基于数值模拟的语言计算方法

为了描述模糊信息并建立模糊逻辑,研究了基于扩展原理和符号化模型的语言计算方法,提出基于数值模拟的对称分布语言变量表示及计算模型.该模型用特征值和标准方差二维数值反映语言的共性和特性.为了扩大运用范围,针对用任意三角模糊数表示的语言变量,提出基础语言集的寻找方法,以实现语言变量统一,完成模糊语言之间的逻辑运算.在此基础上...     

Sedimentation processes and sedimentary characteristics of tidal bores along the north bank of the Qiantang Estuary

A tidal bore is a unique Earth surface process, characterized by its highly destructive energy, predictable periodicities and magni-tudes, and the production of characteristic sedimentary features. Tidal bores and associated rapid flood flows are highly turbulent flows of the upper-flow regime with a velocity over several meters per second. Reynolds (Re) and Froude (Fr) numbers, respectively, are larger than 104 and 1.0, making them significantly different from regular tidal flows but analogous to turbidity currents. Until now, understanding of tidal-bore depositional processes and products has been limited because of the difficulty and hazards involved with gauging tidal bores directly. The Qiantang bore is known as the largest breaking bore in the world. Field surveys were carried out in May 2010, along the north bank of the Qiantang Estuary to observe the occurrence of peak bores, including regular observations of current, water level and turbidity at the main channel. Several short cores were sampled on the intertidal flats to study the characteristic sedimentary features of tidal bores. Hydrodynamic and sedimentological studies show that the processes of sediment resuspension, transport and deposition are controlled primarily by the tidal bores, and the subsequent abruptly accelerated and decelerated flood flows, which only account for one tenth of each semidiurnal tidal cycle in the estuary. Tidal-bore deposits are generally poorly sorted because of rapid sedimentation after highly mixed suspension by intense turbulence. This behavior is characteristic of the absence of tractive-current depositional components in a C-M diagram. It also goes along with well-developed massive bedding, graded bedding, basal erosion structures, convolute bedding and dewatering structures. Together, these sedimentary features can constitute fingerprinting of turbidites, widely distributed in the deep-water environment. However, a tidal bore is triggered by intensely deformed tidal waves propagating into a shallow-water environment, which returns to regular tidal flows rapidly after the passage of the bore head. The tidal-bore deposits are usually bounded by the intertidal-flat deposits with typical tidal beddings at the top and on both flanks. The difference between tidal-bore deposits (TBD) and tidal sandy/muddy deposits (TSD/TMD) is evident not only in sedimentary structures, but also in the grain-size composition. They can be clearly distinguished in grain-size bivariate plots, typically the plot of mean grain size vs. standard deviation (or sorting). Some trend variations generally exist in mean grain size with TBD>TSD>TMD, sorting with TMD>TBD>TSD (larger value indicating poorer sorting), and both skewness and kurtosis with TSD>TBD>TMD. These findings will undoubtedly shed new light on our understanding of tidal-bore sedimentology, ancient tidal-bore sedimentary facies and environments, and related oil-and-gas field prospecting.     

国内外旅游景区人力资源开发与管理模式研究——以美国迪斯尼乐园和中国深圳世界之窗、华侨城为例

本文简要介绍了美国迪斯尼乐园和中国深圳世界之窗、华侨城的人力资源开发与管理模式,分析了它们取得成功的经验,力求为促进国内其他旅游景区的人力资源开发与管理提供一点可供参考的思路.     

Special issue on toxic metal pollution

Metals and metalloids are an integral part of the Earth’s crust.Some of these elements are of great concern due to their high toxicity and threat to humans,wildlife,and the ecosystem.For simplicity,the term toxic metals is adopted to represnt both     

弗莱明对科学技术的贡献

本文简述了弗莱明的生平,回顾了他在爱迪生效应的基础上深入研究,适应无线电报发展的需要,发明真空二极管的经历,并介绍了他在科学技术上的其他贡献,说明了他的灵感来自于长期的积累,他的勤奋努力和严谨作风值得后人学习.     

A line search filter inexact SQP method for nonlinear equality constrained optimization

This paper proposes an inexact SQP method in association with line search filter technique for solving nonlinear equality constrained optimization.For large-scale applications,it is expensive to get an exact search direction,and hence the authors use an inexact method that finds an approximate solution satisfying some appropriate conditions.The global convergence of the proposed algorithm is established by using line search filter technique.The second-order correction step is used to overcome the Maratos effect,while the line search filter inexact SQP method has q-superlinear local convergence rate.Finally,the results of numerical experiments indicate that the proposed method is efficient for the given test problems.     

白芨多糖Mark-Houwink方程的建立

自制了系列分子量规格的白芨多糖对照品(BT01～05),采用凝胶渗透色谱示差/多角激光光散射(GPC-RI/MALLS)技术测得其分子量,粘度法测得以水为溶剂、25℃条件下的特性粘数,建立白芨多糖的Mark-Houwink方程为[η]=7×10-4M1.10.     

板翅式换热器封条质量对瞬变法配比的影响及其修正

当换热面试件中带有封条或其他必须考虑横向导热效应的材料时,这部分材料的质量是否要计入换热面介质的质量,计入多少,将对现有的瞬变传热试验配比结果产生较显著的影响。本文求得了封条质量修正系数的近似分析解,并给出了修正系数图,可以准确、方便地得到参与换热、需要计入换热面质量的那部分封条质量的份额。对封条质量影响进行实验研究的结果表明,这一封条质量修正的计算方法是可靠的。     

燃煤磁流体发电研究的现状与前景

扼要介绍了开展燃煤磁流体发电研究的各主要国家的研究现状,和燃煤磁流体发电装置的各主要部件研究的进展。根据已经取得的研究结果,对这项技术的实用化进程,提出了展望。