Microstructure and corrosion behavior of Al<Subscript>3</Subscript>Ti/ADC12 composite modified with Sr

In this study, we investigated the effect of the addition of Sr (0wt%, 0.1wt%, 0.2wt%, and 0.3wt%) on the microstructure and corrosion behavior of Al₃Ti/ADC12 composite by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy diffraction spectroscopy. The results reveal that the α-Al phases were nearly spherical and 40 μm in size and that the eutectic Si phases became round in the composite when the Sr content reached 0.2wt%. The Al₃Ti particles were distributed uniformly at the grain boundary. The results of the corrosion examination reveal that the Al₃Ti/ADC12 composite exhibited a minimum corrosion rate of 0.081 g·m–2·h–1 for an Sr content of 0.2wt%, which is two thirds of that of unmodified composite (0.134 g·m–2·h–1). This improved corrosion resistance was due to galvanic corrosion, which resulted from the low area ratio of the cathode to anode regions. This caused a low-density corrosion current in the composite, thereby yielding optimum corrosion resistance.     

Corrosion behavior of high-strength spring steel for high-speed railway

The corrosion resistance and evolution of corrosion products in medium-carbon high-strength spring steels were investigated in a neutral salt spray (5wt% NaCl solution). A formation model of γ-FeOOH and a transformation model describing the conversion of γ-FeOOH to α-FeOOH were constructed. The results indicated that, at the initial corrosion stage, the corrosion resistance was gradually improved with the addition of Cr; however, with the addition of alloying element V, the corrosion resistance decreased. These results were attributed mainly to the initial corrosion stage being closely related to the matrix microstructure parameters such as grain-boundary character and dislocation density. After the rust layer was formed at a later corrosion stage, the corrosion resistance was reinforced with the addition of Cr and V because Cr strongly influenced the composition, structure, and morphology of the corrosion products. The results presented herein show that Cr was conducive to the transformation of γ-FeOOH into α-FeOOH. Moreover, V and Cr exhibited obvious synergy and were enriched in the inner layer of the corrosion products.     

Microstructural characterization and oxidation resistance of multicomponent equiatomic CoCrCuFeNi-TiO high-entropy alloy

CoCrCuFeNi-TiO was prepared by arc melting of the pure elements and Ti₂CO powder under an Ar atmosphere. Both CoCrCuFeNi and CoCrCuFeNi-TiO alloys are composed of a face-centered cubic (fcc) solid solution, whereas the alloys of CoCrCuFeNi-TiO are basically composed of an fcc solid solution and TiO crystals. The microstructures of CoCrCuFeNi-TiO are identified as dendrite and interdendrite structures such as CoCrCuFeNi. The morphology of TiO is identified as an equiaxed crystal with a small amount of added Ti₂CO. By increasing the amount of Ti₂CO added, the TiO content was dramatically increased and part of the equiaxed crystals changed to a dendrite structure. A test of the oxidation resistance demonstrates that the oxidation resistance of CoCrCuFeNi-TiO is better than that of CoCrCuFeNi. However, as the TiO content increases further, a corresponding decrease is observed in the oxidation resistance.     

藏东南高寒区尼洋河河谷地带不同土地利用方式土壤抗蚀性研究

土壤抗蚀性是评价土壤侵蚀潜在发生可能性的重要综合性指标,研究高寒河谷地带不同土地利用方式土壤抗蚀性为土地利用模式优化和资源整合提供理论依据.本文应用主成分分析法对藏东南高寒区尼洋河流域5种不同土地利用方式下的3大类、13个土壤抗蚀性指标进行分析研究.研究结果表明:土壤团粒类指标和有机质能很好地反映土壤抗蚀性,0.25 mm水稳性团聚体质量分数、0.5mm水稳性团聚体质量分数、0.25 mm非水稳性团聚体质量分数、水稳性指数、平均重量直径、团聚体结构破坏率、有机质7个指标对土壤抗蚀性的影响最为明显,是表现不同土地利用方式土壤抗蚀性的最佳指标.各抗蚀性指标值基本表现出(0～15)cm(16～30)cm规律.通过建立权重求和模型发现0～15 cm表层土壤抗蚀性能远远大于16～30 cm;最终,通过叠加法得出不同土地利用类型土壤抗蚀性评价从强到弱顺序为:灌木林地(SL)、天然林地(NF)、农耕地(CL)、河滩林地(BL)、人工林地(AF).     

