耶鲁大学图书馆信息服务最新进展及启示

耶鲁大学图书馆是仅次于哈佛大学的美国第二大大学图书馆。对耶鲁大学图书馆信息服务的最新进展进行了分析和研究,借鉴耶鲁大学图书馆的经验,指出了我国大学图书馆信息服务发展的4个方向。     

高校图书馆阅览室的管理与读者服务探析

阐述了高校图书馆阅览室管理模式的转变、藏书结构的优化及人性化管理的实施,提出了做好阅览室读者服务工作的具体措施,并指出图书馆员只有通过加强继续教育,提高自身综合素质,才能与时俱进,做好读者服务工作。     

基于不确定语言信息的尾矿库安全综合评价方法

为了准确的评价尾矿库的安全等级,运用相关性分析,建立了相互独立指标的尾矿库安全评价指标体系,采用IT-WAA和IT-CWAA算子对不确定性的尾矿库安全区间语义信息进行集结,建立了基于区间二元语义集结算子的尾矿库安全综合评价模型。研究结果表明:该尾矿库安全评价方法能有效避免语言评价信息的失真,更切合客观实际。该成果对尾矿库安全评价及其安全管理具有一定的参考价值和指导意义。     

学科馆员服务“破冰”模式浅析——以成都理工大学图书馆为例

10余年来,随着信息环境的变化,学科馆员服务得到了一定的发展。但是,仍有部分图书馆由于种种原因无法顺利推进该项服务,需要一个切实可行的＂破冰＂模式。以成都理工大学图书馆为例,从顶层支持、管理、服务和人员素养4个方面,探讨了在不改变原有机构设置的基础上打破传统服务模式的问题。     

引用次序对类目体系建立的影响

复合主题的文献在进行信息标引的时候,按照不同的标引次序所组成的类目体系是不相同的,因而也就造成检索结果的不同。通过分析采用不同引用次序对建立类目体系的影响,从而得出根据不同的需要采用相应的引用次序。     

对阳光体育特征的认识与思考

阳光体育是处于初级阶段的，是顺应时代要求的，是对学校体育的一种提升，有其科学的内涵和健康的本质。目前，阳光体育正以鲜明的政治要求，继续加大专项资金投入。我们应放眼国内外，探索开创阳光体育市场，不断积累文化底蕴，打造阳光体育文化品牌，勇于实践，塑造中流砥柱的典型阳光体育活动。     

Glucose sensing by POMC neurons regulates glucose homeostasis and is impaired in obesity

A subset of neurons in the brain, known as 'glucose-excited' neurons, depolarize and increase their firing rate in response to increases in extracellular glucose. Similar to insulin secretion by pancreatic beta-cells, glucose excitation of neurons is driven by ATP-mediated closure of ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channels. Although beta-cell-like glucose sensing in neurons is well established, its physiological relevance and contribution to disease states such as type 2 diabetes remain unknown. To address these issues, we disrupted glucose sensing in glucose-excited pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons via transgenic expression of a mutant Kir6.2 subunit (encoded by the Kcnj11 gene) that prevents ATP-mediated closure of K(ATP) channels. Here we show that this genetic manipulation impaired the whole-body response to a systemic glucose load, demonstrating a role for glucose sensing by POMC neurons in the overall physiological control of blood glucose. We also found that glucose sensing by POMC neurons became defective in obese mice on a high-fat diet, suggesting that loss of glucose sensing by neurons has a role in the development of type 2 diabetes. The mechanism for obesity-induced loss of glucose sensing in POMC neurons involves uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), a mitochondrial protein that impairs glucose-stimulated ATP production. UCP2 negatively regulates glucose sensing in POMC neurons. We found that genetic deletion of Ucp2 prevents obesity-induced loss of glucose sensing, and that acute pharmacological inhibition of UCP2 reverses loss of glucose sensing. We conclude that obesity-induced, UCP2-mediated loss of glucose sensing in glucose-excited neurons might have a pathogenic role in the development of type 2 diabetes.     

Genome-wide detection and characterization of positive selection in human populations

With the advent of dense maps of human genetic variation, it is now possible to detect positive natural selection across the human genome. Here we report an analysis of over 3 million polymorphisms from the International HapMap Project Phase 2 (HapMap2). We used 'long-range haplotype' methods, which were developed to identify alleles segregating in a population that have undergone recent selection, and we also developed new methods that are based on cross-population comparisons to discover alleles that have swept to near-fixation within a population. The analysis reveals more than 300 strong candidate regions. Focusing on the strongest 22 regions, we develop a heuristic for scrutinizing these regions to identify candidate targets of selection. In a complementary analysis, we identify 26 non-synonymous, coding, single nucleotide polymorphisms showing regional evidence of positive selection. Examination of these candidates highlights three cases in which two genes in a common biological process have apparently undergone positive selection in the same population:LARGE and DMD, both related to infection by the Lassa virus, in West Africa;SLC24A5 and SLC45A2, both involved in skin pigmentation, in Europe; and EDAR and EDA2R, both involved in development of hair follicles, in Asia.     

复指数多项式在Hardy空间中的完备性

对复指数多项式在Bamch空间Hpa(1≤ρ≤2)中的完备性给出了充要条件,其中Hρa为开半带形Ia={z=x iy:x＞0,│y│＜a}(a＞0)中的Hardy空间.