基于学生自治模式下体育社团建设浅析

大学生的自治管理是指学生在学校、学院教学目标指导下根据教育目的和培养目标的要求，运用现代科学教育的管理方法，对自己的思想和行为进行自我调节、自我约束和自我控制的过程，是学生提高自我认识和自觉行为习惯、品质养成和自我奋发精神培养的过程。学校培养志向高远、基础扎实、体魄强健、心境恬美，具有创新精神和国际视野的复合型、应用型人才。而体育之于“志向高远、体魄强健、心境恬美”至关重要；学生自治模式开展学生课余运动是学生工作的一项重要内容。     

转移过程对CVD生长的石墨烯质量的影响

利用化学气象沉淀法(CVD)在金属衬底上生长的石墨烯制备电子器件需要先把石墨烯转移到绝缘基底上,转移过程对器件制备的成功率和性能的均匀性有重要影响.转移过程中导致的石墨烯破损和金属生长基底残余颗粒污染受到普遍重视,然而由金属基底腐蚀液导致的石墨烯表面污染还没有引起足够的重视.本文利用拉曼光谱和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)证明了转移过程中金属基底腐蚀液会在石墨烯表面引入污染,利用我们发展的"改良的RCA(radio corporation of America)清洗(modified RCA clean)"转移工艺能够有效地去除这种污染.这对提高后续制备的电子器件的性能有重要意义.     

论电气工程项目管理模式的创新

在市场竞争日益激烈的大背景下,如何采用与时俱进的思想,不断创新工程项目的管理模式,提升综合管理水平,成为了众多电力企业管理者亟待解决的问题。基于上述原因,该文采用归纳总结的策略,对传统电力工程项目的管理模式及其弊端进行了总结,在此基础上,对一些创新性的电力工程项目管理模式及进行了应用分析,以期为我国电力工程企业管理效益的提升给出些许参考。     

钻孔灌注桩施工过程监理的控制

以西安绿地中心A座桩基工程实体为例,通过对钻孔灌注桩的事前监理、事中监理的工作细节和重点进行了阐述,并对监理工作的成效进行了总结,以供类似工程施工质量监理参考。     

关于太平洋安全的中欧对话：展望太平洋：看得到合作的希望吗？

太平洋地区正呈现出紧张局势，这不仅体现在关键的中美关系上，而且也体现在中国与其东部和南中国海周边国家的关系上。正如白宫、美国外交部和五角大楼在2012年初正式宣布且具体实施的那样，美国注意力、行动和军力分配向太平洋地区的“再平衡”战略转移，及此战略背后的真实意图，都引起北京方面的关注。中国担心，美国从大西洋到太平洋的整体“战略转移”，     

浅谈初中历史教学中学生自主学习能力的培养

传统教学观把学习简单看成是知识由外到内的输入过程.教学就是要把结论告诉学生,让他们理解了,记忆下来,从而在以后需要的时候可以提取出来加以应用.     

Bypassing genomic imprinting allows seed development

In developing progeny of mammals the two parental genomes are differentially expressed according to imprinting marks, and embryos with only a uniparental genetic contribution die. Gene expression that is dependent on the parent of origin has also been observed in the offspring of flowering plants, and mutations in the imprinting machinery lead to embryonic lethality, primarily affecting the development of the endosperm-a structure in the seed that nourishes the embryo, analogous to the function of the mammalian placenta. Here we have generated Arabidopsis thaliana seeds in which the endosperm is of uniparental, that is, maternal, origin. We demonstrate that imprinting in developing seeds can be bypassed and viable albeit smaller seedlings can develop from seeds lacking a paternal contribution to the endosperm. Bypassing is only possible if the mother is mutant for any of the FIS-class genes, which encode Polycomb group chromatin-modifying factors. Thus, these data provide functional evidence that the action of the FIS complex balances the contribution of the paternal genome. As flowering plants have evolved a special reproduction system with a parallel fusion of two female with two male gametes, our findings support the hypothesis that only with the evolution of double fertilization did the action of the FIS genes become a requirement for seed development. Furthermore, our data argue for a gametophytic origin of endosperm in flowering plants, thereby supporting a hypothesis raised in 1900 by Eduard Strasburger.     

Chiral magnetic order at surfaces driven by inversion asymmetry

Chirality is a fascinating phenomenon that can manifest itself in subtle ways, for example in biochemistry (in the observed single-handedness of biomolecules) and in particle physics (in the charge-parity violation of electroweak interactions). In condensed matter, magnetic materials can also display single-handed, or homochiral, spin structures. This may be caused by the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, which arises from spin-orbit scattering of electrons in an inversion-asymmetric crystal field. This effect is typically irrelevant in bulk metals as their crystals are inversion symmetric. However, low-dimensional systems lack structural inversion symmetry, so that homochiral spin structures may occur. Here we report the observation of magnetic order of a specific chirality in a single atomic layer of manganese on a tungsten (110) substrate. Spin-polarized scanning tunnelling microscopy reveals that adjacent spins are not perfectly antiferromagnetic but slightly canted, resulting in a spin spiral structure with a period of about 12 nm. We show by quantitative theory that this chiral order is caused by the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction and leads to a left-rotating spin cycloid. Our findings confirm the significance of this interaction for magnets in reduced dimensions. Chirality in nanoscale magnets may play a crucial role in spintronic devices, where the spin rather than the charge of an electron is used for data transmission and manipulation. For instance, a spin-polarized current flowing through chiral magnetic structures will exert a spin-torque on the magnetic structure, causing a variety of excitations or manipulations of the magnetization and giving rise to microwave emission, magnetization switching, or magnetic motors.     

Human CtIP promotes DNA end resection

In the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle, DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are processed into single-stranded DNA, triggering ATR-dependent checkpoint signalling and DSB repair by homologous recombination. Previous work has implicated the MRE11 complex in such DSB-processing events. Here, we show that the human CtIP (RBBP8) protein confers resistance to DSB-inducing agents and is recruited to DSBs exclusively in the S and G2 cell-cycle phases. Moreover, we reveal that CtIP is required for DSB resection, and thereby for recruitment of replication protein A (RPA) and the protein kinase ATR to DSBs, and for the ensuing ATR activation. Furthermore, we establish that CtIP physically and functionally interacts with the MRE11 complex, and that both CtIP and MRE11 are required for efficient homologous recombination. Finally, we reveal that CtIP has sequence homology with Sae2, which is involved in MRE11-dependent DSB processing in yeast. These findings establish evolutionarily conserved roles for CtIP-like proteins in controlling DSB resection, checkpoint signalling and homologous recombination.     

South-polar features on Venus similar to those near the north pole

Venus has no seasons, slow rotation and a very massive atmosphere, which is mainly carbon dioxide with clouds primarily of sulphuric acid droplets. Infrared observations by previous missions to Venus revealed a bright 'dipole' feature surrounded by a cold 'collar' at its north pole. The polar dipole is a 'double-eye' feature at the centre of a vast vortex that rotates around the pole, and is possibly associated with rapid downwelling. The polar cold collar is a wide, shallow river of cold air that circulates around the polar vortex. One outstanding question has been whether the global circulation was symmetric, such that a dipole feature existed at the south pole. Here we report observations of Venus' south-polar region, where we have seen clouds with morphology much like those around the north pole, but rotating somewhat faster than the northern dipole. The vortex may extend down to the lower cloud layers that lie at about 50 km height and perhaps deeper. The spectroscopic properties of the clouds around the south pole are compatible with a sulphuric acid composition.