非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病与胰岛素基因改变的实验研究

用分子生物学的实验方法对非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（ＮＩＤＤＭ）进行胰岛素基因检测。从ＮＩＤＤＭ患者外周血的白细胞中提取ＤＮＡ，以胰岛素基因５′－末端上游的某一ＤＮＡ序列为引物，对特定的靶序列进行体外扩增，即ＴａｑＤＮＡ聚合酶链式反应（ＰＣＲ），将其扩增产物进行电泳分离，在紫外分析仪下观察结果并与正常人对照，发现１６例ＮＩＤＤＭ患者胰岛素基因有所改变，提示此型糖尿病患者的胰岛素基因改变可能与ＮＩＤＤＭ的发生有关。进一步说明遗传因素在此型糖尿病中的作用。     

三波长辐射测温法及仪表的研究

本文介绍的三波长辐射测温法是以普朗克公式和电动力学中Hagen-Rubens公式为理论基础的非接触测温方法。主要解决被测对象表面发射率很低或不确定时的辐射测温问题。文章着重介绍了仪表的工作原理和结构,分析了仪表的精度、灵敏度和刻度方法。最后给出了实验结果,对理论分析予以验证。     

Fisher型方程的波前解及其波速(英文)

讨论了Fisher型方程波前解及其最小波速的存在性,并彻底讨论了当a→0时这些波前解及其最小波速之间的相互关系。     

注重交际能力的大学英语教学探索

本文分析了大学英语教学应注重交际能力的理论依据和必要性,并根据目前的教学现状提出了培养学生英语交际能力的方法和途径。     

MEMS磁场传感器的设计及测试

以U型梁为主要结构设计了一种新型的洛伦兹力驱动的磁场传感器,检测在磁场中作切割磁力线运动的金属线上的感生电压,实现磁场测量.首先介绍了传感器的工作原理,并用振动理论对传感器的受力及响应进行了分析,接着用有限元软件建立结构模型并对其振动模态和频率进行了仿真.该MEMS磁场传感器采用标准的CMOS工艺加上后处理来实现.最后...     

纹理表达在图像压缩中的应用

本文针对静止纹理图像展开研究,详细阐述了基于高斯马尔科夫随机场参数和基于样图这两种纹理分析合成技术的原理及其实现,综合二维自相关纹理统计分析方法形成了一套针对不同类型的纹理图像自适应地选择表达合成方法的方案.实验表明,所提方案能够压缩图像数据量,是对新一代图像编码的一种探索.     

The complete genome of an individual by massively parallel DNA sequencing

The association of genetic variation with disease and drug response, and improvements in nucleic acid technologies, have given great optimism for the impact of 'genomic medicine'. However, the formidable size of the diploid human genome, approximately 6 gigabases, has prevented the routine application of sequencing methods to deciphering complete individual human genomes. To realize the full potential of genomics for human health, this limitation must be overcome. Here we report the DNA sequence of a diploid genome of a single individual, James D. Watson, sequenced to 7.4-fold redundancy in two months using massively parallel sequencing in picolitre-size reaction vessels. This sequence was completed in two months at approximately one-hundredth of the cost of traditional capillary electrophoresis methods. Comparison of the sequence to the reference genome led to the identification of 3.3 million single nucleotide polymorphisms, of which 10,654 cause amino-acid substitution within the coding sequence. In addition, we accurately identified small-scale (2-40,000 base pair (bp)) insertion and deletion polymorphism as well as copy number variation resulting in the large-scale gain and loss of chromosomal segments ranging from 26,000 to 1.5 million base pairs. Overall, these results agree well with recent results of sequencing of a single individual by traditional methods. However, in addition to being faster and significantly less expensive, this sequencing technology avoids the arbitrary loss of genomic sequences inherent in random shotgun sequencing by bacterial cloning because it amplifies DNA in a cell-free system. As a result, we further demonstrate the acquisition of novel human sequence, including novel genes not previously identified by traditional genomic sequencing. This is the first genome sequenced by next-generation technologies. Therefore it is a pilot for the future challenges of 'personalized genome sequencing'.     

选煤厂主厂房网架结构屋盖的抗震性能研究

以某在役选煤厂主厂房屋盖的固定铰支座网架结构为研究对象,采用3D3S分析软件分析了组合荷载对网架结构抗震性能的影响.结果表明:两区网架结构动力特性相似,各网架结构的自振频率密集,结构的低阶整体振型以竖向振型为主,结构整体性强,局部振动不明显;在7度多遇地震作用下,结构的组合荷载作用的内力和位移响应属于同一量级,结构安全稳定性符合规范要求.     

The seasonal variations of δ~(18)O , Cl~- , Na~+ , NO_3~- and Ca~(2+) in the snow and firn recovered from Princess Elizabeth Land, Antarctica

Snow and firn samples recovered from two snow pits (2.5 and 4.5m deep) and one 50-m firn core along the route of the 1996/1997 Chinese First Antarctic Inland Traverse Expedition in Princess Elizabeth Land, East Antarctica, have been measured for chemical composition and oxygen isotope ratio. In the two snow pits, the variations of NO3- are partly in phase with that of δ18O, while the variations of Cl~ and Na+ are in inverse phase with that of δ18O. The variations of CI- , Na+ , NO3- and δ18O show obvious seasonal variations and annual stratag-raphy. However, with the depth increasing, the seasonal variations of δ18O are gradually smoothed below 3 m (corresponding to about 10-year mass accumulation) in depth while the seasonal variations of Cl- , Na+ and NO3- are kept fairly well in the whole profile of the 50-m firn core (corresponding to about 250-year mass accumulation). The results provide a useful tool for dating the snow stratum in this region. On the contrary, no obvious seasonal variations of Ca2 + are found in the profiles.     

压电梁弯曲振动方程及等效体力的计算

目的 为研究石英音叉型角速率传感器提供设计参数。方法 根据压电理论和弹性力学理论,讨论石英晶体振梁不同方向（光轴ｚ和电轴ｘ）振动的弹性柔顺常数存在的差别,导出压电梁弯曲振动的微分方程,并利用的限差分方法对几种典型的电极图形进行数值计算。结果与结论 提出等效体力概念,给出了压电梁等效体力计算的一般公式,优选了振梁传感器的电极图形,确定了压电梁的宽度和高度的边比。