基于模型缩聚-频响函数型模型修正的子结构损伤识别方法

由于大型复杂结构参数识别困难,提出将频响函数型模型修正方法与子结构方法结合进行损伤识别。构造一个关于损伤频响函数的优化方程。通过子结构有限元模型向损伤后频响函数修正的过程,识别损伤参数。以一个三层平面刚架为数值算例,计算结果表明该算法对损伤参数较为敏感,识别精度较高,可以准确识别出预设的子结构损伤单元和损伤程度。     

基于GA-SVM算法永磁同步直线电机变载荷进给位置误差预测

针对永磁同步直线电机精密进给过程中,受到齿槽效应、端部效应及摩擦力扰动等非线性因素的影响,位置误差难以预测问题,提出了一种基于遗传算法(GA)优化支持向量机(SVM)算法永磁直线电机变载荷位置误差预测模型的方法。通过测量各种情况下永磁直线电机在运动过程中的位置变化情况,利用遗传算法优化支持向量机算法建立预测模型。该模型采用实验台运行的正弦轨迹数据为训练样本,三角波轨迹数据为测试样本。选取各种情形的正弦波轨迹数据和三角波轨迹数据进行仿真预测和验证。以各种情况的正弦波信号的指令位置、指令速度和电流作为模型的输入,以三角波信号的位置误差作为输出。结果表明,经过遗传算法优化支持向量机建立的位置误差预测模型,在拟合和预测精度上要优于未经过算法优化的位置误差预测模型。     

Hydrogen absorption behavior of TA15 alloy

The hydrogen absorption kinetics of TA15 titanium alloy at 973–1123 K was studied using a tube-type hydrogen treatment furnace. The hydrogen absorption kinetic curves obtained were analyzed according to a series of mechanism equations to reveal the kinetic parameters and mechanism of the hydrogen absorption process. The results show that both the hydrogen absorption rate and the equilibrium hydrogen pressure increase and the time to reach equilibrium is shortened with increasing temperature. It is found that only the second hydrogen absorption period exists in the hydrogen absorption process of TA15 alloy between 973 and 1123 K, and the activation energy is 54.889 kJ/mol for hydrogen absorption. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results demonstrate that δ hydride forms between 973 and 1123 K, and β phase decreases with the increase of temperature. Orthorhombic α″ martensite is generated at 1073-1123 K, and their amount increases with increasing temperature.     

Algorithm for repairing the damaged images of grain structures obtained from the cellular automata and measurement of grain size

Computational models are developed to create grain structures using mathematical algorithms based on the chaos theory such as cellular automaton, geometrical models, fractals, and stochastic methods. Because of the chaotic nature of grain structures, some of the most popular routines are based on the Monte Carlo method, statistical distributions, and random walk methods, which can be easily programmed and included in nested loops. Nevertheless, grain structures are not well defined as the results of computational errors and numerical inconsistencies on mathematical methods. Due to the finite definition of numbers or the numerical restrictions during the simulation of solidification, damaged images appear on the screen. These images must be repaired to obtain a good measurement of grain geometrical properties. Some mathematical algorithms were developed to repair, measure, and characterize grain structures obtained from cellular automata in the present work. An appropriate measurement of grain size and the corrected identification of interfaces and length are very important topics in materials science because they are the representation and validation of mathematical models with real samples. As a result, the developed algorithms are tested and proved to be appropriate and efficient to eliminate the errors and characterize the grain structures.     

