全文获取类型
收费全文 | 98篇 |
免费 | 1篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
专业分类
系统科学 | 5篇 |
教育与普及 | 1篇 |
现状及发展 | 28篇 |
研究方法 | 10篇 |
综合类 | 54篇 |
自然研究 | 3篇 |
出版年
2019年 | 3篇 |
2014年 | 1篇 |
2012年 | 5篇 |
2011年 | 9篇 |
2010年 | 3篇 |
2008年 | 2篇 |
2007年 | 5篇 |
2006年 | 4篇 |
2005年 | 10篇 |
2004年 | 6篇 |
2003年 | 7篇 |
2002年 | 1篇 |
2001年 | 1篇 |
2000年 | 2篇 |
1999年 | 4篇 |
1998年 | 1篇 |
1996年 | 1篇 |
1995年 | 1篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 3篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1967年 | 1篇 |
1965年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有101条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
Low European methyl chloroform emissions inferred from long-term atmospheric measurements 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Reimann S Manning AJ Simmonds PG Cunnold DM Wang RH Li J McCulloch A Prinn RG Huang J Weiss RF Fraser PJ O'Doherty S Greally BR Stemmler K Hill M Folini D 《Nature》2005,433(7025):506-508
Methyl chloroform (CH3CCl3, 1,1,1,-trichloroethane) was used widely as a solvent before it was recognized to be an ozone-depleting substance and its phase-out was introduced under the Montreal Protocol. Subsequently, its atmospheric concentration has declined steadily and recent European methyl chloroform consumption and emissions were estimated to be less than 0.1 gigagrams per year. However, data from a short-term tropospheric measurement campaign (EXPORT) indicated that European methyl chloroform emissions could have been over 20 gigagrams in 2000 (ref. 6), almost doubling previously estimated global emissions. Such enhanced emissions would significantly affect results from the CH3CC13 method of deriving global abundances of hydroxyl radicals (OH) (refs 7-12)-the dominant reactive atmospheric chemical for removing trace gases related to air pollution, ozone depletion and the greenhouse effect. Here we use long-term, high-frequency data from Mace Head, Ireland and Jungfraujoch, Switzerland, to infer European methyl chloroform emissions. We find that European emission estimates declined from about 60 gigagrams per year in the mid-1990s to 0.3-1.4 and 1.9-3.4 gigagrams per year in 2000-03, based on Mace Head and Jungfraujoch data, respectively. Our European methyl chloroform emission estimates are therefore higher than calculated from consumption data, but are considerably lower than those derived from the EXPORT campaign in 2000 (ref. 6). 相似文献