模拟失重对大鼠睾丸组织结构及AR和HSP70表达的影响

采用-30°尾部悬帛模拟失重生理效应,32只Wistar雄性大鼠随机分为7 d对照组、14 d对照组、悬吊7 d组和悬吊14 d组4组,运用HE染色和免疫组织化学染色方法,分别观察模拟失重7 d、14 d大鼠睾丸组织的组织病理学变化,同时定置对比观察了对照组、模拟失重组大鼠睾丸组织中AR和HSP70的表达和定位.结果显示,悬吊7 d和14 d的大鼠睾丸组织均出现了明显的组织病理学变化,表现为睾丸曲细精管内生精上皮细胞排列紊乱,出现不同程度的变性、坏死:悬吊14 d的大鼠睾丸的病变比悬吊7 d的更为明显.免疫组化染色结果表明,模拟失重7 d、14 d的大鼠睾丸组织中,AR表达量均极显著降低(P<0.01);而HSP70表达置均极显著升高(P<0.01).在组织间隙和间质渗出物中出现大量eHSP70.研究表明,模拟失重状态对雄性大鼠生殖器官睾丸的组织结构会造成严重的病理损伤,导致睾丸生精上皮不可逆损伤,使睾丸组织分泌表达AR的功能减退,引起HSP70的过量表达和大量释放形成eHSP70,以至造成睾丸实质的严重损伤.     

基于子波分解计算散射子平均间距的倒谱法

提出了一种对超声散射信号分析的方法－－子波分解（ＷＤ）倒谱法,并利用该方法对正常猪肝组织的回波信号进行了分析,对软组织中散射的平均间距进行了估计,与用ＡＲＩ倒谱法所得结果进行了比较,结果表明：ＷＤ倒谱比ＡＲ倒谱更能反映软组织的微观结构特征,说明ＷＤ倒谱是软组织超声散射信号分析与软组织散射子平均间距定特征的一种有效方法。     

Seasonal habitat use and selection of Chukars in west central Idaho

We examined radio-marked Chukar ( Alectoris chukar ) habitat use and selection in west central Idaho during spring and summer of 1995 and 1996. Use of habitats also was compared with abundance and distribution of yellow starthistle ( Centaurea solstitialis ), an exotic species that is increasingly abundant in Chukar habitats. During summer Chukars used areas of southeast aspect 12% less ( P = 0.002) and areas of northwest aspect 11% more ( P = 0.008) than in spring. Chukars also used areas that averaged 9% steeper slopes ( P P = 0.054) in summer than in spring. Shrub cover types were used 22% more ( P P P P P < 0.05) than expected, implicating the detrimental effects of this exotic plant on habitat use of Chukars.     

豚鼠耳蜗基底膜的振动特性

为探讨豚鼠耳蜗基底膜的听觉机制,利用多普勒激光测振技术进行了声音在28只成年健康豚鼠耳中传递的测试实验.将豚鼠麻醉后切断头取出听泡,采用电钻暴露其耳蜗基底膜,利用多普勒激光测振仪在给定的声压级、频率的纯音激励条件下测量豚鼠外耳道耳蜗基底膜的振动速度,并测量了中耳镫骨的振动速度.结果表明,豚鼠外耳道基底膜具有频率选择特性,而且其基底膜的振动具有行波特性.     

Patterning organic single-crystal transistor arrays

Field-effect transistors made of organic single crystals are ideal for studying the charge transport characteristics of organic semiconductor materials. Their outstanding device performance, relative to that of transistors made of organic thin films, makes them also attractive candidates for electronic applications such as active matrix displays and sensor arrays. These applications require minimal cross-talk between neighbouring devices. In the case of thin film systems, simple patterning of the active semiconductor layer minimizes cross-talk. But when using organic single crystals, the only approach currently available for creating arrays of separate devices is manual selection and placing of individual crystals-a process prohibitive for producing devices at high density and with reasonable throughput. In contrast, inorganic crystals have been grown in extended arrays, and efficient and large-area fabrication of silicon crystalline islands with high mobilities for electronic applications has been reported. Here we describe a method for effectively fabricating large arrays of single crystals of a wide range of organic semiconductor materials directly onto transistor source-drain electrodes. We find that film domains of octadecyltriethoxysilane microcontact-printed onto either clean Si/SiO(2) surfaces or flexible plastic provide control over the nucleation of vapour-grown organic single crystals. This allows us to fabricate large arrays of high-performance organic single-crystal field-effect transistors with mobilities as high as 2.4 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) and on/off ratios greater than 10(7), and devices on flexible substrates that retain their performance after significant bending. These results suggest that our fabrication approach constitutes a promising step that might ultimately allow us to utilize high-performance organic single-crystal field-effect transistors for large-area electronics applications.     

