钢管插入式基础抗拔承载性能数值模拟

为研究输电线路杆塔三角锚固盘钢管插入式基础在承受上拔荷载时锚固盘的受力性能,使用有限元分析软件对钢管插入式基础进行数值模拟分析,研究了锚固件尺寸、混凝土强度、钢管截面和混凝土柱截面对试件抗拔承载性能的影响。结果表明:使用三角锚固盘能够改善锚固盘与钢管焊接部分的应力集中情况,显著提升钢管插入式基础的抗拔承载能力,且混凝土强度越高优势越明显;在一定范围内增加锚固盘尺寸可以提高基础抗拔承载力,提高初始刚度和延性系数,超出范围则影响不明显,最佳的锚固盘尺寸由基础混凝土强度决定;增加混凝土强度、钢管截面尺寸和混凝土柱截面尺寸都可以提高基础的抗拔承载力和初始刚度,延性系数则随混凝土强度的提高先减小后增大,随钢管截面尺寸的提高而减小。     

无残渣纤维素压裂液在苏里格东区致密气藏的应用

无残渣纤维素压裂液体系在酸性条件下实现交联,具有基液配制简单、增黏速度快、无鱼眼、携砂性能好、破胶彻底、无残渣、低伤害及自身防膨等特点,跟羟丙基瓜胶压裂液相比,更适用于易受外来流体伤害的低渗特低渗储层的压裂改造。现成功应用于苏里格东区致密气藏。试验结果表明,该压裂液基液能在2 min达到其最高黏度的97.5%,破胶液表面张力为24.68 m N·m-1,压裂液残渣含量为0,岩心损害率为12.3%,极大降低了对储层和裂缝导流能力的伤害。在苏里格气田进行了现场应用5口井11层(段),压裂效果显著,压后平均日产气量是邻井的2~5倍。     

城市老龄人居环境的优化设计

人口老龄化已成为日益突出的社会问题。基于对老人关爱的人性化设计思想,提出了一种既具有传统特色,又适应现代社会生活的多代居和邻居型老人住宅型式。     

基于机械比能理论的钻井效率随钻评价及优化新方法

在原有破岩机械比能理论基础上,分析水力能量对破岩与井底净化起到的积极作用,建立水力参数条件下破岩比能模型,并完善相关理论。基于破岩比能模型与钻井参数和机械钻速的相互关系,通过分析钻进中井底工况,判断施加钻井参数的合理性,提出相应优化措施,并利用该模型预测机械钻速。结果表明:建立的破岩比能效率评价体系能够在钻前准确预测机械钻速、钻进中随钻诊断井底工况及优化参数、钻后优选钻头;该理论评价方法诊断准确率高、优化效果好且流程识别简单,具有良好的应用与推广价值。     

Improved Cross Entropy Algorithm for Steelmaking Continuous Casting Production Scheduling with Minimum Power Consumption

A matrix encoding scheme for the steelmaking continuous casting( SCC) production scheduling( SCCPS) problem and the corresponding decoding method are proposed. Based on it,a cross entropy( CE) method is adopted and an improved cross entropy( ICE) algorithm is proposed to solve the SCCPS problem to minimize total power consumption. To describe the distribution of the solution space of the CE method,a probability model is built and used to generate individuals by sampling and a probability updating mechanism is introduced to trace the promising samples. For the ICE algorithm,some samples are generated by the heuristic rules for the shortest makespan due to the relation between the makespan and the total power consumption,which can reduce the search space greatly. The optimal sample in each iteration is retained through a retention mechanism to ensure that the historical optimal sample is not lost so as to improve the efficiency and global convergence. A local search procedure is carried out on a part of better samples so as to improve the local exploitation capability of the ICE algorithm and get a better result. The parameter setting is investigated by the Taguchi method of design-of-experiment. A number of simulation experiments are implemented to validate the effectiveness of the ICE algorithm in solving the SCCPS problem and also the superiority of the ICE algorithm is verified through the comparison with the standard cross entropy( SCE) algorithm.     

面向CIMS的计算机网络

本文论述了计算机集成制造系统（ＣＩＭ）和面向ＣＩＭＳ的网络的概念、原理及结构，分析研究了一些关键问题，阐述了一些看法，观点明确，有利于读者全面了解和深入探讨。     

向炽热钢表面喷雾冷却传热试验研究

本文研究了气水喷咀向高温钢表面喷射雾化水滴的传热特性。通过试验获得了表面传热系数与高温钢表面温度、水流密度和水雾冲击速度之间的函数式,即h=5.343×10~8ω~(0.5678)u~(0.4328)t_s~(-2.025)这一试验结果为连铸二冷区设计合理的冷却制度和二冷水量的自动控制提供了理论依据。     

Translational control of intron splicing in eukaryotes

Most eukaryotic genes are interrupted by non-coding introns that must be accurately removed from pre-messenger RNAs to produce translatable mRNAs. Splicing is guided locally by short conserved sequences, but genes typically contain many potential splice sites, and the mechanisms specifying the correct sites remain poorly understood. In most organisms, short introns recognized by the intron definition mechanism cannot be efficiently predicted solely on the basis of sequence motifs. In multicellular eukaryotes, long introns are recognized through exon definition and most genes produce multiple mRNA variants through alternative splicing. The nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) pathway may further shape the observed sets of variants by selectively degrading those containing premature termination codons, which are frequently produced in mammals. Here we show that the tiny introns of the ciliate Paramecium tetraurelia are under strong selective pressure to cause premature termination of mRNA translation in the event of intron retention, and that the same bias is observed among the short introns of plants, fungi and animals. By knocking down the two P. tetraurelia genes encoding UPF1, a protein that is crucial in NMD, we show that the intrinsic efficiency of splicing varies widely among introns and that NMD activity can significantly reduce the fraction of unspliced mRNAs. The results suggest that, independently of alternative splicing, species with large intron numbers universally rely on NMD to compensate for suboptimal splicing efficiency and accuracy.     

丰脂灵化学采脂对马尾松木材构造及其松脂产量的影响

用丰脂灵化学采脂和常规采脂对广西派阳山林场的马尾松进行采脂试验,并取样测定木材树脂道的数量、大小与分布及木材明子化程度。结果表明,丰脂灵化学采脂更有利于马尾松木材树脂道的形成,其轴向树脂道数量比常规采脂的高３１．５％,比尚未采脂的高５７．２％。丰脂灵化学采脂对马尾松木材树脂道直径的影响作用不明显。丰脂灵化学采脂的木材明子化程度比常规采脂的低６１．６％。丰脂灵化学采脂的松脂产量比常规采脂的高３９．３４％,其产出与投入的比值为３．９３。表明丰脂灵是值得推广的一种营养型松脂增产促进剂。     

5,10,15,20—四苯基卟啉二酸吸附在AgI溶胶上的吸收光谱

本文研究了５,１０,１５,２０－四苯基卟啉二酸Ｈ４ＴＰＰ＾２＋吸附在ＡｇＩ溶胶上的吸收光谱,发现Ｈ４ＴＰＰ＾２＋分子吸附在ＡｇＩ溶胶上,发生去质子化现象,随样品放置时间的延长,进一步发生络合反应。