Microstructural characterization and oxidation resistance of multicomponent equiatomic CoCrCuFeNi-TiO high-entropy alloy

CoCrCuFeNi-TiO was prepared by arc melting of the pure elements and Ti₂CO powder under an Ar atmosphere. Both CoCrCuFeNi and CoCrCuFeNi-TiO alloys are composed of a face-centered cubic (fcc) solid solution, whereas the alloys of CoCrCuFeNi-TiO are basically composed of an fcc solid solution and TiO crystals. The microstructures of CoCrCuFeNi-TiO are identified as dendrite and interdendrite structures such as CoCrCuFeNi. The morphology of TiO is identified as an equiaxed crystal with a small amount of added Ti₂CO. By increasing the amount of Ti₂CO added, the TiO content was dramatically increased and part of the equiaxed crystals changed to a dendrite structure. A test of the oxidation resistance demonstrates that the oxidation resistance of CoCrCuFeNi-TiO is better than that of CoCrCuFeNi. However, as the TiO content increases further, a corresponding decrease is observed in the oxidation resistance.     

Effect of melting temperature on microstructural evolutions,behavior and corrosion morphology of Hadfield austenitic manganese steel in the casting process

In this study, the effect of melting temperature on the microstructural evolutions, behavior, and corrosion morphology of Hadfield steel in the casting process is investigated. The mold was prepared by the sodium silicate/CO₂ method, using a blind riser, and then the desired molten steel was obtained using a coreless induction furnace. The casting was performed at melting temperatures of 1350, 1400, 1450, and 1500℃, and the cast blocks were immediately quenched in water. Optical microscopy was used to analyze the microstructure, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractrometry (XRD) were used to analyze the corrosion morphology and phase formation in the microstructure, respectively. The corrosion behavior of the samples was analyzed using a potentiodynamic polarization test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in 3.5wt% NaCl. The optical microscopy observations and XRD patterns show that the increase in melting temperature led to a decrease of carbides and an increase in the austenite grain size in the Hadfield steel microstructure. The corrosion tests results show that with increasing melting temperature in the casting process, Hadfield steel shows a higher corrosion resistance. The SEM images of the corrosion morphologies show that the reduction of melting temperature in the Hadfield steel casting process induced micro-galvanic corrosion conditions.     

Mineral-phase evolution and sintering behavior of MO-SiO2-Al2O3-B2O3 (M=Ca,Ba) glass-ceramics by low-temperature liquid-phase sintering

In this work, network former SiO₂ and network intermediate Al₂O₃ were introduced into typical low-melting binary compositions CaO·B₂O₃, CaO·2B₂O₃, and BaO·B₂O₃ via an aqueous solid-state suspension milling route. Accordingly, multiple-phase aluminosilicate glass-ceramics were directly obtained via liquid-phase sintering at temperatures below 950℃. On the basis of liquid-phase sintering theory, mineral-phase evolutions and glass-phase formations were systematically investigated in a wide MO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-B₂O₃ (M=Ca, Ba) composition range. The results indicate that major mineral phases of the aluminosilicate glass-ceramics are Al₂₀B₄O₃₆, CaAl₂Si₂O₈, and BaAl₂Si₂O₈ and that the glass-ceramic materials are characterized by dense microstructures and excellent dielectric properties.     

基于蚁群算法的肿瘤驱动通路搜索方法研究

肿瘤的发生和发展主要是由基因突变的累积导致细胞信号通路调控紊乱而引起的.将通路中基因集的两个特性——高覆盖性和高排他性,与基因协变量相结合,提出了一种基于蚁群优化算法的驱动通路搜索方法.旨在基因突变数据及基因协变量数据的基础上,搜索满足高覆盖性和高排他性的通路基因集,从而识别致癌的驱动通路.首先,通过对基因表达水平、复制时间和染色体状态3个基因协变量相互的关联性,以及它们与基因突变频率的相关性进行分析,选择复制时间作为影响基因突变频率的权重协变量.然后,将权重协变量与现有方法结合,构造了一个新的最大权重子矩阵函数作为组合优化问题的目标函数.为克服该优化问题的NP难题,采用蚁群优化算法求解.应用该方法在肺腺癌的突变数据上进行了分析与验证.结果证明,该方法不仅比现有方法找到了更多在已证实通路中的癌基因,而且其中包含多个互斥性显著的基因对,证明了方法的有效性.     

