近红外光谱分析技术在烟草化学分析上的应用研究

应用傅立叶变换近红外漫反射光义,对具有代表性的300个烟草样品建立了近红外光谱与总糖、还原糖、尼古丁、总氮4种主要成分含量间的关系模型,经分析样品检验模型,结果表明,各成分近红外预测值与实测值之间的平均相对误差均小于5％,近红外光谱分析技术可初步用于烟草常规化学成分的快速定量分析。     

电磁相分离法制备自生表层复合材料

采用电磁相分离法制备出以初生富铁相（AlSiFeMn复杂金属间化合物）为增强相，表层硬度为HB62．25，基体硬度为HB59．00的Al-11.70%Si-1.20?-1.50%Mn合金自生表层复合材料，增强相的显微硬度为HV 842。87，大小为20－80μm，该表层复合材料同基体材料相比，耐磨性提高了57．41％，所用方法工艺过程简单，成本低，为解决材料在服役环境中不同部位，不同性能的问题提供了新途径。     

半固态ZnAl27合金挤压成形金相组织研究

对常规ZnAl2 7合金和经机械搅拌得到的半固态ZnAl2 7合金材料进行了挤压成形试验 ,分析了合金在挤压成形后得到的试件的金相组织。结果表明 ,半固态ZnAl2 7合金挤压成形件的组织极为均匀细小。     

Low-temperature magnetic properties of horse spleen ferritin

The magnetic properties of the antiferromagnetic cores in ferritin are of importance in the construction and improvement of ferritin-based magnetic resonance imaging systems and their application to environmental magnetism. In this study, we carry out integrated magnetic and transmission electron microscopy analyses of horse spleen ferritin (HoSF) to understand the relationships between the magnetic behavior of HoSF and temperature, applied field and grain-size distributions. The R-value from the Wohlfarth-Cisowski test for the investigated sample at 5 K was 0.46, indicating very weak magnetostatic interactions among the nanoparticles of HoSF. The nanoparticles of HoSF show superparamagnetic properties at room temperature, while below the blocking temperature of T _b ≈ 12 K it has a net magnetic moment that comes from the uncompensated spins of the nanoparticle surface or spin-canting. The thermal relaxation process of HoSF follows the Néel-Arrhenius expression. From low-temperature AC susceptibility data, we calculated the effective magnetic anisotropy energy E _a=(5.52±0.16)×10^?21 J; the effective magnetic anisotropy energy constant K _eff =(4.65±0.14)×10⁴ J/m³ and the pre-exponential frequency factor f ₀=(4.52±2.93)×10¹¹ Hz. These values are useful in understanding the magnetic behavior of the antiferromagnetic nanoparticles and their potential application in biomedical technology.     

Two-and three-electrode impedance spectroscopic studies of graphite electrode in the first lithiation

The first lithiation of graphite electrode was investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS） and scanning electron microscope （SEM） in a two-electrode button cell and a three-electrode glass cell. The results demonstrate that the study of the variation of EIS feature of the graphite electrode in the two-electrode button cell with electrode polarization potential decreasing in the first lithiation cannot be used to investigate the formation mechanism of the solid electrolyte interphase （SEI） film. However, the formation and growth process of the SEI film can be acquired by investigating the variation of EIS features of the graphite electrode in the three-electrode glass cell with the decrease of electrode polarization potential in the first lithiation. Moreover, the results also point out that the SEI film on graphite electrode is mainly formed between 1.0 and 0.6 V in the first lithiation.     

Enhancive effect of N,N′-dinitrosopiperazine on inducing precancerous lesion on nasal and/or nasopharyngeal epithelia of TgN(p53mt-LMP1)/HT mice

