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31.
Clinton S. Robbins Filip K. Swirski 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2010,67(16):2685-2693
Monocytes participate importantly in immunity. Produced in the bone marrow and released into the blood, they circulate in
blood or reside in a spleen reservoir before entering tissue and giving rise to macrophages or dendritic cells. Monocytes
are more than transitional cells that adapt to a particular tissue environment indiscriminately. Accumulating evidence now
indicates that monocytes are heterogeneous in several species and are themselves predetermined for particular function in
the steady state and inflammation. Future therapeutics may harness this heterogeneity to target harmful functions while sparing
those that are beneficial. Here, we review recent advances on the ontogeny and function of monocytes and their subsets in
humans and mice. 相似文献
32.
Several C11 to C15 amides and amines that disrupt growth in certain insects showed high nematicidal activity in direct contact tests. Two amides and 9 amines killed Panagrellus at 5-10 ppm. Of these, 1 amide and 3 amines killed Meloidogyne larvae at 20 ppm. 相似文献
33.
Dorner M Horwitz JA Robbins JB Barry WT Feng Q Mu K Jones CT Schoggins JW Catanese MT Burton DR Law M Rice CM Ploss A 《Nature》2011,474(7350):208-211
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains a major medical problem. Antiviral treatment is only partially effective and a vaccine does not exist. Development of more effective therapies has been hampered by the lack of a suitable small animal model. Although xenotransplantation of immunodeficient mice with human hepatocytes has shown promise, these models are subject to important challenges. Building on the previous observation that CD81 and occludin comprise the minimal human factors required to render mouse cells permissive to HCV entry in vitro, we attempted murine humanization via a genetic approach. Here we show that expression of two human genes is sufficient to allow HCV infection of fully immunocompetent inbred mice. We establish a precedent for applying mouse genetics to dissect viral entry and validate the role of scavenger receptor type B class I for HCV uptake. We demonstrate that HCV can be blocked by passive immunization, as well as showing that a recombinant vaccinia virus vector induces humoral immunity and confers partial protection against heterologous challenge. This system recapitulates a portion of the HCV life cycle in an immunocompetent rodent for the first time, opening opportunities for studying viral pathogenesis and immunity and comprising an effective platform for testing HCV entry inhibitors in vivo. 相似文献
34.
35.
J H Robbins 《Experientia》1964,20(3):164-168
36.
37.
W. D. Kundin Mary Louise Robbins P. K. Smith 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1964,20(8):438-439
Zusammenfassung Hydrazin, wie auch verschiedene Benzoylhydrazide, hemmen das Wachstum des Influenzavirus in Kulturen embryonalen Hühnerlungengewebes. Anthranilsäurehydrazid konnte die Virusvermehrung bis 6 h nach Viruszugabe hemmen.
This investigation was supported by a contract with the Office of Naval Research.
From a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
Deceased, October 6, 1960. 相似文献
This investigation was supported by a contract with the Office of Naval Research.
From a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
Deceased, October 6, 1960. 相似文献
38.
A conserved XIAP-interaction motif in caspase-9 and Smac/DIABLO regulates caspase activity and apoptosis 总被引:49,自引:0,他引:49
Srinivasula SM Hegde R Saleh A Datta P Shiozaki E Chai J Lee RA Robbins PD Fernandes-Alnemri T Shi Y Alnemri ES 《Nature》2001,410(6824):112-116
X-linked inhibitor-of-apoptosis protein (XIAP) interacts with caspase-9 and inhibits its activity, whereas Smac (also known as DIABLO) relieves this inhibition through interaction with XIAP. Here we show that XIAP associates with the active caspase-9-Apaf-1 holoenzyme complex through binding to the amino terminus of the linker peptide on the small subunit of caspase-9, which becomes exposed after proteolytic processing of procaspase-9 at Asp315. Supporting this observation, point mutations that abrogate the proteolytic processing but not the catalytic activity of caspase-9, or deletion of the linker peptide, prevented caspase-9 association with XIAP and its concomitant inhibition. We note that the N-terminal four residues of caspase-9 linker peptide share significant homology with the N-terminal tetra-peptide in mature Smac and in the Drosophila proteins Hid/Grim/Reaper, defining a conserved class of IAP-binding motifs. Consistent with this finding, binding of the caspase-9 linker peptide and Smac to the BIR3 domain of XIAP is mutually exclusive, suggesting that Smac potentiates caspase-9 activity by disrupting the interaction of the linker peptide of caspase-9 with BIR3. Our studies reveal a mechanism in which binding to the BIR3 domain by two conserved peptides, one from Smac and the other one from caspase-9, has opposing effects on caspase activity and apoptosis. 相似文献
39.
Drug addiction: bad habits add up 总被引:26,自引:0,他引:26
40.