数字图像连续表示及应用

研究了离散图像的连续表示及重建问题.首先利用弦理论,给出了图像的连续表示形式,然后利用付里叶变换实现了图像连续表示及重建的快速算法,接着将它们应用于图像无级缩放、图像平滑、边缘检测、角点检测,并与传统离散图像处理方法的实验结果进行了比较.实验结果表明:利用图像连续表示方法处理离散图像可以得到不差于传统的离散图像处理方法处理的结果,此方法使离散图像的解析法处理成为可能.     

A second generation human haplotype map of over 3.1 million SNPs

We describe the Phase II HapMap, which characterizes over 3.1 million human single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyped in 270 individuals from four geographically diverse populations and includes 25-35% of common SNP variation in the populations surveyed. The map is estimated to capture untyped common variation with an average maximum r2 of between 0.9 and 0.96 depending on population. We demonstrate that the current generation of commercial genome-wide genotyping products captures common Phase II SNPs with an average maximum r2 of up to 0.8 in African and up to 0.95 in non-African populations, and that potential gains in power in association studies can be obtained through imputation. These data also reveal novel aspects of the structure of linkage disequilibrium. We show that 10-30% of pairs of individuals within a population share at least one region of extended genetic identity arising from recent ancestry and that up to 1% of all common variants are untaggable, primarily because they lie within recombination hotspots. We show that recombination rates vary systematically around genes and between genes of different function. Finally, we demonstrate increased differentiation at non-synonymous, compared to synonymous, SNPs, resulting from systematic differences in the strength or efficacy of natural selection between populations.     

Genome-wide detection and characterization of positive selection in human populations

With the advent of dense maps of human genetic variation, it is now possible to detect positive natural selection across the human genome. Here we report an analysis of over 3 million polymorphisms from the International HapMap Project Phase 2 (HapMap2). We used 'long-range haplotype' methods, which were developed to identify alleles segregating in a population that have undergone recent selection, and we also developed new methods that are based on cross-population comparisons to discover alleles that have swept to near-fixation within a population. The analysis reveals more than 300 strong candidate regions. Focusing on the strongest 22 regions, we develop a heuristic for scrutinizing these regions to identify candidate targets of selection. In a complementary analysis, we identify 26 non-synonymous, coding, single nucleotide polymorphisms showing regional evidence of positive selection. Examination of these candidates highlights three cases in which two genes in a common biological process have apparently undergone positive selection in the same population:LARGE and DMD, both related to infection by the Lassa virus, in West Africa;SLC24A5 and SLC45A2, both involved in skin pigmentation, in Europe; and EDAR and EDA2R, both involved in development of hair follicles, in Asia.     

河北省御道口牧场气候生产潜力估算

御道口牧场位于河北省围场县北部坝上地区,是河北省畜牧业生产的重要产区.根据牧场多年降水和气温等气象观测资料,同时考虑地形因素和最小面积的限制,对御道口牧场的气候生产潜力进行了估算.得出牧场的气候生产潜力在3.75～5 t·hm-2·a-1之间,牧场内适合发展人工草地的平地和缓坡(＜5°)约占总土地面积的76.5%.     

一个关于中国股票市场和宏观经济相互关系的实证分析

在简单介绍SVAR模型的基础上,对我国实体经济扰动和股市扰动对股票市场的影响作了实证分析,结果表明:目前我国股票市场的变化主要来源于股市扰动本身;各实体经济扰动虽有着稳定的影响,但不及股市自身的大,这可能和我国具体的融资环境有关.     

区域影响力的多层次灰色评价模型及其应用

针对区域影响力的评价问题,研究了其评价指标体系及相应的评价模型。从经济实力、吸引力、辐射力三方面建立了区域影响力的评价指标体系;基于层次分析法和灰色关联分析法,建立了区域影响力的多层次灰色评价模型,并对重庆市“一小时经济圈”所辖23个区（县）的区域影响力进行综合评价。研究结果表明,评价结果较精确且符合重庆市“一小时经济圈”区域经济发展的实际情况。最后,在综合评价的基础上给出了加强重庆市“一小时经济圈”区域影响力的几点对策建议。     

精密传动系统的机电耦合建模及仿真分析

针对伺服系统中传动系统的机电耦合影响了系统的动态特性和响应特性,提出了基于伺服系统的精密传动系统的机电耦合因素,分析了机电系统耦合建模方法.以大型精密卧式加工中心伺服进给系统为研究对象,通过分析系统各组成环节的数学模型,得到了该系统的动态结构图,建立了该系统的机电耦合模型,仿真分析了精密传动系统的传动刚度和传动误差对伺服系统的影响.利用该模型可以分析参数变化对伺服进给系统稳定性和动态特性的影响,为参数优化提供了计算模型.     

辣椒素的提取和鉴定

辣椒素是辣椒果实中的主要辣味成分,在现实生活中有多种用途.为了提高辣椒素的提取效率,对辣椒素提取条件进行了优化研究.结果表明,提取的较适工艺是浸取溶剂为75%乙醇,浸取温度45℃,液固比10:1,浸取时间4h,提取级数为二级,在此条件下辣椒素的提取率为3.98‰.HPLC对比分析显示分离纯化效果较好.     

聚乙烯醇与聚己内酰胺合金膜材料制备及其性能表征

甲酸为共溶剂,蒸馏水为共沉淀剂,通过溶液共混和液-固相转变法(L-S)制备出聚乙烯醇与聚己内酰胺(PVA/PA-6)合金.采用黏度法、折光指数法、DSC法、FTIR法、TG法和接触角法研究了PVA/PA-6的相容性、热稳定性及亲水性.结果表明PVA与PA-6有很好的相容性;PVA/PA-6合金膜材料比纯PVA热稳定性好;PA-6可有效地降低PVA/PA-6的亲水性.     

基于人工神经网络技术的投标前期决策

针对投标前期决策中常用决策分析方法未能有效解决影响因素之间、影响因素与决策结果之间的复杂非线性关系的问题,通过调查、比较和分析,结合人工神经网络分析方法的要求,确定了投标前期决策影响因素的指标体系.将人工神经网络技术应用于投标前期决策,应用定量法和模糊综合评价法提出相应指标的量化标准及方法,据此构建了具有较好泛化学习能力及较好学习速度的人工神经网络投标前期决策模型.在MATLAB平台上,开发出人工神经网络投标前期决策模型应用系统.通过工程实例证明,此方法能有效应用于施工企业的前期投标决策.