多时滞不确定系统的保成本H∞鲁棒控制

为提高复杂多时滞不确定系统的动态性能，设计了一种具有H∞干扰抑制的保成本鲁棒控制器．利用构造的Lyapunov函数和Schur补性质，证明并给出了保成本H。鲁棒控制器存在的一个充分条件，进而将充分条件转化为标准的线性矩阵不等式形式，给出了控制器设计方法．采用该设计方法设计的控制器使闭环系统对所有时滞和不确定性是正则的，无脉冲，鲁棒具有更好的稳定性，满足给定的H∞范数指标，且满足成本上界约束条件．数值仿真结果表明，所设计的控制器对时滞和不确定参数变化都具有鲁棒性，同时系统对干扰具有很强的抑制能力．     

天然岛状地及其在生态建设中的意义

以岛屿生物地理学和景观生态学为理论基础,提出了天然岛状地的界定.根据天然岛状地随时间演变或比例尺变换后的演变模式可将天然岛状地分为孤岛型、群岛型、环型、半环型、弧型和直线型6类,根据其演变面积的大小可将其分为纯天然、准天然、半天然、弱天然岛状地4类,从而反观人类活动对土地利用的方向和强度,并以中国北方草地与农牧交错带为案例,分析了天然林岛状地的空间分布格局,剖析了天然岛状地研究对于生态建设的意义.     

大学实验中引入情境教学初探

阐明了情境教学的含义,分析了国内高校大学化学实验课程中存的在问题,通过教学实践,指出了情境创设的途径,提出了一些可操作性建议.     

一种新型微机械热导压力敏感器及其数值模拟

本文研究了一种新型微机械ＣＭＯＳ热导压力敏感器。其压力测量范围是０．００１－１００ Ｔｏｒｒ。整个量程范围内，多晶硅热敏电阻相对变化（即灵敏度）优於３０％。为使敏感器结构性能优化，我们首次开发了一软件包对器件热电性能进行数值模拟。三维模拟问题被简化为两个２－Ｄ模拟，并将由稳态能量平衡得到的方程组离散化用非线性Ｇａｕｓｓ－Ｓｅｉｄｅｌ算法迭代求解。器件敏度的模拟结果和实验值相吻合。文中还对温度分布进     

新型CO_2气敏元件的研究

利用纳米技术和半导化技术,制备了ＣｕＯＢａＴｉＯ３ 复合氧化物电子陶瓷电容型ＣＯ２ 气敏元件,该元件可用于环境中ＣＯ２ 气体的监测．该元件在１２７ ～４７７ ℃范围,对ＣＯ２ 气体呈现较好的敏感特性;可测气体浓度范围０ ～９５ ％（ 体积分数,下同）,在低浓度范围（０～５％ ）内,电容与浓度呈线性关系;能经受高浓度ＣＯ２ 气流的冲击,有较快的响应恢复速度;重现性和选择性较好;是一种很有发展前途的ＣＯ２ 气敏元件．     

线性激光位移传感器的结构优化设计

根据被测物体的表面反射模型,采用光线追踪法对用于自由曲面数字化的线性激光位移传感器进行了计算机仿真,利用复合形法进行了传感器结构参数优化,使用单片球面透镜替代非球面透镜获得了较好的线性关系。实验表明,采用该方法可以缩小传感的结构尺寸、提高精度,降低成本。     

Observation of ligand effects during alkene hydrogenation catalysed by supported metal clusters

Homogeneous organometallic catalysts and many enzymes activate reactants through coordination to metal atoms; that is, the reactants are turned into ligands and their reactivity controlled through other ligands in the metal's coordination sphere. In the case of supported metal clusters, catalytic performance is influenced by the support and by adsorbed reactants, intermediates or products. The adsorbates are usually treated as ligands, whereas the influence of the supports is usually ascribed to electronic interactions, even though metal clusters supported on oxides and zeolites form chemical bonds to support oxygen atoms. Here we report direct observations of the structure of supported metal clusters consisting of four iridium atoms, and the identification of hydrocarbon ligands bound to them during propene hydrogenation. We find that propene and molecular hydrogen form propylidyne and hydride ligands, respectively, whereas simultaneous exposure of the reactants to the supported iridium cluster yields ligands that are reactive intermediates during the catalytic propane-formation reaction. These intermediates weaken the bonding within the tetrahedral iridium cluster and the interactions between the cluster and the support, while replacement of the MgO support with gamma-Al2O3 boosts the catalytic activity tenfold, by affecting the bonding between the reactant-derived ligands and the cluster and therefore also the abundance of individual ligands. This interplay between the support and the reactant-derived ligands, whereby each influences the interaction of the metal cluster with the other, shows that the catalytic properties of supported metal catalysts can be tuned by careful choice of their supports.     

列车动载对采空区稳定性影响

为研究列车动载荷对采空区稳定性的影响.概化运行列车和采空区顶板力学模型,分析采空区顶板在以一定速度运动的常力作用下的运动方程,用移动的恒定载荷模拟理想情况下运行列车对采空区顶板及地表的作用过程,进行动力有限元分析.结果表明:与不受外部载荷影响条件下相比,在列车动载荷作用下,地表最大竖向位移和煤柱所承受的最大压应力都有大幅增加,并随着列车的前行最大值逐渐增大,且相应向前移动,列车运行到采空区中部达到最大,然后随着列车的前行最大值开始逐渐减小.     

广西产白花前胡挥发油化学成分研究

用毛细管气相色谱、气相色谱／质谱／计算机、气相色谱／红外光谱等现代仪器分析技术，对广西产白花前胡挥发油的化学成分进行分析研究，用毛细管色谱分离出８０多个峰，确认了其中３２个组分，占色谱总馏出峰的９５％以上，经分析鉴定其主要化学成分为蒎烯等化合物．     

Contemporary crustal movement of continental China obtained by global positioning system (GPS) measurements

We obtain a unified horizontal velocity field of continental China and vicinity through measurements at 81 GPS stations provided by the National Key Infrastructure Project, Crustal Movement Observation Network of China. The velocity field delineates patterns of movements and deformation of active crustal blocks in continental China under the Eurasia-fixed reference frame. The space-based geodesy also clearly shows for the first time the horizontal movement and deformation of continental China induced by indentation of the Indian plate. The data provide kinematic constraints for simulating dynamic process of continental lithospheric deformation.