Facile and environment friendly synthesis of hierarchical BiOCl flowery microspheres with remarkable photocatalytic properties

A facile and environment friendly approach to synthesis of unique hierarchical BiOC1 flowery micro- spheres （FMs） using a biodegradable surfactant polyvinyl alcohol （PVA） was reported herein for the first time. Com- pared to the BiOC1 nanosheets synthesized in the absence of PVA, hierarchical BLOC1 FMs consist of large amounts of interwoven polycrystalline nanosheets that assemble into a porous flowery structure. The formation mechanism of the hierarchical BiOC1 FMs was also proposed, whereby PVA was believed to play a key role in the crystal growth and the formation of the final microstructures. Compared with TiO2- P25 and BiOC1 nanosheets, hierarchical BiOC1 FMs dis- played remarkably enhanced photocatalytic activity, and 20 mg of BiOC1 FMs could completely degrade 50 mL of methyl orange solution （20 rag/L） within 30 min under UV- light irradiation. According to the comprehensive analysis, it can be concluded that the larger specific surface area, porosity, suitable band gap, and the enhanced light absorp- tion capacity may contribute to the remarkably enhanced photocatalytic activity. This facile and green approach to fabricating hierarchical BiOC1 FMs would give vital clues to develop new route for synthesizing other hierarchical structured materials.     

催化裂化反应工艺技术进展

催化裂化工艺是炼油行业高效利用石油资源的一个重要手段。各炼油企业的原料性质差异和对产品分布的要求不同使催化裂化工艺的发展多样化。原油劣质化和环保要求越来越严格是催化裂化工艺发展的推动力;强化重油裂化能力、改善产品分布、提高产品质量、减少污染物排放和提高经济效益是其发展的出发点;提高剂/油比、缩短反应时间、让不同的反应分区进行、将部分待生催化剂循环等是其基本手段。     

独轮自平衡电动车的建模与运动平衡控制

为了设计新型、环保、便捷的智能代步工具,搭建了一款独轮自平衡电动车物理系统。利用拉格朗日方法建立了人车一体的动力学模型,并对系统进行了特性分析。设计了独轮车系统的比例微分(proportional-differential,PD)平衡控制器,并对独轮车系统分别进行了自平衡、冲击干扰和阶跃干扰实验。实验结果表明,独轮自平衡电动车系统具有较好的鲁棒性和操控性,证明设计方案的合理性和有效性。     

强力氨肽对小鼠成纤维细胞的影响

蛋白质对细胞合成和代谢有一定程度的影响,高浓度胺肽含有丰富的氨基酸,通过对实验组和对照组小鼠脸颊、腹部和四肢等部位皮下结缔组织的比较,实验组小鼠上述３ 个部位的成纤维细胞数量和直径与对照组相比均有显著差异,而且细胞外基质成分也比对照组发达实验证明强力氨肽具有促进成纤维细胞的分裂和合成能力,对伤口愈合增强皮下结缔组织的韧性和弹性具有显著作用     

次生栎林蒸腾强度与蒸腾量的研究

采用多元回归分析和灰色关联分析方法,探讨了下蜀次生栎林蒸腾强度与生态因子的相关关系;并采用曲线积分的方法对林分蒸腾量作了估测。结果表明影响蒸腾强度的主要生态因子是温度和净辐射;其次是空气相对湿度和土壤热流通量;风速和土壤含水率的影响很小。次生栎林１９９６年总蒸腾量为４２８．８８ｍｍ;总蒸发散量为８５８．６８ｍｍ,占全年总降雨量的６８．８５％。研究结果为进一步阐明次生栎林的结构和功能提供了理论基础。     

Highly sensitive detection of melamine based on reversed phase liquid chromatography mass spectrometry

In this work, we developed a highly sensitive method to detect melamine based on reversed phase liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. A mass spectrometry compatible ion pair, heptafluorobutyric acid(HFBA), was used to separate melamine by reversed phase liquid chromatography prior to electrospray mass spectrometry. The incorporation of isotope internal standard and multiple reaction monitoring improved the accuracy and linearity of quantification. Based on this strategy, the method limit of quantification was 0.1 ng/g. The limits of quantification were 8 ng/g for liquid milk and 15 ng/g for dry milk powder. This method provided a reproducible and stable approach to sensitive detection and quantification of melamine. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30425021) and National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2007AA02Z334)     