Objective: To investigate the enhancive effect of N,N′-dinitrosopiperazine (DNP) on induced carcinogenesis in nasal and/or nasopharyngeal epithelia among TgN(p53mt-LMP1)/HT transgenic mice to examine the underlying mechanism for the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods: TgN(p53mt-LMP1)/HT transgenic mice and the same strain of C₅₇BL/6J wild-type mice both at the age of 5 months were randomly divided into 2 groups in parallel, respectively, i.e., TgN(p53mt-LMP1)/HT cancerous lesion-inducing group (TI), TgN(p53mt-LMP1)/HT control group (TC), C₅₇BL/6J cancerous lesion-inducing group (CI), and C₅₇BL/6J control group (CC). TI and CI mice were treated only with DNP for 16 weeks, twice each week, while TC and CC mice were given the same volume of saline as controls. At the end of treatment, animals were sacrificed to collect epithelial tissue samples from nasal cavity and nasopharynx for pathohistological evaluation by haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and for determination on the expression of TRAF2, c-Jun, and p16 by immunohistochemistry. Results: Atypical hyperplasia was more significant in the samples of TI than in those of TC, CI, and CC, with the rates of lesions being 90%, 10%, 0, and 0 (P<0.01) respectively, though DNP was used alone in a much shortened inducing period at less dosage and without the use of carcinogenic promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate as usual. The expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) and c-Jun in these samples were significantly up-regulated in TI (P<0.01), while the expression of p16 was significantly lower in TI than in the other groups (P<0.01). Conclusion: TgN(p53mt-LMP1)/HT mice hold inherited constitutional defect in immune surveillance function, which can be aggravated by environmental carcinogens, such as DNP used even though in a much less strength. The enhanced carcinogenesis-inducing effect of DNP on TgN(p53mt-LMP1)/HT mice should be closely associated with abnormal signaling of activator protein-1 (AP-1) pathway, especially up-regulated expressions of TRAF2 and c-Jun, and down-regulated expression of p16.     

大宝山矿周边污染土壤重金属生物有效性评估

 分析了6种单一提取剂HCl、DTPA、CaCl₂、NH₄ NO₃、MgCl₂、去离子水对大宝山矿周边上坝村受污染菜地（生菜、芥菜、蕹菜）土壤中Pb、Zn、Cu和Cd生物可利用性的指示能力。结果表明：3种菜地的HCl、DTPA提取态的Pb,CaCl₂、NH₄NO₃和MgCl₂提取态的Zn,CaCl₂提取态的Cd可以比较好地反映金属的生物有效性;而3种蔬菜中的Cu与土壤6种提取态的Cu均没有显著的相关性。土壤样品中铁锰氧化物对Pb、Zn、Cu和Cd的固定作用直接影响该4种重金属的析出,并且Cu、Cd和Pb所受的影响要强于Zn。结果还表明,与地上部分相比蔬菜地下部分的重金属含量能更准确地反映重金属从土壤向植物中的转移。     

关于保持内蒙古城镇化稳步发展的思考

“十一五”时期,内蒙古自治区经济社会发展的主要目标：到“十一五”末内蒙古的城镇化水平达到55%左右.现阶段内蒙古人口城镇化已进入中期加速阶段,但在多年推进城镇化的过程中也积累了一些问题,如何有效地解决这些问题,对内蒙古城镇化建设继续平稳发展有重要意义.本文借助ARCGIS软件对2003年内蒙古旗县统计资料进行处理,发现内蒙古旗县城镇化城市规模偏小,总数偏少,分布散的,辐射带动力弱的问题,以及城镇化率与城镇化实质存在偏差,产业结构、经济结构不尽合理,城乡差距加大,城市设施水平大多没有跟上城镇化速度的问题.为保证内蒙古城镇化快速平稳前进,要继续重点发展大中城市,进一步搞好小城镇建设;产业结构调整与城镇化发展良性互动;关注“三农”问题,保证城镇化进程稳步前进;搞好基础设施建设,提高城镇化质量.     

MB模型的修正及应用

由于MB模型存在3个缺陷,工程上会引入无法接受的误差.本文修正了MB模型的后两个缺陷.针对第2个缺陷,提出了实际临界接触面积、最小有效分形维数、量纲一的最大有效分形粗糙度参数、最小有效材料特性等术语.根据MB模型和提出的计算术语,对两弹塑性接触粗糙表面的接触行为及界面的静摩擦因数进行了研究.研究结果表明：界面的静摩擦因数首先随分形维数的增加而增加,然后随分形维数的增加而减小;界面的静摩擦因数随分形粗糙度参数的增加而减小,但随材料特性的增加而增加,也随总法向载荷的增加而增加;当分形维数较小或分形粗糙度参数较大或材料特性较小时,静摩擦因数-量纲一的总法向载荷曲线为凸弧.     

Effect of milling process on the core-shell structures and dielectric properties of fine-grained BaTiO3-based X7R ceramic materials

Fine-grained BaTiO₃-based X7R ceramic materials were prepared and the effects of milling process on the core-shell structures and dielectric properties were investigated using scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). As the milling time extends, the dielectric constant of the ceramics increases, whereas the temperature coefficient of capacitance at 125℃ drops quickly. The changes in dielectric properties are considered relevant to the microstructure evolution caused by the milling process. Defects on the surface of BaTiO₃ particles increase because of the effects of milling process, which will make it easier for additives to diffuse into the interior grains. As the milling time increases, the shell region gets thicker and the core region gets smaller; however, EDS results show that the chemical inhomogeneity between grain core and grain shell becomes weaker.