变压器设计原则的探讨

变压器是指用来改变交流电压大小的一种电气设备。它是根据电磁感应的设计原理,把某一等级交流的电压变换成另一等级交流的电压,从而满足不同负荷的需要。变压器不论在工作还是在生活中都有非常重要的作用,而且越来越得到广泛的应用和推广。其安全可靠性也是变压器发展的最大瓶颈,因此变压器在电力系统、供用电系统等各大系统中都占有举足轻重的作用。文章就变压器的设计原则、原理特点进行一定的探讨。     

Evidence for a spin-aligned neutron-proton paired phase from the level structure of (92)Pd

Shell structure and magic numbers in atomic nuclei were generally explained by pioneering work that introduced a strong spin-orbit interaction to the nuclear shell model potential. However, knowledge of nuclear forces and the mechanisms governing the structure of nuclei, in particular far from stability, is still incomplete. In nuclei with equal neutron and proton numbers (N = Z), enhanced correlations arise between neutrons and protons (two distinct types of fermions) that occupy orbitals with the same quantum numbers. Such correlations have been predicted to favour an unusual type of nuclear superfluidity, termed isoscalar neutron-proton pairing, in addition to normal isovector pairing. Despite many experimental efforts, these predictions have not been confirmed. Here we report the experimental observation of excited states in the N = Z = 46 nucleus (92)Pd. Gamma rays emitted following the (58)Ni((36)Ar,2n)(92)Pd fusion-evaporation reaction were identified using a combination of state-of-the-art high-resolution γ-ray, charged-particle and neutron detector systems. Our results reveal evidence for a spin-aligned, isoscalar neutron-proton coupling scheme, different from the previous prediction. We suggest that this coupling scheme replaces normal superfluidity (characterized by seniority coupling) in the ground and low-lying excited states of the heaviest N = Z nuclei. Such strong, isoscalar neutron-proton correlations would have a considerable impact on the nuclear level structure and possibly influence the dynamics of rapid proton capture in stellar nucleosynthesis.     

抗蛔虫人源单链抗体库的构建及鉴定

目的:构建抗蛔虫人源单链抗体库,从中筛选建抗蛔虫人源特异性单链抗体.方法:分离10个患蛔虫病人的淋巴细胞,提取总RNA反转录为cDNA,PCR扩增人抗体重链(VH)和轻链(VL)可变区基因,采用SOE-PCR法将VH和VL片段随机拼接成scFv片段,并克隆入噬菌粒载体pCANTAB5E中,构建噬菌体单链抗体库.结果:初...     

RNAi screen identifies Brd4 as a therapeutic target in acute myeloid leukaemia

Epigenetic pathways can regulate gene expression by controlling and interpreting chromatin modifications. Cancer cells are characterized by altered epigenetic landscapes, and commonly exploit the chromatin regulatory machinery to enforce oncogenic gene expression programs. Although chromatin alterations are, in principle, reversible and often amenable to drug intervention, the promise of targeting such pathways therapeutically has been limited by an incomplete understanding of cancer-specific dependencies on epigenetic regulators. Here we describe a non-biased approach to probe epigenetic vulnerabilities in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), an aggressive haematopoietic malignancy that is often associated with aberrant chromatin states. By screening a custom library of small hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) targeting known chromatin regulators in a genetically defined AML mouse model, we identify the protein bromodomain-containing 4 (Brd4) as being critically required for disease maintenance. Suppression of Brd4 using shRNAs or the small-molecule inhibitor JQ1 led to robust antileukaemic effects in vitro and in vivo, accompanied by terminal myeloid differentiation and elimination of leukaemia stem cells. Similar sensitivities were observed in a variety of human AML cell lines and primary patient samples, revealing that JQ1 has broad activity in diverse AML subtypes. The effects of Brd4 suppression are, at least in part, due to its role in sustaining Myc expression to promote aberrant self-renewal, which implicates JQ1 as a pharmacological means to suppress MYC in cancer. Our results establish small-molecule inhibition of Brd4 as a promising therapeutic strategy in AML and, potentially, other cancers, and highlight the utility of RNA interference (RNAi) screening for revealing epigenetic vulnerabilities that can be exploited for direct pharmacological intervention.     

