采用3种不同的方法测定了Fe-Ni粉体的晶粒尺寸和显微畸变,发现经球磨20h后,不同Ni含量的粉体均呈纳米结构,并随球磨时间延长,Fe-Ni纳米晶的晶粒尺寸下降而显微畸变上升. 相似文献