Expression of a transposable antibiotic resistance element in Saccharomyces

Some eukaryotic genes can be expressed in bacteria but there are few examples of the expression of prokaryotic genes in eukaryotes. Antibiotic G418 is a 2-deoxystreptamine antibiotic that is structurally related to gentamicin but has inhibitory activity against a much wider variety of pro- and eukaryotic organisms. In bacteria, resistance to G418 can be determined by several plasmid-encoded modifiying enzymes and, in view of the broad spectrum of activity of G418, we considered that this antibiotic might be useful as a selective agent for the introduction of these antibiotic resistance genes into a eukaryotic organism such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Additional impetus for these experiments came from the knowledge that certain of the G418-resistance determinants in bacteria are carried on transposable elements; a study of the properties of these elements in eukaryotes would be intriguing.     

Antagonism by deoxyribosides of the inhibitory action of certain hydroxamic acids on deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis

Résumé L'action inhibitrice de l'hydroxyurée (HU) sur une synthèse de DNA peut être antagonisée par des déoxyribosides (dR). De même, un mélange de déoxyadénosine, de déoxyguanosine, et de déoxycytidine annule complètement l'action de l'acide oxanyl hydroxamique (OHA) et inverse, en partie, les effets de l'acide salicylhydroxamique (SHA) et de l'acide (dihydroxybenzoyl-2.3)-hydroxamique (DHB). Lorsqu'on ajoute de la thymidine à une solution de dR, le schéma général d'antagonisme est similaire. De plus, en présence des quatre dR, l'action de l'acétoxyoxamide (AOA) est en partie antagonisée. Il a été conclu que ces acides hydroxamiques, comme l'HU, interviennent, à un degré plus ou moins grand, avec réduction des ribosides.

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Aided by grant No. GM-13958 from the National Institutes of Health, United States Public Health Service.     

Reduced foetal calcium without skeletal malformations in rats following high maternal doses of a strontium salt

Zusammenfassung nachweis, dass hohe Strontiumkonzentrationen die Kalzifikation der, Knochen neugeborener Mäuse, und diejenige in Knochengewebskulturen hemmen. Im Gegensatz dazu und zu anderen knochenaffinen metallen wirkt Strontiumnitrat in Dosen von25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, verabreicht während des 9. bis 19. Trächtigkeitstages, bei Ratten nicht teratogen.

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We are indebted to Mr.K. L. Murray of the Government Chemist's Laboratory for analyzing tissue samples by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. We are also grateful toDr. R. F. Crampton, Director of BIBRA, for his interest and advice in this work.