锂硫聚合物二次电池关键材料研究进展

报告了在复合型纳米硫正极材料、纳米储锂合金负极材料和用原位合成工艺掺入纳米二氧化硅的凝 胶型聚合物电解质的研制方面所取得的进展;所研制的复合型纳米硫正极材料与凝胶电解质及锂金属负极配合 制成扣式实验电池进行测试,容量已达到７００mAh桙g,发现该材料放电电压是现有锂钴氧材料放电电压的一半, 双电池串联可以与现有锂钴氧材料电池互换;采用微乳液新工艺合成的Cu－Sn纳米合金材料,以石墨与金属锡 复合的材料,以及以金属氧化物作为原料,采用乳液法制备碳微球镶嵌金属锡的球形复合材料等高容量负极材 料取得了较大的进展     

加热与加酸对污泥释磷影响研究

利用热和酸有助于微生物细胞破碎原理,对含磷污泥在不同温度（60、70、80、90℃）,不同无机酸（H2SO4、HCl、HNO3）以及两者共同作用下的释磷效果进行了比较研究．结果表明,随着加热时间延长和温度升高,污泥释磷率提高,90℃下加热2h,总磷（T-P）释放率为22．5％,明显比60℃下高．在加酸条件下,随着酸浓度提高,T-P释放率提高．在10％HCl反应条件下,污泥磷释放效果最好,释磷比率为52．2％;10％HzS0t条件下,释磷效果稍差,释磷率为46．0％;10％HNO3与前两者相比,释磷效果最差,释磷率为39．6％．加热和加酸条件下释磷效果的比较结果表明,加酸比加热更有利于T-P释放．在热和酸联合作用下,污泥T-P释放效果更好．在90℃＋2％HCl条件下经2h后,T—P释放率达到96．3％．显微镜观察显示仅仅加热对含磷污泥中微生物的细胞形态破坏得不彻底,但通过加热和加酸联合作用和反应后,微生物细胞被完全破碎．     

一种新的解锁螺栓分离时间测试方法

基于激光位移传感器测试解锁螺栓分离时间的思想,设计一种新的解锁螺栓分离时间测试方法,并设计了相应的测试系统,其测试不确定度为0.184%.通过试验得到新方法测得解锁螺栓分离时间平均值14.74ms,传统的通-断靶线法测得分离时间平均值14.60ms,三次试验均值相差0.14ms.结果表明,新方法不仅能直接有效地测试解锁螺栓分离时间,还能间接地表征解锁螺栓的分离速度、冲击加速度以及分离冲量等分离特性参数.     

高取代度木聚糖衍生物的理化性质

以从麦草中分离得到的木聚糖为原料、丙烯酰胺为醚化剂、碱为催化剂、丁醇/水为反应介质制备了带有高取代度双官能团的木聚糖衍生物.采用13C核磁共振表征了木聚糖衍生物的结构.利用平行板流变仪和同步热分析仪对木聚糖衍生物与原木聚糖的动态流变性能和热稳定性进行测试,结果表明:与原木聚糖溶液相比,木聚糖衍生物溶液呈现较低的粘度,剪...     

退火温度对ZnO薄膜晶体管电特性的影响

针对非晶硅和有机薄膜晶体管的低迁移率问题,以高纯Zn为靶材,反应磁控溅射沉积、且在不同温度下退火的ZnO薄膜作为半导体活性层,成功地制备出基于ZnO材料的薄膜晶体管(ZnO-TFT),研究了退火温度对ZnO -TFT电特性的影响.结果表明:ZnO- TFT的载流子迁移率随退火温度的升高而明显增大,700℃退火的样品迁移...     

耐有机溶剂脂肪酶产生菌的筛选和鉴定

从国内各地采取土样分离筛选产耐有机溶剂脂肪酶的新菌株,通过形态和生理生化特征以及系统进化树分析,筛选到的新菌株命名为Pseudomonas aeruginosa CS-2.来自Pseudomonas aeruginosa CS-2的粗脂肪酶液在乙腈中酶活提高,在苯、氯仿、正己烷、石油醚和异辛烷中表现出较高的稳定性.     