西咪替丁的线性扫描极谱法测定

用线性扫描极谱法研究了西咪替丁的电化学行为.在0.16 mol·L-1Na2HPO4-KH2PO4缓冲溶液(pH6.65)中,西咪替丁于-1.903V(vs.SCE)处产生一灵敏的吸附波,其一次线性扫描极谱峰电流与西咪替丁浓度在4.0 mg·L-1-200.0 mg·L-1范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r=0.9935(n=10),检出限为2.0 mg·L-1.对80.0 mg·L-1西咪替丁溶液进行6次平行试验,RSD为0.86%,回收率在94.7%-99.4%之间.本方法操作简便、准确、结果重现性好,可用于胶囊中西咪替丁含量的测定.     

超声导波定量评价长骨骨折状况

采用超声导波评价长骨骨折已成为近年来的研究热点之一,为了定量地评价长骨骨折状况,本文采用二维时域有限差分仿真方法定量分析了超声导波在部分断裂和完全断裂的长骨中的传播情况.结果表明,采用低频窄带高斯包络正弦信号可成功激励出两个低阶导波模式S0和A0,其中A0模式对长骨骨折状况较为敏感.S0和A0模式幅度的比值S0/A0被用于评价长骨骨折程度,S0/A0随裂纹宽度、裂纹深度的增加显著上升.因此超声导波模式转换现象可用于定量表征骨折长骨的裂纹深度和裂纹宽度的变化,对长骨骨折愈合的监测也具有一定意义.     

Chitin induces accumulation in tissue of innate immune cells associated with allergy

Allergic and parasitic worm immunity is characterized by infiltration of tissues with interleukin (IL)-4- and IL-13-expressing cells, including T-helper-2 cells, eosinophils and basophils. Tissue macrophages assume a distinct phenotype, designated alternatively activated macrophages. Relatively little is known about the factors that trigger these host responses. Chitin, a widespread environmental biopolymer of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine, provides structural rigidity to fungi, crustaceans, helminths and insects. Here, we show that chitin induces the accumulation in tissue of IL-4-expressing innate immune cells, including eosinophils and basophils, when given to mice. Tissue infiltration was unaffected by the absence of Toll-like-receptor-mediated lipopolysaccharide recognition but did not occur if the injected chitin was pre-treated with the IL-4- and IL-13-inducible mammalian chitinase, AMCase, or if the chitin was injected into mice that overexpressed AMCase. Chitin mediated alternative macrophage activation in vivo and the production of leukotriene B(4), which was required for optimal immune cell recruitment. Chitin is a recognition element for tissue infiltration by innate cells implicated in allergic and helminth immunity and this process can be negatively regulated by a vertebrate chitinase.     

1,8-萘啶氮氧化物与3d元素高氯酸盐配合物研究

在非水介质中合成出1,8-萘啶氮氧化物与6个3d元素(锰,铁,钴,镍,铜,锌)高氯酸盐的固体配合物.对配合物进行了熔点及溶解性测定.通过元素分析、红外光谱、紫外光谱和摩尔电导等测定.研究了配合物的组成和性质.     

奥沙普秦的线性扫描极谱法测定

用线性扫描极谱法和循环伏安法研究奥沙普秦在0.05mol.L-1HAc-NaAc缓冲溶液(pH5.18)中的电化学行为。奥沙普秦于-1.221V(vs.SCE)处产生一灵敏的吸附波,奥沙普秦浓度在4.0μg.L-1～2000.0μg.L-1范围时,其一次微分线性扫描峰电流与奥沙普秦浓度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r=0.99920(n=15),检出限为2.4μg.L-1。对200.0μg.L-1奥沙普秦溶液进行6次平行试验,RSD为1.02%,回收率在94.3%～96.2%之间,方法可用于其在片剂中含量的测定。