Antioxidant survey to assess antagonism to redox stress using a prokaryotic and an eukaryotic system

Using a prokaryote (Escherichia coli) and a metazoa-resembling eukaryote (Ochromonas danica), we surveyed antioxidants which might overcome redox stress imposed by menadione sodium bisulphite (MD) and buthionine sulphoximine (BSO). BSO oxidant stress was evident only inO. danica; MD oxidant stress was evident in both organisms. Glutathione, its precursors, e.g. cysteine, homocysteine, and 2-oxo-4-thiazolidine carboxylic acid, and red blood cells, emerged as prime antioxidants for relieving BSO and MD oxidant stress. BSO and MD oxidant activity and antioxidant-annulling effect inO. danica were judged comparable to those found in animal cells whereas the resultsE. coli were not entirely equivalent. TheO. danica system emerged as a practical, rapid, and useful system for pinpointing oxidant stressors and antioxidants, and shows promise for studies with mammalian systems.     

(−)-Epigallocatechin gallate,a polyphenolic tea antioxidant,inhibits peroxynitritemediated formation of 8-oxodeoxyguanosine and 3-nitrotyrosine

Reaction with peroxynitrite at pH 7.4 and 37°C was found to increase the 8-oxodeoxyguanosine levels in calf thymus DNA 35-38-fold. This oxidation of deoxyguanosine, as well as the peroxynitrite-mediated nitration of tyrosine to 3-nitrotyrosine, was significantly inhibited by ascorbic acid, glutathione and (–)-epigallocatechin gallate, a polyphenolic antioxidant present in tea. For 50% inhibition of the oxidation of deoxyguanosine to 8-oxodeoxyguanosine, 1.1, 7.6 of 0.25 mM ascorbate, glutathione or (–)-epigallocatechin gallate, respectively, was required. For 50% inhibition of tyrosine nitration, the respective concentrations were 1.4, 4.6 or 0.11 mM. Thus, (–)-epigallocatechin gallate is a significantly better inhibitor of both reactions than either ascorbate or glutathione. Reaction of (–)-epigallocatechin gallate with peroxynitrite alone resulted in the formation of a number of products. Ultraviolet spectra of two of these suggest that the tea polyphenol and/or its oxidation products are nitrated by peroxynitrite.     

数字通信系统 第三版

本书全面介绍了数字通信系统的理论和实际应用方法，并且包含了在数字信号传输中需要运用的关于设计、实现和测试的最新方法和技术。此书介绍的基本技术有：纠错码、多路复用、数字调制、数字用户线路、电缆调制、移动无线网络、城域网和光纤网络。新的工业标准有：声音／视频编码、SONET/SDH、DWDM、ATM、宽带无线网、网络同步和网络管理。每一章节后都有评述和参考文献和大量习题（无答案）。     

流动注射化学发光自动监测盐酸氯丙嗪片的体外溶出度

建立了一种简单而灵敏的流动注射化学发光体系连续自动监测盐酸氯丙嗪片溶出度的方法，并对Ce(SO4)2盐酸氯丙嗪化学发光体系的适宜反应条件和主要影响因素进行了讨论．测定了三种不同来源的盐酸氯丙嗪片的溶出度，结果与药典标准方法测得值一致、体系具有稳定性好、灵敏度高、简单、方便和大动态测量范围，能便捷地在线监测盐酸氯丙嗪片的溶出全过程。     

含朱砂中成药中锌、镉、钴、镍的薄层扫描色谱测定

应用金属螯合物-薄层扫描色谱技术，研究建立了中药中锌、镉、钴、镍测定的新方法．本法操作简单，灵敏度高．应用于含朱砂中成药牛黄清心片、天王补心九中锌、镉、钴、镍的可溶态、有机态、无机态含量及总量的测定．与原子吸收光谱法测定结果相吻合．平均回收率分别为98．43％、103．5％、104．5％、98，65．     

基于TCP/IP的局域安保监视系统

实现一个由ZR36060完成图像编解码，CS8900芯片实现TCP／IP协议，完成数据传榆，单片机则完成数据的调度、管理，对各部件的初始化和控制，完全不依赖复杂的实时操作系统，仅依靠单片机自身的监控系统和部分自主开发的应用软件，即可实现一个瘦客户型的局域安保监视系统。     

Localization of a Robotic Capsule for GI Motility Inspection with a Portable Ultrasonic System

IntroductionResearchesonmicromedicaldeviceandmicromedicalrobot,especiallytheinvivoinspectionsystemworkinginalimentarycanalorinbloodvesselwithlittledamageornondamagetohumanbodyhavebeenundertakenandreportedbyexpertsinmanycountries.Thesesystemsusuallyownmanyadvantagessuchas:smallvolume,lowpowerconsumption,littleinterferencetoworkingsurroundings,socangreatlyenlargethescopesofmedicalexaminationandrelievethepatientsofdiscomfortcausedbynormalprocedures.Thecapsuleendoscope“NORIKAsystem”developedby…     

家庭装潢中水管的选择

在室内装潢方面，人们较注重室内布局和装饰，而对给水管道则极少关注．应引起足够的重视。在建筑给水系统中由新型塑料管材替代金属管材已成为趋势。所以，室内给水管应选用新型塑料管材，并且应根据新型塑料管材的特点进行施工。确保给水系统的安装质量。     

Dynamic Dominating Set and Turbo-Charging Greedy Heuristics

The main purpose of this paper is to exposit two very different, but very general, motivational schemes in the art of parameterization and a concrete example connecting them. We introduce a dynamic version of the DOMINATING SET problem and prove that it is fixed-parameter tractable（FPT）. The problem is motivated by settings where problem instances evolve. It also arises in the quest to improve a natural greedy heuristic for the DOMINATING SET problem.     

Spawning behaviour of Engystomops pustulatus (Anura: Leptodactylidae)

Foam nests have evolved independently in several amphibian groups as an adaptive response to prevent predation and desiccation in dry environments. Nests are normally laid on ponds, or in underground galleries, humid forest leaf litter or terrestrial bromeliads. They are built when males or females beat a foam precursor associated with the egg masses extruded by the female. The spawning process requires the synchronic actions of the mating pair to obtain a hemispheric nest that protects the offspring. Herein, we describe the spawning behaviour of Engystomops pustulatus based on videos from 13 nesting couples from the lowlands of western Ecuador. Three variables were measured as indicators of male effort: duration of mixing events, duration of resting periods, and number of kicks per mixing event. We consider that not only male physical effort but also female behaviour influences nest structure. We suggest that nest building requires prolonged and intense physical activity by the male as well as the female’s steady position during spawning and female’s oviposition site selection. Nest building has two phases. In the first phase, the duration of resting periods, the duration of mixing events, and the number of kicks increase and are highly variable. During the second phase the three variables stabilise until the end. The volume of the nest increased mainly during the second phase. In four nesting events we observed kicking movements by the female. To our knowledge, this is the first time that female kicking has been observed in leptodactylid frogs. The function of this behaviour is unknown but our observations suggest that it may be triggered by insufficient male effort. Traditionally, female mate choice in Engystomops has been explained under models of indirect benefits exclusively. We argue that the prolonged male activity during nesting could influence female fitness directly. This will allow the operation of sexual selection via direct benefits.