试论高校扩招形势下大学生就业压力的缓解对策

高校扩招是世界各国高等教育发展的必然趋势,它为经济发展提供了丰富的人才储备,增强了经济和社会发展的后劲,但高校扩招使大学毕业生数量在短期内增长过快,造成空前的就业压力,这是不可避免的。要缓解大学生就业压力,应从政府采取政策、措施宏观调控;高校保证教育质量、加强就业指导、就业推荐;全社会开辟多种就业渠道,形成就业市场调节就业;大学生积极自主就业等多方面相结合,多管齐下,形成合力,努力保持大学生就业形势的基本稳定。     

Detection of Grass Carp Hemorrhage Virus （GCHV） from Vietnam and Comparison with GCHV Strain from China

Grass carp plays an important role in small-scale aquaculture in Vietnam. However, a severe disease, known in Vietnam as “Red Spot Disease“, is causing significant economic loss in grass carp aquaculture. In this study, the tissue samples isolated from the grass carp with Red Spot Disease in Vietnam are investigated and eomparied with the control GCHV isolated in China by experimental infection, culture cell infection, serological cross reactivity, and RT-PCR amplifica-tion. Infected grass carp exhibits hemorrhage symptoms about 5 days after experimental injection with GCHV-V (Vietnam) strain. The symptoms and lethality induced by the GCHV-V strain are identical to that induced by the Chinese GCHV-9014 strain. The Chinese GCHV-873 strain in-duces typical cytopathogenic effects in 4 cell lines, such as CIK, CAB, FHM and GCO, from the6 fish cell lines examined. No cytopathogenic effects are observed in all the 6 examined cell lines,including CAB, FHM, CIK, EPC, CCO and G(X), infected by the GCHV-V strain and GCHV-9014 strain. Immunodiffusion assays demonstrate an obvious cross-reactivity among three GCHVstrains. Precipitin lines are clearly observed not only between the anti-GCHV-873 serum and thetwo strains GCHV-873 and GCHV-9014, but also between the anti-GCHV-873 serum and the GCHV-V strain. GCHV can be detected by immunodiffusion assays after three generations of blind propagations in the cell lines inoculated by GCHV-V strain. This implicates that GCHV-Vviruses have been replicated and amplified despite there being no cytopathogenic eifects observed in these examined cell lines. Three genome segments of GCHV, including S8, S9 and S10, are amplified by three sets of PCR primers designed according to the segment sequences published re-cently. The Q8fp and Q8rp primer set specific for genome segment S8 amplifies a 955 bp frag-ment from the extracted sample of diseased fish with Red Spot Disease, and the fragment size is i-dentical to that amplified by the same primer set from control GCHV-873 strain. Simultaneously,the Q9fp and Q9rp primer set specific for genome segment S9 generates a same 635 bp product,and the Q10fp and Q10rp primer set specific for genome segment S10 produces a same 697 bp fragment from both template samples of diseased fish with Red Spot Disease and control GCHV-873 strain. The RT-PCR amplification and corresponding size comparison data indicate that the three GCHV-V genome segments extracted from the diseased grass carp with Red Spot Disease in Vietnam should be identical to that in control GCHV-873 strain from China. The data confirm that the causative agent of grass carp Red Spot Disease in Vietnam is a virus, and the virus is closely similar to GCHV strain in China.     

胶粘剂实验教学改革与实践

胶粘剂实验教学目前仍是继承原有单一的、传统的验证性实验,这对创新意识和创新能力的跨世纪人才培养,无疑是不利的。针对这一现状,从实验教学内容、教学方法等入手,对胶粘剂实验教学进行了必要的改革与实践。     

循环水冷系统温控电阻的实验测定

循环水冷系统温控电路的热敏电阻失效了,该电阻无标志,不知其阻值。通过实验测试,确定了它的阻值及温度系数,从而修复了系统。     

Study on read-only optical disk with Sb mask super-resolution

In this note, by using Sb to replace the Al reflective layer in the conventional optical disk, the recording pits with a diameter 380 nm and a depth 50 nm are read out in the device, whose laser wavelength l is 632.8 nm and numerical aperture (NA) is 0.40. In the course of reproduction, the readout laser power is 4 mW and the rotation velocity of the disk is 5 m/s. The optimum Sb film thickness is 28-30 nm and the CNR is 38-40 dB.     

基于SIMOTION的多轴同步控制技术在卷烟机组中的应用

为了解决传统卷烟机组的接装机传动链过长、传动误差大、维修不方便、机械润滑系统容易漏油等问题,采用西门子SIMOTION伺服独立驱动系统替代了原来的机械传动系统,实验结果表明,基于SIOMOTION的伺服独立驱动系统有效地提高了卷烟设备的速度和精度,满足设计要求。     

湍流抑制器对中间包钢液流动的影响

采用水模拟试验研究湍流抑制器对中间包钢液流动特性的影响。结果表明,拉速变化时单层湍流抑制器对钢液流动影响程度较小,双层湍流抑制器能延长包内钢液平均停留时间;液位变化时双层湍流抑制器对钢液流动影响程度较小,相同液位下双层湍流抑制器使钢液在中间包内平均停留时间较之于单层湍抑器相应值至少增加20s;3种湍流抑制器对中间包流场的改善程度从大到小排序为:双层湍流抑制器,八角形湍流抑制器,单层湍流抑制器。     

分层实体制造技术中激光切割路径的优化

在分层实体制造中，激光切割路径和切割速度影响每层的切割加工时间，在切割速度一定的情况下，激光切割路径的优化与否将直接影响每层的切割加工时间，本文对激光切割路径进行优化的方法，可以减少一些不必要的移动路径和缩短空行程位移，从而达到提高加工效率的目的。     

Study on swelling model and thermodynamic structure of native konjac glucomannan

We investigated the higher structure of konjac glucomannan (KGM) in the amorphous state and solution using a laser particle size analyzer and a water activity meter. The results show that the thermodynamic structures of native KGM were primarily composed of the lamella structure units, which involve both granular crystalline and amorphous regions, and that the connection zones of such units contained both loose and tight aggregation regions. The value of surface tension (σ) of native KGM, resting with the density of its hydroxyl groups’ self-association, was an important parameter to analyze the higher structures of native KGM in the thermodynamic swelling model of native KGM.     

大倾角综放工作面核心生产工艺探索

文章针对大倾角回采综放工作面如何有效控制刮板输送机上窜下滑,提出在工作面上部斜切进刀和支架交错前移推进的技术,通过现场实践,对于大倾角回采支架防倒也采取了有效防倒措施,该技术的成功实施对于类似地质条件的综放工作面具有较强的借鉴意义.