Convergence analysis in sense of Lebesgue-p norm of decentralized non-repetitive iterative learning control for linear large-scale systems

In this paper, a decentralized iterative learning control strategy is embedded into the procedure of hierarchical steady-state optimization for a class of linear large-scale industrial processes which consists of a number of subsystems. The task of the learning controller for each subsystem is to iteratively generate a sequence of upgraded control inputs to take responsibilities of a sequential step functional control signals with distinct scales which are determined by the local decision-making units in the two-layer hierarchical steady-state optimization processing. The objective of the designated strategy is to consecutively improve the transient performance of the system. By means of the generalized Young inequality of convolution integral, the convergence of the learning algorithm is analyzed in the sense of Lebesgue-p norm. It is shown that the inherent feature of system such as the multi-dimensionality and the interaction may influence the convergence of the non-repetitive learning rule. Numerical simulations illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme and the validity of the conclusion. This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. F030101–60574021.     

基于新样本的滑坡坝溃决洪峰流量预测模型修正与对比

受极端天气（强降雨）及高烈度地震的影响,高山峡谷区常发生滑坡堵江事件,形成具有明显“多漫顶,短寿命”特征的堰塞坝。堰塞坝溃决后,将形成具有强大破坏力的溃决洪水。溃决洪峰流量作为一个重要的水力参数,直接决定了下游灾害的影响程度。本文广泛收集了来自全球具有完整资料记载的67例滑坡坝溃决案例,扩充了已有的滑坡坝数据库,增加了数据样本区间,进而基于新数据库对已有滑坡坝溃决洪峰流量的参数预测模型进行了修正,并采用均方根误差(RMSE)和相关系数(R2)两个度量指标对比分析了各模型的预测效果,最后采用2018年在西藏江达县与四川省白玉县交界处发生的两次（10月10日和11月3日各一次）白格滑坡堰塞坝溃决事件对修正后的模型进行应用并对比。结果表明,修正模型的整体计算效果较修正前均有不同程度的提升,适用范围更广,但大部分模型因选取指标单一,未全面考虑水土耦合作用下复杂溃坝问题中的关键影响因子;经对比,Costa (1985)坝高Hd单参数模型（修正后RMSE和R2分别为61231.95 m3/s、0.0746）的计算自效果较差,建议优先选用Peng M模型（修正后RMSE和R2分别为6070.52 m3/s、0.9909）进行滑坡坝的溃决洪峰流量计算,其它模型可作为参考使用;该结论与白格堰塞湖溃决案例应用对比结果一致。研究成果可为滑坡坝的防灾减灾和应急抢险提供重要的理论依据。     

GMA熔融接枝聚丙烯的研究

以甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯为接枝单体，过氧化二异丙苯为引发剂，对聚丙烯进行了熔融接枝，在烃链上引入极性基团，以改善聚丙烯与生聚合物的相容性。系统地研究了温度、时间、聚丙烯粒径，反应笺组成及加料方式、反应器形式等因素对支率的影响。     

Genome-wide association study identifies a susceptibility locus for schizophrenia in Han Chinese at 11p11.2

To identify susceptibility loci for schizophrenia, we performed a two-stage genome-wide association study (GWAS) of schizophrenia in the Han Chinese population (GWAS: 746 individuals with schizophrenia and 1,599 healthy controls; validation: 4,027 individuals with schizophrenia and 5,603 healthy controls). We identified two susceptibility loci for schizophrenia at 6p21-p22.1 (rs1233710 in an intron of ZKSCAN4, P(combined) = 4.76 × 10(-11), odds ratio (OR) = 0.79; rs1635 in an exon of NKAPL, P(combined) = 6.91 × 10(-12), OR = 0.78; rs2142731 in an intron of PGBD1, P(combined) = 5.14 × 10(-10), OR = 0.79) and 11p11.2 (rs11038167 near the 5' UTR of TSPAN18, P(combined) = 1.09 × 10(-11), OR = 1.29; rs11038172, P(combined) = 7.21 × 10(-10), OR = 1.25; rs835784, P(combined) = 2.73 × 10(-11), OR = 1.27). These results add to previous evidence of susceptibility loci for schizophrenia at 6p21-p22.1 in the Han Chinese population. We found that NKAPL and ZKSCAN4 were expressed in postnatal day 0 (P0) mouse brain. These findings may lead to new insights into the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.