相干测风激光雷达带通采样方法的仿真研究

根据相干测风雷达回波信号载频高、带宽窄的特点,尤其星载相干测风雷达回波信号数千兆赫兹,采用传统采样方式对采集卡的采样率要求很高.鉴于采集卡的采样率和分辨力互相制约,提出将带通采样引入到相干测风雷达系统.本文以1.5 μm全光纤相干测风激光雷达的实测数据作为仿真输入,经Simulink滤波、带通采样,结果表明,在对探测距离影响不大的情况下,与低通采样方式相比径向风速反演结果最大相差0.5 μm/s;数据处理的时间复杂度降低,其下降值是带通采样频率与低通采样频率的比值;但信噪比会恶化,其下降值介于1~3 dB.      

Effect of minor Sc on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy

The as-cast and heat-treated microstructures and mechanical properties of the AZ91 magnesium alloys with and without minor Sc addition were investigated and compared in this paper. The results indicated that adding0.15–0.45 wt% Sc to the as-cast AZ91 alloy not only could modify and refine the Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase but also suppress the formation of the Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase. At the same time, the grains of the Sc-containing as-cast AZ91 alloys were also effectively refined. As a result, the mechanical properties at room temperature(RT) for the Sccontaining as-cast AZ91 alloys were effectively improved. In addition, adding 0.15–0.45 wt%Sc to the AZ91 alloy promoted the formation of the continuous precipitates(CP) during the aging treatment in spite of that the formation of the discontinuous precipitates(DP) was simultaneously suppressed. Accordingly, the Sc-containing as-aged AZ91 alloys obtained the relatively higher mechanical properties at RT than the as-aged AZ91 alloy.     

科研机构有机式组织结构模式探析——以AIST为例

科研机构是国家创新体系的重要组成部分,在各国产业技术发展中起着积极的推动作用。以日本产业技术综合研究所(AIST)为例,探讨了知识经济背景下科研机构有机式组织构模式的特征:组织结构扁平化、运作团队化、内部分权化;组织外部关系网络化、国际化;技术转移组织机制一体化。同时,也分析了其对我国科研机构的组织结构的演进的借鉴意义。     

TATP防爆安检技术

TATP(三过氧化三丙酮)因其制作原料来源广泛易得、制作方式简单、成本低廉,并且起爆方式简单、爆炸威力巨大,容易被犯罪分子用于实施爆炸恐怖袭击。为有效防范打击TATP犯罪活动,安全、快速、灵敏地探测TATP,必须发展TATP防爆安检技术。主要从TATP探测技术和TATP模拟物的制备两个角度综述了TATP防爆安检技术的研究进展,TATP探测技术可用于对TATP的快速筛查发现,而TATP模拟物在安检人员培训、警犬培训和安检设备功能评价中具有重要作用。最后总结展望了TATP防爆安检技术,提出一些打击防范对策。     

基于综合统计特征的Skype流量分析与识别

首先对Skype通信机制进行了深入研究,并在此基础上提出了基于流统计特征和静荷统计特征的Skype流量识别策略,然后综合分析上面两种方法的优缺点,提出了基于综合统计特征的Skype流量识别方案,并设计出基于综合统计特征的Skype流量识别系统模型,最后设计并实现了相应的实验系统时相关结论进行验证。     

饱和结构性黄土不排水柱孔扩张问题弹塑性解

为导出饱和黄土中不排水柱孔扩张问题严格解,采用结构性黄土修正剑桥模型描述黄土力学特性。在弹性区采用小变形假设求解孔周土体应力与变形,同时将塑性区柱孔扩张边值问题转化为3个以应力分量为基本未知量的一阶非线性常微分方程求解问题。以弹塑性界面上应力分量作为初始条件求解控制方程,得到孔周塑性区应力分布,然后对径向平衡方程积分求得孔隙水压力。通过算例分析验证了该方法的正确性。结果表明:退化解与已有数值解完全吻合,并且黄土结构性对孔周应力、超静孔压以及弹塑性半径等影响显著。