全文获取类型
收费全文 | 39050篇 |
免费 | 1726篇 |
国内免费 | 1893篇 |
专业分类
系统科学 | 2568篇 |
丛书文集 | 1126篇 |
教育与普及 | 890篇 |
理论与方法论 | 431篇 |
现状及发展 | 1073篇 |
研究方法 | 106篇 |
综合类 | 36464篇 |
自然研究 | 11篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 181篇 |
2023年 | 393篇 |
2022年 | 768篇 |
2021年 | 809篇 |
2020年 | 543篇 |
2019年 | 284篇 |
2018年 | 1108篇 |
2017年 | 1224篇 |
2016年 | 964篇 |
2015年 | 1144篇 |
2014年 | 1417篇 |
2013年 | 1447篇 |
2012年 | 1790篇 |
2011年 | 2551篇 |
2010年 | 2293篇 |
2009年 | 2168篇 |
2008年 | 2327篇 |
2007年 | 2512篇 |
2006年 | 1473篇 |
2005年 | 1383篇 |
2004年 | 1192篇 |
2003年 | 977篇 |
2002年 | 1025篇 |
2001年 | 919篇 |
2000年 | 904篇 |
1999年 | 1397篇 |
1998年 | 1240篇 |
1997年 | 1307篇 |
1996年 | 1125篇 |
1995年 | 939篇 |
1994年 | 921篇 |
1993年 | 774篇 |
1992年 | 654篇 |
1991年 | 642篇 |
1990年 | 497篇 |
1989年 | 472篇 |
1988年 | 421篇 |
1987年 | 252篇 |
1986年 | 144篇 |
1985年 | 41篇 |
1984年 | 9篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1973年 | 3篇 |
1971年 | 2篇 |
1970年 | 2篇 |
1968年 | 3篇 |
1967年 | 2篇 |
1955年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 125 毫秒
991.
Lagrangian support vector machine (LSVM) cannot solve large problems for nonlinear kernel classifiers. In order to extend the LSVM to solve very large problems, an extended Lagrangian support vector machine (ELSVM) for classifications based on LSVM and SVMlight is presented in this paper. Our idea for the ELSVM is to divide a large quadratic programming problem into a series of subproblems with small size and to solve them via LSVM. Since the LSVM can solve small and medium problems for nonlinear kernel classifiers, the proposed ELSVM can be used to handle large problems very efficiently. Numerical experiments on different types of problems are performed to demonstrate the high efficiency of the ELSVM. 相似文献
992.
The energy budget in the system of the earth, atmosphere and ocean conforms to the first law of thermodynamics, namely the law of conservation of energy, and it is balanced when the system is in a steady-state condition. However, the entropy budget following the second law of thermodynamics is unbalanced. In this paper, we deduce the expressions of entropy flux and re-estimate the earth, atmosphere and ocean annual mean entropy budget with the updated climatologically global mean energy budget and the climatologically air-sea flux data. The calculated results show that the earth system obtains a net influx of negative entropy (-1179.3 mWm-2K-1) from its surroundings, and the atmosphere and the ocean systems obtain a net input of negative entropy at about -537.4 mWm-2K-1 and -555.6 mWm-2K-1, respectively. Calculations of the entropy budget can provide some guidance for further understanding the spatial-temporal change of the local entropy flux, and the entropy production resulting from all kinds of irreversible processes inside these systems. 相似文献
993.
NPP distribution related to the terrains along the North-South Transect of Eastern China 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
LI Yan LIAO Shendong CHI Guobin & LIAO Qifang . Spatial Information Research Center South China Normal University Guangzhou China . Guangdong Key Laboratory of RS GIS Applications Guangzhou China 《科学通报(英文版)》2004,49(6):617-624
Vegetation net primary productivity (NPP) is defined as the accumulative amount of organic matters per unit area and time, which is calculated from the difference between accumulative photosynthesis and accumulative autotrophic respiration by green plants. Since the NPP reflects the physiological and ecological characteristics of the plants and the interactive results of the environmental factors, it is an important index to evaluate a structure of ecological system, functional features and … 相似文献
994.