基于Jacobian矩阵的5UPS-RPS并联机构全域性能指标分析

提出一种由一个RPS约束分支和5个UPS主动分支构成的新型空间对称五自由度并联机构.为研究动平台和定平台半径变化对该五自由度并联机构速度性能指标的影响规律,利用虚设机构法求出机构一阶和二阶影响系数矩阵,并推导了速度和加速度表达式,利用推导的Jacobian矩阵对机构进行速度全域性能指标分析,并绘出上述性能指标图谱,得到动平台和定平台尺寸变化对并联机构性能的影响趋势,同时也得到所给动平台和定平台尺寸范围内速度性能较好的尺寸,为机构优化设计提供了理论依据.      

高压天然气管道喷射火热辐射计算

天然气燃爆喷射火事故可能造成人员建筑严重损害,为研究大型天然气喷射火燃爆特性,使用CFD计算软件,对质量流量在5 kg/s以上,压力分别为12 MPa与6 MPa,泄漏孔径在25 mm、50 mm与100 mm时的高压天然气喷射火进行仿真,得到这六种工况下喷射火火焰尺寸、温度分布和近地热辐射强度分布曲线,并得到喷射火长度与宽度和泄漏孔直径的线性变化关系.与喷射火常用的Thornton模型对比,仿真结果计算的火焰长度基本符合,热辐射结果在泄漏中心30 m以外基本相近,两种方法都可用于估算远距离喷射火热辐射强度,为天然气设施安全设计提供参考.     

Nanoengineering of amino - functionalized mesoporous silica nanospheres as nanoreactors

Selective functionalization of mesoporous silica nanospheres (MSNs) is crucial for nanoengineering of MSNs. Herein, we have combined “surface-protected etching strategy” and “cationic surfactant assisted etching strategy” to prepare functionalized MSNs with externally attached amino groups. The externally attached NH2 groups endow the catalysts with excellent catalytic performance for nitroaldol reaction between nitromethane and benzaldehyde. In addition, those NH2-MSNs can also be used to support gold nanoparticles, which display very good catalytic performance for reduction of 4-nitrophenol. It can be envisioned that the synthesis protocol developed in this work could also be extended to nanoengineered MSNs, which provides opportunities for nanoreactors design.     

Effect of cold rolling process on microstructure and mechanical properties of high strength β titanium alloy thin sheets

The microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-3.5Al-5Mo-6V-3Cr-2Sn-0.5Fe high strength titanium alloy sheets prepared by unidirectional cold rolling and two-step cross cold rolling were investigated. Results showed that the β phase grains were refined significantly by cold rolling followed by solution treatment for a short time.Compared to unidirectional cold rolling, the short time solution treatment after two-step cross rolling could significantly reduce the non-uniformity of the microstructure of the alloy sheets. After aging treatment at 550 ℃,the anisotropy of the mechanical properties still existed in the unidirectional rolled sheets, and the tensile strength was highest along the rolling direction. After solution and aging treatment, the anisotropy of the mechanical properties of the two-step cross rolling process sheet was not obvious than unidirectional cold rolling,and alloy had good strength and plasticity matching.     

新加坡南洋理工学院发展经验及其启示

文中介绍了新加坡南洋理工学院以项目为教学载体,将企业环境引入学校,创造出独具特色的教学工厂发展模式,实现了知识与能力、理论与实践、学校与企业、教学与研发的完美融合,有效地促进了教学资源的充分利用,并指出该发展经验和独特的办学理念对促进我国高职教育发展具有重要的意义。