地源热泵的套管式地下换热器传热研究

依据能量平衡，建立了地下浅埋套管式换热器传热模型，求解并分析了影响传热的主要因素，提出了强化换热的措施，给出了相应的函数关系图。     

巴西鲷肌肉营养成分分析

对巴西鲷成鱼肌肉中的水分、蛋白质、脂肪、灰色、硒含量及氨基酸、脂肪酸组成进行了分析，结果表明：巴西鲷骨肉蛋白质和脂肪含量均较高，分别为18.85%和6.95%，硒含量为260.1μg/100g（干重），必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的48.43%，高度不饱和脂肪酸含量占脂肪酸总量的26.65%。     

蜂胶有效成分醇液两步提取法的研究

采用微波技术与传统浸提法相结合，研究出一种新式蜂胶有效成分提取方法——醇液两步提取法。给出该法的最佳提取工艺条件，其最大提取率为88.71%，实现了快速高效的提取效果。     

面向软件工程的工作流管理系统

结合CMM思想和RUP技术，提出了以RUP定义的软件开发流程作为模板，以工作流管理系统作为支持环境的软件开发过程管理的新思路，介绍了工作流管理系统的模型基础，即集成化的多视图模型P_PROCE，它以过程视图为核心，集成了产品，资源，组织和控制评价视图，给出了建模，仿真和执行有机集成的工作流管理系统体系结构，在解释了以过程建模，系统维护和模型转换接口三部分组成的工作流建模系统的基础上，阐述了以个人工作台和工作流引擎为主构成的工作流执行和仿真机制。     

概念性水文模型参数自动优选方法的比较研究

介绍了3种参数自动优选方法：罗森布瑞克法（Rosenbrock）、单纯形法（Simplex）和基因法（Genetic）。应用4个流域的水文资料，以三水源新安江模型为例，分析了基因法参数L和IMAX对优选结果的影响；对这3种优化方法的收敛程度、参数初值的选定以及不同组合情况的优选结果进行了比较研究。结果表明，基因法参数取IMAX＝5000，L＝10时比较合理；3种优化方法各有优点，基因法不依赖于参数初值的选定，罗森布瑞克法收敛速度快，单纯形法精度较高，建议以基因法优选结果为初值，然后采用罗森布瑞克法，最后采用单纯形法，可以得到最佳的优选结果。     

河南樟科(Lauraceae)增补与订正

报道了《河南植物志》中未记录的河南产樟科植物4种1变种，其中豺皮樟（Litsearotundifolia Hemsl.var.oblongifolia(Ness)Allen)为河南分布新记录，订正了一些分类群的学名。     

Theoretical calculations on the atomic and electronic structure of β-SiC(110) surface

We present a theoretical calculation of the atomic and electronic structure of β-SiC and its non-polar (110) surface using the full potential linear augmented plane wave (FPLAPW) approach. The calculated lattice constant and bulk modulus of β-SiC crystal are in excellent agreement with experimental data. The atomic and electronic structure of β-SiC(110) surface has been calculated by employing the slab and supercell model. It is found that the surface is characterized by a top-layer bond-length-contracting rotation relaxation in which the Si-surface atom moves closer towards the substrate while the C-surface atom moves outward. This relaxation is analogous to that of Ⅲ-Ⅴ semiconductor surface. The driving mechanism for this atomic rearrangement is that the Si atom tends to a planar sp²-like bonding situation with its three N neighbors and the N atom tends to a p³-like bonding with its three Si neighbors. Furthermore, surface relaxation induces the change from metallic to semiconducting characterization.     

Formation of substitutional metallofullerenes by laser ablation of externally doped fullerenes C60M x (M=Sm, Pt, Ni and Rh)

Photofragmentation study of metal fullerides C₆₀M _x (M = Sm, Pt, Ni and Rh) by excimer laser ablation-TOF mass spectrometry shows that metallofullerenes C_2n M and C_2n+1M formed in both the positive and negative ionic modes. The isotopic distributions of the metallofullerenes C_2n M and C_2n+1M are consistent with the calculated spectra based on the natural abundance of isotopes of C and M, confirming the formation of metallofullerenes. The metal atom is supposed to be incorporated into the network of the fullerene cage to replace one carbon atom of the cage forming substitutional metallofullerene. Odd-numbered high carbon clusters are observed in our laser ablation study of all the metal fullerides in the negative ion channel. Evolution of mass spectrum with irradiation laser shots shows that the formation of the substitutionally doped fullerenes is closely related to the production of metal carbide (MC). The structures, as well as formation mechanism, of metallofullerenes C_2n+1M and C_2n M with even and odd numbers of total atoms respectively are discussed based on the structural optimization of the odd-numbered high carbon clusters.     

Simulation and evaluation of the quality and availability of typical GLI ocean image

ADEOS-II satellite will be launched in the near future. It collocates many remote sensing instruments in the same platform. Among them, Global Image (GLI) is considered to be a main sensor which will play a key role. In order to understand the characteristics of future GLI ocean color images, a simulation and evaluation of the quality and availability of GLI typical ocean image has been done. In the paper, we first introduce the simulation models briefly, and simulate typical cases of radiance images at visible channels, in which the radiance distribution is based on geographic location, the satellite orbital parameters and sensor properties. A method, complex signal noise ratio (CSNR) to evaluate the image quality and availability, is developed according to the characteristics of image. Meanwhile, a series of CSNR images are generated from the simulated radiance components for different cases, which can be used to evaluate the quality and availability of GLI images before the ADEOS-II is placed in orbit. Finally, the quality and availability of GLI images are quantitatively analyzed by the simulated CSNR data. The results will be beneficial to the people who are in charge of GLI mission or plan to use the data from GLI.     

Construction of multivalent DNA vaccines forMycobacterium tuberculosis and its immunogenicity

The coding regions of Ag85B MPT-64, and ESAT-6 secreted proteins were cloned initially into the eukaryotic expression vector pJW4303, then transformed to E. coli Top 10 strain for plasmid DNA extraction and further analysis. Plasmids containing the right insertion were sequenced to confirm their identity. COS7 cells were transfected with a mixture containing serially diluted plasmid DNA encoding three secreted proteins and Lipofectin (Gibco). The supernatants and pellets prepared from various cell lines were run on SDS-PAGE gel and the expression of these proteins in COS7 cells were demonstrated by immunoblot using polyclonal or monoclonal antiserum of M.TBH37Rv. 21 days after first vaccination of C57BL-6 mice by all three recombinant eukaryotic expressing vectors, antibody titer for Ag85B reached 1∶3200. 21 days after second vaccination, the antibody titer reached 1∶102400. The highest antibody levels induced by multivalent vaccines after the second injection were equal to or even greater than the highest antibody levels of single DNA vaccine reported in literature after third injections. Antibody titer of MPT-64 was 1∶50 after the first injection and it reached 1∶200 after the second injection. No antigen-specific antibody against ESAT-6 was detected in sera harvested from immunized mice 21 days after both injections. Antigen-specific IFN-g level of Ag85B was 110 pg/mL while no antigen-specific IFN- g level of ESAT-6 and MPT-64 was detected even after third injections. To our knowledge, it is the first time that studies of polyvalent recombinant DNA vaccines against TB were carried out in C57BL-6 mice. Our results indicated that multiple DNA vaccines could be used to enhance protective responses against M.TB.