论教师的主导作用与学生的主体性

论述了在教学过程中教师的主导作用和学生学习的主体性 ,主导与主体的关系 ,在教学中如何发挥教师的主导作用和学生的主体性 .     

湘黔地区埃迪卡拉纪-寒武纪之交硅质岩的成因探讨——来自稀土元素和Ge/Si比值的证据

对埃迪卡拉纪?寒武纪之交的贵州铜仁坝黄剖面留茶坡组层状硅质岩和湖南张家界柑子坪剖面留茶坡组穹隆状硅质岩的主量、微量元素和稀土元素以及Ge/Si特征进行分析, 探讨两种硅质岩的成因。层状硅质岩的SiO₂含量为96.06%~99.61%, 穹窿状硅质岩的SiO₂含量为98.62%~99.56%, 平均值为99.13%; 其他元素含量很低, 两者均为纯硅质岩。坝黄层状硅质岩的ΣREE为20.14~248.56 μg/g (平均100.62 μg/g), Eu/Eu*值为0.90~1.10 (平均1.06), 无明显异常, Ge/Si值为0.13~0.98 μmol/mol (平均0.50 μmol/mol), Al₂O₃与ΣREE明显正相关, 表明硅质岩成分明显受陆源输入的控制。柑子坪穹隆状硅质岩的ΣREE值低, 为3.75~7.24 μg/g (平均5.73 μg/g), Ce/Ce*值为0.46~0.66 (平均0.57), 具负异常, Eu/Eu*值为2.28~11.07 (平均4.60), 具明显正异常, Ge/Si值为1.09~1.43 μmol/mol (平均1.25 μmol/mol), Al₂O₃与ΣREE的相关性较差, 表明硅质岩为海底热液成因。Al₂O₃与Ge/Si的相关性强弱也可以反映硅质岩的来源。结合古地理环境, 推断层状硅质岩可能形成于盆地内部, 而穹隆状硅质岩可能发育在台缘同生断裂处, 因海底热液喷流而形成。以1 μmol/mol 作为Ge/Si的临界值可以为示踪硅质岩的物质来源提供新的思路。     

Alkaline digestion behavior and alumina extraction from sodium aluminosilicate generated in pyrometallurgical process

In pyrometallurgical process, Al-and Si-bearing minerals in iron and aluminum ores are easily transformed into sodium aluminosilicates in the presence of Na₂O constituents, which alters the leaching behaviors of Al₂O₃ and SiO₂. It was confirmed that sodium aluminosilicates with different phase compositions synthesized at various roasting conditions were effectively digested in the alkaline digestion process. Under the optimum conditions at temperature of 100-120℃, liquid-to-solid ratio (L/S) of 10:2 mL/g, caustic ratio of 4, and Na₂O concentration of 240 g/L, the actual and relative digestion ratio of Al₂O₃ from the synthesized sodium aluminosilicates reached maximums of about 65% and 95%, respectively, while SiO₂ was barely leached out. To validate the superior digestion property of sodium aluminosilicate generated via an actual process, the Bayer digestion of an Al₂O₃-rich material derived from reductive roasting of bauxite and comprising Na_1.75Al_1.75Si_0.25O₄ was conducted; the relative digestion ratio of Al₂O₃ attained 90% at 200℃.     

基于传输贡献矩阵的城市路网节点重要性评估方法

 在城市道路中,通常采用交叉口流量或道路连接数等单一指标确定路口重要性,很难保证突发事件下道路网络运行的可靠性。鉴于城市道路网络的无标度特性,以交通阻抗为权重,将城市道路网络抽象为加权网络,提出节点重要度传输贡献矩阵方法,评估道路交叉口重要性。该方法综合考虑交叉口所处路网位置、道路连接数及关联路段交通阻抗,采用节点效率值表示其位置信息,通过融合节点度值和交通阻抗值,构建交通信息传播过程中节点之间的重要度关联,以表示相邻路口间重要性依赖关系。以天津市区域路网为例计算各交叉口重要度,采取连续移除重要节点方式,模拟连锁故障过程,并将结果与节点收缩法进行对比。实证分析表明：在移除最重要的8个节点后,路网最大连通子图规模较节点收缩法降低9.10%,验证了该方法的有效性。     

Mechanical behavior of a near α titanium alloy under dynamic compression: Characterization and modeling

Dynamic compression tests under strain rates from 870 s^?1 to 2100 s^?1 were conducted for a near α Ti–8Al–1Mo–1V titanium alloy with equiaxed microstructure. Compression behavior, adiabatic shearing and band microstructure were investigated via characterization and calculation. The results demonstrate that all dynamic constitutive curves exhibited obvious stress fluctuation phenomenon with double increase-decrease changing stages at the primary stage of compression. The dislocation multiplication theory can be used to explain this phenomenon. After the stress fluctuation period, work hardening coexisted with the thermal softening, resulting in the slow hardening tendency in constitutive curves. J-C model was utilized to quantify the dynamic constitutive curves. The deviations between the predicted and experimental curves under high strain rates may be attributed to the over-consideration of thermal softening effect in J-C model. Adiabatic shearing band (ASB) began to form under the strain rate of 2100 s^?1. A total shearing strain of 8.1 within ASB achieved in 8.9 μs, corresponding to a local strain rate of about 9.1 × 10⁵ s^?1 and is over 430 times of the macro strain rate. Post annealing was conducted on ASB before EBSD characterization. Due to the static recrystallization during annealing, the α phase within ASB generally presented as ultra-fine grains less than 1 μm in diameter.     

两阶段非线性Wiener过程退化建模与可靠性分析

基于性能退化数据对产品进行可靠性分析一直是可靠性工程领域研究的热点与难点。针对多阶段退化过程中存在的非线性规律,同时考虑变点位置位于测试时刻之间的一般情形且各试样变点存在个体差异性的实际情况,提出了基于Wiener过程的两阶段非线性退化模型,给出了模型参数极大似然估计方法,建立了可靠性分析和寿命预测方法。最后通过高压脉冲电容器实例的对比分析,验证了所提方法的合理性与有效性。结果表明,与多阶段线性Wiener过程方法相比,所提方法能够更加准确地描述退化过程的非线性时变特征,进而得到更为合理的寿命评估结果。     

数学软件与解析几何教学的有效整合

从转变教学形式、加强实验课时以及调整考核形式等方面,探讨了Mathematica与解析几何课程整合的一些措施,整合的实质即建设解析几何实验课程.     

加Ar权和Aλr权的H(o)lder型不等式

积分不等式用来估计积分值非常有力,利用权得到了广义H(o)lder不等式的推广:加Ar权和Aλr权的积分不等式,该不等式可被用来研究积分性质和用来估计积分值.     

试论知性德育在我国的兴起、贡献及其局限

本文回顾了我国的德育发展史,重点介绍了知性德育的引进及其地位的确立过程,肯定了知性德育的历史贡献,指出了其不足与局限,同时在一定程度上澄清了人们对知性德育的误解与误用,提出了应对知性德育进行重新认识和辩证对待的意见,以供德育决策者和实践者思考。     

基于REST的地理信息系统的开发与研究

通过REST的介绍和分析,提出了利用REST开发地理信息系统的问题。在开发时要充分利用API带来的便利;在性能方面,要利用缓存来提升用户体验。