一种基于四阶偏微分方程的图像去噪方法

本文在You-Kaveh模型的基础上,提出了一个新的拉普拉斯算子,使其能够包括更多的图像信息,同时改进了拉普拉斯算子的离散形式,得到了一个新的四阶偏微分方程。实验结果表明,新模型和You-Kaveh模型相比,不仅能够更好地去除高斯噪声,而且视觉效果更加理想。     

Genome-wide association studies of 14 agronomic traits in rice landraces

Uncovering the genetic basis of agronomic traits in crop landraces that have adapted to various agro-climatic conditions is important to world food security. Here we have identified ～ 3.6 million SNPs by sequencing 517 rice landraces and constructed a high-density haplotype map of the rice genome using a novel data-imputation method. We performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for 14 agronomic traits in the population of Oryza sativa indica subspecies. The loci identified through GWAS explained ～ 36% of the phenotypic variance, on average. The peak signals at six loci were tied closely to previously identified genes. This study provides a fundamental resource for rice genetics research and breeding, and demonstrates that an approach integrating second-generation genome sequencing and GWAS can be used as a powerful complementary strategy to classical biparental cross-mapping for dissecting complex traits in rice.     

Genome-wide association study of flowering time and grain yield traits in a worldwide collection of rice germplasm

A high-density haplotype map recently enabled a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in a population of indica subspecies of Chinese rice landraces. Here we extend this methodology to a larger and more diverse sample of 950 worldwide rice varieties, including the Oryza sativa indica and Oryza sativa japonica subspecies, to perform an additional GWAS. We identified a total of 32 new loci associated with flowering time and with ten grain-related traits, indicating that the larger sample increased the power to detect trait-associated variants using GWAS. To characterize various alleles and complex genetic variation, we developed an analytical framework for haplotype-based de novo assembly of the low-coverage sequencing data in rice. We identified candidate genes for 18 associated loci through detailed annotation. This study shows that the integrated approach of sequence-based GWAS and functional genome annotation has the potential to match complex traits to their causal polymorphisms in rice.     

Exome sequencing of liver fluke-associated cholangiocarcinoma

Opisthorchis viverrini-related cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a fatal bile duct cancer, is a major public health concern in areas endemic for this parasite. We report here whole-exome sequencing of eight O. viverrini-related tumors and matched normal tissue. We identified and validated 206 somatic mutations in 187 genes using Sanger sequencing and selected 15 genes for mutation prevalence screening in an additional 46 individuals with CCA (cases). In addition to the known cancer-related genes TP53 (mutated in 44.4% of cases), KRAS (16.7%) and SMAD4 (16.7%), we identified somatic mutations in 10 newly implicated genes in 14.8-3.7% of cases. These included inactivating mutations in MLL3 (in 14.8% of cases), ROBO2 (9.3%), RNF43 (9.3%) and PEG3 (5.6%), and activating mutations in the GNAS oncogene (9.3%). These genes have functions that can be broadly grouped into three biological classes: (i) deactivation of histone modifiers, (ii) activation of G protein signaling and (iii) loss of genome stability. This study provides insight into the mutational landscape contributing to O. viverrini-related CCA.     

港口竞争力与腹地经济协同机制面板数据分析

本文在港口竞争力评价模型中同时引入港口硬件竞争力和软件竞争力指标,进一步完善了港口综合竞争力评价指标体系.在此基础上,结合面板数据模型分析国内9大港口综合竞争力与其腹地发展的协同机制,基本克服了现有港城研究中普遍存在的单角度、单维度和单主体问题.研究表明:港口综合竞争力存在惯性,较弱港口实现超越较难,但可通过充分结合腹地供需结构和贸易特色提升软实力来以长补短.腹地经济结构以及贸易和物流发展水平对港口综合竞争力具有显著正向影响,港口综合竞争力提升又会改善腹地经济结构,而腹地区域产出水平并不是港口综合竞争力的主要影响因素.研究揭示港口综合竞争力提升应从以基建为核心的要素驱动转变为结合创新和服务驱动,通过整合港口与腹地资源来优化港口竞争力结构,做到港口-腹地相互促进,共同发展.     

锥阀稳态液动力及阀芯表面压力分布数值模拟

基于Fluent流场仿真软件,对锥阀外流和内流情况下阀芯所受稳态液动力及阀芯表面压力分布进行了数值模拟和分析。结果表明,稳态液动力随着阀口压差的增大而增加;当阀口压差大于2.5MPa时,阀芯表面出现负压,阀口处发生气蚀;当阀口开度为1mm时,稳态液动力最大;在其他条件相同的情况下,锥阀内流时的液动力小于锥阀外流时的液动力。     

多层同步网络在舆情仿真研究中的应用

为统筹考虑线上社交网络与线下社交网络在舆情传播中的作用,首次提出了一种包含"媒体层-线上层-线下层"的多层同步网络模型,并在此基础上搭建了舆情仿真系统框架.基于对人类社交网络拓扑结构的已有研究成果,给出了多层同步网络的缺省设定.通过案例仿真,分析了线上网络与线下网络之间的相互影响,对比了舆情事件目击者数量在多媒体传播、自媒体传播这两种舆论传播模式中的作用差异.最后,讨论了多层同步网络模型的兼容性与可扩展性,并指出了该模型改进的方向.     

英汉动物习语的文化内涵对比

动物词汇作为构成习语的一个重要成分,具有独特的作用和丰富的表现力,是语言词汇不可分割的一个重要组成部分。然而,由于各民族不同的地理环境、文化传统、社会习俗和思维方式,动物被赋予了或同或异的联想意义,因而其动物习语具有独特的民族文化色彩。现运用对比研究法,从动物的联想意义、英汉习语中动物形象的相似和差异,英汉含动物词汇的习语所用设喻形象与喻意对比以及习语的来源,用以研究习语的文化内涵。这将对到位的理解、恰当的运用动物词汇并真正领悟习语中的动物文化大有助益。     

铋基纳米材料在肿瘤诊治和抗菌中的应用进展

随着纳米技术的快速发展,纳米材料作为新型生物材料在生物医学领域表现出独特的优势,受到研究人员的广泛关注。铋基纳米材料因其良好的生物相容性和优异的光学等物理化学特性,在肿瘤诊治和抗菌等生物医学领域的应用已被广泛研究和报道,并展现出广阔的应用前景。简要综述了生物医用铋基纳米材料在计算机断层扫描成像、光声成像等生物成像和光动力治疗、放射治疗、光热治疗等肿瘤治疗以及抗菌中的研究进展,希望为铋基纳米材料在生物医学领域中的应用提供帮助。     

基于小波变换的X射线图像边缘检测方法

根据X射线图像本身的特点,利用小波分析将图像的边缘有效分离开来,用canny边缘检测算子提取图像边缘,实验证明它是一种检测X射线图像边缘的有效方法.