Thermoelectric effect of silicon films prepared by aluminum-induced crystallization

Aluminum-induced crystallized silicon films were prepared on glass substrates by magnetron sputtering. Aluminum was added in the silicon films intermittently by the regular pulse sputtering of an aluminum target. The amount of aluminum in the silicon films can be controlled by regulating the aluminum sputtering power and the sputtering time of the undoped silicon layer; thus, the Seebeck coefficient and electrical resistivity of the polycrystalline silicon films can be adjusted. It is found that, when the sputtering power ratio of aluminum to silicon is 16%, both the Seebeck coefficient and the electrical resistivity decrease with the increasing amount of aluminum as expected; the Seebeck coefficient and the electrical resistivity at room temperature are 0.185-0.285 mV/K and 0.30-2.4 Ω·cm, respectively. By reducing the sputtering power ratio to 7%, however, the Seebeck coefficient does not change much, though the electrical resistivity still decreases with the amount of aluminum increasing; the Seebeck coefficient and electrical resistivity at room temperature are 0.219-0.263 mV/K and 0.26-0.80 Ω·cm, respectively.     

钨合金精密磨削砂轮磨损及对表面质量的影响机制

为了满足钨合金零件的高精度和高完整性表面加工需求,实现钨合金磨削质量的控制和加工工艺的优化,通过分析砂轮磨粒种类和结合剂类型对砂轮磨损形式的关系,明确了超硬磨料砂轮在钨合金磨削加工中的优势.研究了磨粒粒度和磨削参数对钨合金磨削加工质量的影响规律,为制定合理的磨削工艺提供依据.通过磨削试验获得钨合金高精度和高完整性表面磨削加工工艺.研究结果表明,钨合金磨削过程中砂轮易磨损,超硬磨料砂轮更适合钨合金的磨削加工.金属结合剂金刚石砂轮在钨合金磨削加工的表面质量和加工精度方面表现出优越性.通过改进磨削参数,钨合金精密磨削后表面粗糙度可达18.9 nm,实现了镜面磨削效果.     

饱和粉质黏土地基土中地下结构浮力折减系数

由于对饱和粉质黏土地基的浮力折减系数存在很大的争议,采用一套渗流路径完整、能够消除侧壁摩阻力及基底负压力并且可以准确判断内箱起浮瞬间的浮力测量系统,对粉质黏土中的模型箱底部总压力以及孔隙水压力进行测试,得到其折减系数为0.744.采用数值模拟软件COMSOL Multiphysics模拟得到的粉质黏土折减系数为0.754,与实验结果相差无几.运用线性回归方法建立粉质黏土折减系数的三元线性回归方程,对方程中自变量进行共线性诊断,剔除自变量中干密度与孔隙率,最终确定红砂岩和粉质黏土折减系数只与渗透系数有关.     

基于实体用户界面的智能手机直觉化交互方式

以智能终端上的交互方式为研究内容,针对智能手机的有形实体交互问题,提出智能手机上的直觉化视窗式交互方法,解决移动终端上由于沿用桌面式图形用户界面交互范式而造成的操作低效与不便的问题,设计并实现了一种基于实体用户界面的手机读图系统Emagn,最后通过实验验证了该方法在交互效率与认知上较传统触摸手势交互方法均有所提高。     

深孔预裂对初采面老顶极限跨距的影响研究

初采工作面老顶大多强度高、厚度大、完整性好,回采期间易造成悬顶距离较大,给安全生产带来隐患.为防治初采面老顶大面积悬顶产生的一系列问题,初采前在切眼处布置预裂炮孔,利用深孔预裂的方法破坏老顶的完整性,达到减小老顶来压强度和极限跨距的目的.本研究依据老顶岩梁的力学模型特点,从理论上比较深孔预裂前后老顶步距变化情况,发现采用深孔预裂后老顶极限跨距是未处理老顶极限跨距的0.82倍,经与潞安集团常村矿应用现场实测数据对照,具有较好的一致性.从理论和实测数据可知,深孔预裂能减小老顶极限跨距.     

基于ArcEngine的公安视频监控网络算法设计与实现

为了解决公安视频监控网络中视频实时动态显示、查询与播放问题,以Visual Basic.NET、Ar-cEngine和Access为平台,在构建视频网络框架的基础上,对网络拓扑算法和网络最短路径算法进行了设计,通过构建空间数据库和网络数据集,实现了网络分析和视频实时查询和播放,提高了视频监控的空间化和可视化程度.