The S-locus receptor kinase is inhibited by thioredoxins and activated by pollen coat proteins

The self-incompatibility response in Brassica allows recognition and rejection of self-pollen by the stigmatic papillae. The transmembrane S-locus receptor kinase (SRK), a member of the receptor-like kinase superfamily in plants, mediates recognition of self-pollen on the female side, whereas the S-locus cysteine-rich protein (SCR) is the male component of the self-incompatibility response. SCR is presumably located in the pollen coat, and is thought to be the SRK ligand. Although many receptor-like kinases have been isolated in plants, the mechanisms of signal transduction mediated by these molecules remain largely unknown. Here we show that SRK is phosphorylated in vivo within one hour of self-pollination. We also show that, in vitro, autophosphorylation of SRK is prevented by the stigma thioredoxin THL1 in the absence of a ligand. This inhibition is released in a haplotype-specific manner by the addition of pollen coat proteins. Our data indicate that SRK is inhibited by thioredoxins and activated by pollen coat proteins.     

Blood plasma investigations by resonance raman spectroscopy: Detection of carotenoid pigments

Summary Using Raman spectroscopy, we demonstrate that low levels of -carotene, lycopene, and xanthophyll give rise to resonance enhanced bands in blood plasma. These results explain the significance of previously unidentified spectral maxima which have been related to the state of health of the blood donor.     

Mating patterns of virgin and inseminatedDrosophila melanogaster of different alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh) genotypes

Summary Female choice mating experiments showed virgin femaleD. melanogaster of the 3Adh genotypes chose heterozygous (Adh ^F /Adh ^S ) males most commonly. Inseminated females chose mates randomly, but the likelihood of a female remating was genotypically dependent.Acknowledgment. Financial support was provided by the Australian Research Grants Commitee.     

Mutations in the RNA exosome component gene EXOSC3 cause pontocerebellar hypoplasia and spinal motor neuron degeneration

RNA exosomes are multi-subunit complexes conserved throughout evolution and are emerging as the major cellular machinery for processing, surveillance and turnover of a diverse spectrum of coding and noncoding RNA substrates essential for viability. By exome sequencing, we discovered recessive mutations in EXOSC3 (encoding exosome component 3) in four siblings with infantile spinal motor neuron disease, cerebellar atrophy, progressive microcephaly and profound global developmental delay, consistent with pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 1 (PCH1; MIM 607596). We identified mutations in EXOSC3 in an additional 8 of 12 families with PCH1. Morpholino knockdown of exosc3 in zebrafish embryos caused embryonic maldevelopment, resulting in small brain size and poor motility, reminiscent of human clinical features, and these defects were largely rescued by co-injection with wild-type but not mutant exosc3 mRNA. These findings represent the first example of an RNA exosome core component gene that is responsible for a human disease and further implicate dysregulation of RNA processing in cerebellar and spinal motor neuron maldevelopment and degeneration.     

共轭梯度法应用于解电磁场的散射和辐射问题

本文将共轭梯度法(CGM)应用于电大尺度(几个波长以))的散射和辐射问题的矩量法中.在二维、TM 情况下,对于用列表法有效地实现节约内贮作了比较详细的讨论;通过多个典型例子加以说明,并和传统方法进行了比较,归纳出应用CGM 的长处和存在的问题.在此基础上,将CGM 应用于解决散射体内部谐振对外影响的边界扩展中,并通过实例加以说明.