环氧树脂胶粘剂粘结的Al2O3/Al层状复合材料

以环氧树脂胶粘剂为粘结剂,采用简单的常温模压方法,在5 MPa下经常温固化制备了Al2O3/Al层状复合陶瓷材料,考察了环氧树脂和固化剂质量比为1∶0.7、1∶0.8、1∶0.9和1∶1.0时胶粘剂的粘结强度.结果显示:当环氧树脂和固化剂的质量比为1∶0.8时,胶粘剂的粘结强度最大;在粘结接头中间添加不同表面研磨处理的铝薄片后,当进行单向研磨时环氧树脂胶粘剂的粘结强度较大.层状复合材料的显微结构显示,该复合材料的层间结合紧密;力学性能测试表明,该复合材料的抗弯强度虽比氧化铝稍低,但断裂韧性和断裂功得到了较大的提高,这得益于裂纹扩展过程中形成的多裂纹特征.     

烟草多酚提取工艺优化及成分定性分析

采用微波辅助技术提取烟草多酚,利用高效液相色谱-光电二级管阵列检测器-质谱联用技术(HPLC-PDA-MS)对烟草多酚主要组分进行定性分析.研究了微波功率、甲醇用量、提取时间和料液比对烟草多酚得率的影响.经响应面优化确定烟草多酚的微波提取条件为:53%甲醇,料液比为1∶11,微波功率为560 W,提取时间为70 s,在此条件下总多酚得率为22.38 mg/g(干重).HPLC-PDA-MS测定表明,烟草多酚的主要组分为绿原酸和芸香苷.     

基于555定时器的声光双控照明灯设计

本文提出一种基于555定时器的声光双控照明电路设计,该设计廉价可靠,可广泛应用于普通场所。     

Cell-specific ATP7A transport sustains copper-dependent tyrosinase activity in melanosomes

Copper is a cofactor for many cellular enzymes and transporters. It can be loaded onto secreted and endomembrane cuproproteins by translocation from the cytosol into membrane-bound organelles by ATP7A or ATP7B transporters, the genes for which are mutated in the copper imbalance syndromes Menkes disease and Wilson disease, respectively. Endomembrane cuproproteins are thought to incorporate copper stably on transit through the trans-Golgi network, in which ATP7A accumulates by dynamic cycling through early endocytic compartments. Here we show that the pigment-cell-specific cuproenzyme tyrosinase acquires copper only transiently and inefficiently within the trans-Golgi network of mouse melanocytes. To catalyse melanin synthesis, tyrosinase is subsequently reloaded with copper within specialized organelles called melanosomes. Copper is supplied to melanosomes by ATP7A, a cohort of which localizes to melanosomes in a biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex-1 (BLOC-1)-dependent manner. These results indicate that cell-type-specific localization of a metal transporter is required to sustain metallation of an endomembrane cuproenzyme, providing a mechanism for exquisite spatial control of metalloenzyme activity. Moreover, because BLOC-1 subunits are mutated in subtypes of the genetic disease Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome, these results also show that defects in copper transporter localization contribute to hypopigmentation, and hence perhaps other systemic defects, in Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome.     

大学生人文教育的认识与实践

弘扬人文精神,强化人文教育,提高大学生人文素质是社会主义精神文明建设和发展社会主义先进文化的需要;是培养新世纪高质量人才的需要;是新时期建立健全完整的价值观体系的需要。考察和分析中国大学人文教育的现状,可以看出强化人文教育的现实必要性和迫切性。其途径主要有:贯穿以人为本的发展主线;改革教学内容和课程体系;提高教师的人文素质;积极营造良好的校园文化氛围;注重学生的社会实践。     

Effects of cutoff thresholds for minor allele frequencies on HapMap resolution: A real dataset-based evaluation of the Chinese Han and Tibetan populations

Genomic variation is the genetic basis of phenotypic diversity among individuals, including variation in disease susceptibility and drug response. The greatest promise of the International HapMap is to provide roadmaps for identifying genetic variants predisposing to complex diseases. Single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） is the fundamental element of the HapMap. Allele frequency of SNPs is one of the major factors affecting the resulting HapMap, being the factor upon which linkage disequilibrium （LD） is calculated, haplotypes are constructed, and tagging SNPs （tagSNPs） are selected. The cutoff thresholds for the frequency of minor alleles used in the making of the map therefore have profound effects on the resolution of that map. To date most researchers have adopted their own cutoff thresh- olds, and there has been little real dataset-based evaluation of the effects of different cutoff thresholds on HapMap resolution. In an attempt to assess the implications of different cutoff values, we analyzed our own data for the centromeric genes on Chromosome 15 in Chinese Han and Tibetan populations, with respect to minor allele frequency cutoff values of 〉0.01 （0.01 group）, 〉0.05 （0.05 group）, and 〉0.10 （0.10 group）, and constructed HapMaps from each of the datasets. The resolution, study power and cost-effectiveness for each of the maps were compared. Our results show that the 0.01 threshold provides the greatest power （P= 0.019 in Han and P= 0.029 in Tibetan for 0.01 vs. 0.05 threshold） and de- tects most population-specific haploypes （P= 0.012 for 0.01 vs. 0.05 threshold）. However, in the regions studied, the 0.05 cutoff threshold did not significantly increase power above the 0.10 threshold （P = 0.191 in Han; 1.000 in Tibetans）, and did not improve resolution over the 0.10 value for population- specific haplotypes （P= 0.592） neither. Furthermore the 0.05 and 0.10 values produced the same figures for tagging efficiency, LD block number, LD length, study power and cost-savings in the Tibetan population. These results suggest that a lower cutoff value is more appropriate for studies in which population-specific haplotypes are crucial, and that the most appropriate cutoff value may differ between populations. Due to the limited genes studied in this project more studies should be conducted to further address this important issue.     

粘土固化剂防渗在芦洞水库中的应用

以芦洞水库大坝除险加固工程为实例,介绍了粘土固化剂防渗墙在土坝加固中的应用。粘土固化剂防渗施工在萍乡属于首例,该方案施工机械简单、造价低,能确保工程质量。     

转基因植物中外源基因的沉默

在转基因植物中外源基因不能正常表达,呈失活状态的现象称为基因沉默。造成基因沉默的因素主要有插入位置、重复序列和甲基化。基因沉默一般可以归为转录水平和转录后水平上。外源基因沉默阻碍了植物转基因技术在生产上广泛应用,根据对大量转基因植物的分析和研究,人们提出了造成基因沉默的可能机制,如ＲｄＲＰ－ｃＲＮＡ模型、ＲＮＡ阈值模型以及ＲｄＤＭ模型等。深入了解外源基因沉默的机制以提高基因表达效率,是顺利开展植物     

合成推理的插值实现

在对采用合成推理规则进行模糊推理的机制进行分析的基础上 ,给出了利用插值法也可以得到相同结果的原理 .在此基础上用实际例子说明了采用插值法实现合成推理的方法 ,结果表明采用插值法可以等效地实现合成推理 .     

鱼露外加酶工艺的探讨

通过对鱼露外加酸发酵及自然发酵过程中氨基态氮、挥发性盐基氨的分析，可比较出鱼露在外加酶发酵及自然发酵过程中的成分变化．以市售优质天然鱼露作对照，检测外加酶鱼露产品的氨基酸及多肽的组成，得出了外加酶发酵的意义．