CaWO4:Eu3+,M3+(M=Tb,Sm,Bi,Dy)的水热合成及发光性能研究

利用水热合成法制备CaWO4∶Eu3+以及CaWO4∶Eu3+,M3+(M=Tb,Sm,Bi,Dy)系列钨酸盐基荧光粉,利用XRD表征产物CaWO4∶Eu3+(5%)的晶体结构,结果表明其结构和CaWO4的标准物相结构相似,为四方晶系结构;研究了CaWO4∶Eu3+的发光性能以及第二掺杂离子M3+(M=Tb,Sm,Bi...     

公路下充填开采的相似材料及数值模拟研究

针对公路下大量压煤的实际情况,为尝试性地探索公路下采煤的合适方法,利用相似材料模拟实验对公路下充填开采进行了研究,通过实验得到了公路在充填开采状态下所产生的移动和变形值;同时利用有限元软件ADINA进行三维数值模拟,将数值模拟与相似材料模拟实验的结果进行了对比分析,并研究了开采时煤层倾角、采深对公路稳定性的影响.研究表...     

基于网络药理学与GC-MS探讨竹叶花椒挥发油干预高脂血症的作用机制

目的 基于气相色谱-质谱联用结合网络药理学方法,探讨竹叶花椒挥发油干预高脂血症的活性成分及作用机制,为竹叶花椒挥发油中功能性成分研究及其干预高脂血症的作用机制提供理论基础。方法 首先通过GC-MS鉴定竹叶花椒挥发油的化学成分,再借助数据库获取化学成分对应靶点和高脂血症疾病靶点。又通过Venn图、蛋白-蛋白相互作用分析、GO分析、KEGG代谢通路富集分析和构建“靶点-通路-活性成分”网络得到竹叶花椒挥发油干预高脂血症的关键靶点。最后采用分子对接软件AutoDock对竹叶花椒挥发油主要活性化合物与关键靶点进行半柔性对接验证。结果 在竹叶花椒挥发油中鉴定出29个化学成分,得到37个干预高脂血症的核心靶点,该核心靶点涉及细胞对脂质的反应、脂质的定位调节和对脂多糖的反应等方面。KEGG富集分析与“靶点-通路-活性成分”网络进一步得到PPARA、RXRA、TNF、NR1H3、PPARG和IL-6等28个关键靶点,也得到金合欢醇、亚油酸和α-石竹烯等7个主要活性成分。分子对接结果表明关键靶点与主要活性成分有较好的结合能力,结合能均小于-7.0 kJ/mol。结论 竹叶花椒挥发油中的多种功能性成分可能...     

干湿循环作用下深部砂岩强度劣化及能量演化规律

为研究干湿循环对深部砂岩的强度劣化机制和能量演化规律,对经历不同干湿循环次数的砂岩进行基本物理参数的测定、单轴压缩试验和扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)观测,探讨砂岩单轴抗压强度劣化及单轴压缩过程中能量演化规律.试验结果表明:随着干湿循环次数的增加,单轴抗压强度和弹性模...     

中国术语事业发展概况及思考

近些年来,中国术语事业取得了一定的发展,在相关成果公布出版、术语工作开展、科研立项、人才培养等方面都取得了一定的成绩。同时还存在国内外术语信息沟通不够,对于中外术语事业发展缺乏系统全面的研究,研究队伍没有形成较大影响力的合力,术语事业推进国家经济、社会发展的能力有待提高,术语学没有独立的学科地位,术语产业还处于起步阶段等问题。中国术语事业发展可考虑与国家政策、国际发展相结合,与科学研究、市场需求相结合。     

谈全球化过程中的文化心态问题

20多年的对外开放,已经在中国造成了深刻的文化转型,随着全球化进程的加速,西方文化正越来越影响着中国人的日常生活,中国人原有的文化归属感日渐式微.这种文化的转型不是可以避免的,也不是非自然的,因而那种用"回归"传统文化的办法来解决现代化过程中出现的问题的主张是没有出路的.对于中国来说,不管是什么精神文化资源,只要有利于国家综合实力的提升和有利于中华民族凝聚力的加强,就都可以成为先进文化的鲜活内容.因此,即便是为了对抗西方的文化强权主义对我们的遏制、分化,文化自负也是不可取的.文化的自我批判(如鲁迅)永远要比文化的自高自大(如辜鸿铭)要高明得多,也要现实得多.