Evaluating the reliability of microsatellite genotyping from low-quality DNA templates with a polynomial distribution model

Molecular studies using trace DNA, such as from museum specimens, ancient or forensic samples and samples obtained noninvasively, often have a common problem of low quality of DNA templates. Amplification errors, such as allelic dropout and false allele, may arise during polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using such samples. A mathematical model which treats homozygotes and heterozygotes discriminately has been developed to measure sample quality and compute the confidence level of using multipletube approaches. We use plucked hair samples collected from 26 individual Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxel- lana) to test the model. In this case, a confidence level of 99% can be achieved by three positive PCRs. If the sample quality is very poor and requires many PCR replicates, an alternative multiplestep genotyping method is recommended. This model enables researchers to optimize experimental protocols through pilot studies and obtain reliable genetic information using noninvasive sampling method.     

Response of the northwestern Pacific upper water δ~(13)C to the last deglacial ventilation of the deep Southern Ocean

The deglacial δ~13C minimum events that originated from the ventilation of the deep Southern Ocean around Antarctica, have been recorded in a range of marine sediments from the southern to tropical oceans in late Pleistocene. However, the broad δ~13C minimum event was also reported as far as to the northern middle latitudes, in northwestern Pacific marginal sea areas, during the last deglaciation. In the northwestern Pacific, forcing from the northern high latitudes is strongly expressed, while the records of in- fluence from the southern high latitudes are few. The Kuroshio Source Region (KSR) forms a boundary between the northwestern Pacific and the southern, tropical Pacific. So, high-resolution planktonic foraminiferal records in core MD06-3054 from the KSR are well positioned to identify signals from the southern hemisphere in the northwestern Pacific. Planktonic foraminiferal tests from the upper 1030 cm of the core were subject to AMS14C, carbon and oxygen isotopic measurements. A negative excursion was found to occur from about 20.0-6.0 ka BP in δ~13C records of both surface (Globigerinoides ruber) and subsurface (Pulleni- atina obliquiloculata) dwellers, but the overall trends of the two curves have reversed since 26.5 ka BP. Moreover, the δ~13C rec- ord of G. ruber (the surface dweller) shows a robust link to the record of atmospheric CO2, and its changes precede the records of P. obliquiloculata (the subsurface dweller). According to the hydrologic conditions, the broad δ~13C minimum event recorded in the KSR is also a response to the increasing ventilation of the deep Southern Ocean around Antarctica during the last deglaciation. The inconsistency between the records of the surface and subsurface dwellers was possibly caused by the ways that the low δ~13C signal was transmitted. Subsurface water primarily received the low δ~13C signal from the Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW), whereas the surface water was probably mainly impacted by atmospheric CO2 in the KSR. The records from the KSR confirm the deduction that the broad δ~13C minimum event in the Okinawa Trough was due to the impact of tropical Pacific surface water dur- ing the last deglaciation, and suggest that signals from the southern high latitudes also can be delivered to the northern middle latitudes.     

基于邻域粗糙集的不完整决策系统特征选择算法

针对不完整决策系统属性约简算法时间复杂度较高问题,基于正域不变条件下,决策系统分类能力保持不变原则,提出不完整决策系统前向顺序特征选择算法.该算法从约简集为空集开始,根据在约简集合中加入各属性后对正域影响程度大小将属性降序排列,采用顺序前向搜索,选择当前最佳特征加入特征约简集合,确定最佳特征子集.将该算法扩展到基于邻域...     

宽带认知无线电网络分布式协作压缩频谱感知算法

针对宽带认知无线电网络中压缩频谱感知算法在低信噪比环境下频谱检测性能下降的问题,提出了一种基于高斯过程的分布式压缩频谱感知(PBCS)算法.首先应用层次化的正态分布概率模型来表示压缩频谱的重构,然后各个认知无线电用户交换模型参数并结合本地的压缩采样数据进行压缩频谱感知.有别于其他直接融合频谱感知结果或检测数据的协作式算法,PBCS算法通过模型参数融合来进行协作,能有效减小信噪比低的协作用户的影响,从而提高算法的抗噪性.仿真结果表明,PBCS算法可以在-5dB的信噪比条件下达到检测概率大于0.9、误检概率为0.1的频谱检测性能.