TANGNi ZHANGBingqiang YANGe PUDan GAOXiaolin Tong-ChuanHe HUANGAilong 《科学通报(英文版)》2004,49(14):1470-1475
Persistent and recurrent infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) represents one of the most common and severe viral infections of humans, and has caused a formidable health problem in the affected countries. Currently used antiviral drugs have a very limited success on controlling HBV replication and infection. RNA interference (RNAi), a process by which double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) directs sequence-specific degradation of target mRNA in mammalian and plant cells, has recently been used to knockdown gene expression in various species. In this study, we sought to determine whether RNAi-mediated silencing of HBV viral gene expression could lead to the effective inhibition of HBV replication. We first developed RNAi vectors that expressed small interfering RNA (siRNA) and targeted the HBV core or surface gene sequence. Our results demonstrated that these specific siRNAs efficiently reduced the levels of corresponding viral RNAs and proteins, and thus suppressed viral replication. Treatment with siRNA gave the greatest reduction in the levels of HBsAg (92%) and in HBeAg (85%) respectively in the cultured cell medium. Our findings further demonstrated that the RNAi-mediated antiviral effect was sequence-specific and dose-dependent. Therefore, our findings strongly suggest that RNAi-mediated silencing of HBV viral genes could effectively inhibit the replication of HBV, hence RNAi-based strategy should be further explored as a more efficacious antiviral therapy of HBV infection. 相似文献
995.
CAOJunji WANGYaqiang ZHANGXiaoye Leeshuncheng HoKinfai CAOYunning LIYang 《科学通报(英文版)》2004,49(15):1637-1641
Methods were developed to determine the mass ratios of carbon isotopes in trace amounts of aerosol carbonate. A Finnigan MAT 252 mass spectrometer fitted with an on-line Kiel device was to determine the ^13C/^12C ratio in CO2 produced from the carbonate. A study using these methods was conducted to characterize the carbonate carbon isotopes in aerosol samples collected in Xi‘an on dusty and normal days during March and April 2002. Results of the study demonstrate that insights into the origin of the dust can be deduced from its isotopic composition. That is, the δ^13C ofcarbonate for dust storm samples ranged from -1.4‰ to -4.2‰, and this is consistent with sandy materials in dust source regions upwind. In contrast, for non-dusty days δ^13C ranged from -7.5% to -9.3‰, which is more similar to fine particles emitted from local surface soils. Comparisons of dust storm aerosols with surface soils from source regions and with aerosol samples collected downwind indicate that the δ^13C values did not change appreciably during longrange transport. Therefore, carbon isotopes have the potential for distinguishing among source materials, and this approach provides a powerful new tool for identifying dust provenance. 相似文献
996.
997.
Discovery of a Miaohe-type Biota from the Neoproterozoic Doushantuo Formation in Jiangkou County, Guizhou Province, China 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
ZHAOYuanlong CHENMeng'e PENGJin YUMeiyi HEMinghua WANGYue YANGRongjun WANGPingli ZHANGZhenhan 《科学通报(英文版)》2004,49(20):2224-2226
A megascopic algal fossil assemblage was first discovered by Ma Guogan and Chen Meng‘e in the black shales of the Neoproterozoic Doushantuo Formation in Miaohe Town, Zigui County, Hubei Province in 1978. Formal naming of the Miaohe Biota was proposed by Cheng Meng‘e and Xiao Zongzheng in 199112j, and eleven morphological genera have been previously described. including megascopic algae and putative metazoans .Ding et al. greatly expanded the scope of the Miaohe Biota to 9 phyla consisting of 140 genera, including microphytoplanctons, megascopic algae, metazoans, spongesand trace fossils. Xiao et al. further restudied this fossil assemblage, concluding that only about 18 distinct taxa could be recognized and that many Miaohe taxa are poorly defined or svnonvmous. 相似文献
998.
梁启勇 《科技情报开发与经济》2004,(1)
介绍了应用Topcon-711全站仪对输入点坐标放样、输入平面线性元素放中线,及根据坡度进行边桩放样的使用方法,并用图示做了详细说明,在公路测量中非常有实用意义。 相似文献
999.
1000.
建立了用神经递质多巴胺作电活性配体示差脉冲伏安法间接测定生物体液中的铝的方法 .多巴胺在玻碳电极上的氧化峰电流随铝浓度的增加而线性下降 .在最佳测定条件 (pH 7.0 ,2 .4× 1 0 -4 mol/L多巴胺 ,0 .0 8mol/LNH4Ac缓冲溶液 )下 ,铝的检测下限、相对标准偏差 (4× 1 0 -6mol/LAl(III) ,n =8)、线性范围分别为 1 .7× 1 0 -7mol/L、3 .4%、4 .0× 1 0 -7~ 42×1 0 -7mol/LAl(III) .对许多生物体液中可能存在的物质进行了干扰试验 .采用标准加入法将所建立的方法应用于实际样品如人全血、脑病患者的脑脊液、糖尿病患者的尿、肺癌患者的腹水、合成肾透析液及合成脑脊液等样品中铝测定 ,结果表明回收率在 95 %~1 0 8%之间 ,所测得的样品中铝含量与文献值和ICP法值吻合 .通过紫外光谱、拉曼光谱及 1 3 C核磁共振谱探讨了测定方法的原理 .加入铝后多巴胺氧化峰电流的下降原因是铝与多巴胺的邻羟基配位 ,从而使电活性的多巴胺浓度下降 相似文献