21世纪的住宅与居住环境设计的探讨

面对科学技术高度发达的 2 1世纪 ,人们将对住宅提出更高的需求。本文从住宅的合理套型设计、环保节能、智能化设计、居住环境、可持续性发展等方面进行了探讨。     

机动目标的模糊自适应跟踪算法

在当前统计模型的基础上，提出了一种基于当前统计模型(CS)的模糊自适应算法(CSFA)。该算法使用了模糊推理技术，使系统状态噪声方差随着机动特性能够自适应调整，提高了系统在目标作非机动或者弱机动时的跟踪精度以及在强机动时的快速响应能力。蒙特卡罗仿真结果表明了该算法的有效性。     

Different life histories of brook trout populations invading mid-elevation and high-elevation cutthroat trout streams in Colorado

Brook Trout ( Salvelinus fontinalis ), native to eastern North America, have invaded many montane cold-water systems of western North America, and these invasions are implicated in the decline of native cutthroat trout ( Oncorhynchus clarki ). If fisheries biologists are to be effective in managing brook trout invasions, demographic models that predict invasion success will need to incorporate life history variation in different environments. We tested whether brook trout populations invading streams at 2 different elevations varied in life history characteristics that influence population dynamics and potential invasion success. In the high-elevation stream (3195 m), water temperatures were colder and brook trout apparently grew more slowly (i.e., had shorter lengths-at-age), became sexually mature 2 years later, and had life spans 2 to 3 times longer than those in the mid-elevation stream (2683 m). This flexibility in life history may allow brook trout to maximize their chance of establishment and invasion success among elevations. We propose that in mid-elevation streams fast growth and early maturity maximize fitness and can lead to rapid establishment and high population growth rates. In high-elevation streams, slow growth, later maturity, and a long reproductive life span may allow brook trout to successfully establish populations in these marginal habitats where recruitment is often poor.     

非线性A_f-B_g型自由基交替共聚反应的统计理论

利用高分子反应统计理论 ,得到了非线性Af-Bg 型自由基交替共聚反应的溶胶分数 ,溶胶 -凝胶分配方程和反应体系的凝胶化条件 ,这些结果是进一步研究与凝胶网络性能相关的网络结构参数的基础 .     

中国双距拟天牛属分类(鞘翅目,拟天牛科)

对中国双距拟天牛属Diplectrus Kirsch,1866进行了分类整理,给出已知种检索表,描述1新种:二斑双距拟天牛D.bistigmaeus sp.nov.(中国:西藏)和1中国新纪录种:栗色双距拟天牛D.casta-neicollisvihla,1999.模式标本保存于河北大学博物馆.     

含氢类金刚石碳膜的拉曼光谱洛伦兹分解

利用射频等离子体增强化学气相沉积(rf PECVD)工艺在不锈钢基底上制备a-C:H膜,利用激光Raman光谱表征所沉积碳膜的微观结构,特别是通过对拉曼谱图进行洛伦兹分解来评价所沉积碳膜的sp3含量,分析了沉积电压和过渡层对a-C:H膜生长过程及膜中sp3含量的影响.结果表明,利用拉曼光谱的洛伦兹分解能够有效分析a-C:H的结构特性,碳膜沉积过程中沉积电压和过渡层对a-C:H膜的生长均具有重要影响.在本实验条件下,以Ti/TiN/TiC为过渡层沉积电压为2500 V时所制备的a-C:H膜中的sp3含量最高.     

路面不平度影响下的悬架动载计算

建立了包含阻尼的悬架系统振动微分方程,运用现代控制工程理论进行拉普拉斯变换,以解线性方程组与待定系数的方法求解传递函数解析解,通过拉普拉斯反变换求出振幅解析解.在对拉普拉斯变换及解析解进行细致的分析后发现,可以有选择地进行变换,以求出易于表达与分析的解析解.同时将路面谱看作多个正弦函数的叠加,在车辆稳态运动的情况下,运用线性系统输出叠加原理,得出了振幅的简捷有效解析解表达式,避免了一系列求解过程;用数值方法求出了主动悬架的动载荷;本方法用VB编程.本软件为悬架的动态可靠性设计与分析提供了载荷方面的准备.     

Distributional records for the Colorado flora II

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改进型梯形镜空间光束整形分析

提出了一种结合倾斜柱面反射镜光束整形和梯形镜光束整形装置。对这种新型梯形镜光束整形装置的改进设计分析及数值模拟,展现了其良好的工程应用前景和实用价值。     

城市交通信号控制系统现状与发展

城市交通信号控制系统控制着城市经济活动的命脉,其效率高低直接影响着社会经济的发展,因而备受社会各界关注.文章首先简单回顾了城市交通信号控制系统的发展过程,从控制模型、优化算法等方面分析和讨论了TRANSYT、SCOOT和SCATS等几个国外典型的交通信号控制系统,并指出了它们的特点和不足;然后分析了南京NUTCS、海信HiCon和深圳SMOOTH等三个国内有代表性的交通信号控制系统,综述了国内该领域的研究成果和现状;最后从公交优先、混合交通、标准化和模块化、控制方式智能化以及系统集成化等五个方面对交通信号控制系统的发展方向提出了展望和建设性建议.