Melatonin and mitochondrial function during ischemia/reperfusion injury

Ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury occurs in many organs and tissues, and contributes to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Melatonin, an endogenously produced indolamine, provides a strong defense against IR injury. Mitochondrion, an organelle for ATP production and a decider for cell fate, has been validated to be a crucial target for melatonin to exert its protection against IR injury. In this review, we first clarify the mechanisms underlying mitochondrial dysfunction during IR and melatonin’s protection of mitochondria under this condition. Thereafter, special focus is placed on the protective actions of melatonin against IR injury in brain, heart, liver, and others. Finally, we explore several potential future directions of research in this area. Collectively, the information compiled here will serve as a comprehensive reference for the actions of melatonin in IR injury identified to date and will hopefully aid in the design of future research and increase the potential of melatonin as a therapeutic agent.     

Wigner-Ville distribution and cross Wigner-Ville distribution of noisy signals

The Wigner-Ville distribution （WVD） and the cross Wigner-Ville distribution （XWVD） have been shown to be efficient in the estimation of instantaneous frequency （IF）. But the statistical result of the IF estimation from XWVD peak is much better than using WVD peak. The reason is given from a statistical point of view. Theoretical studies show that XWVD of the analyzed signal can be estimated from XWVD of the noise-contaminated signal. The estimation is unbiased, and the variance is equal to that of noise. In this case, WVD cannot be estimated from W-VD of the noise-contaminated signal. Therefore, higher SNR is required when WVD is used to analyze signals.     

Error analysis on heading determination via genetic algorithms

1 .INTRODUCTIONHigh-accuracy headinginformationis ani mportantparameter which is used to ensure the security ofships and the kilter of the weapon systems . One ofthe main factors which affect the precision of navi-gation devices’heading information is initial erec-tion error and drift error of the devices . Dynamicinitial calibrationin dockis al ways a difficult prob-lem when navigation devices are first installed orthe ships are mooring. This results a series ofharmful effects such as l…     

纳米TiO2的应用

纳米TiO2因其具有更为独特的性能,例如优异的紫外屏蔽作用、透明无毒、奇特的颜色及光催化作用等,引起了人们的普遍关注,对它的制备、性能和应用展开了深入的研究.本文概述了纳米TiO2在有机和无机废水处理、杀菌、空气净化、紫外屏蔽、表面自清洁材料、高级涂料、静电屏蔽、红外吸收、红外反射、隐身材料及增强增韧材料等方面的应用和最新研究进展.     

求解变分不等式与不动点问题的惯性次梯度外梯度算法

提出了一种求解变分不等式与不动点问题的惯性次梯度外梯度算法,证明了其弱收敛性定理,通过数值实验验证所得的理论结果.     

Connecting informal networks to management of tacit knowledge

The relationship between tacit knowledge and informal networks has not been fully explored.Tacit knowledge cannot be well managed directly,because it is deeply embedded in individual actions and experiences.This study proposes an approach to managing informal networks as a new middle way to facilitate the sharing and transferring of tacit knowledge,owing to the fact that tacit knowledge is mostly shared and transferred through informal networks.To support the idea of the approach,an empirical case study of applying the approach to management of a large scientific project is also included.Our findings suggest that informal networks play essential roles for management of tacit knowledge,and thus good management of informal networks can lead to efficient sharing and transferring of tacit knowledge.     

透明致密单质钠

传统高压理论认为,高压可有效缩短金属的原子间距,导致价带和导带展宽,进而使其金属性增强。然而,目前实验可达到的压力条件已足以将物质压缩到芯电子发生重叠的状态。这一高压效应会使金属发生复杂的结构相变而具有独特的晶体结构和新奇的电子性质。曾有理论预言,简单金属锂和钠在高压下会出现原子配对而导致的绝缘相,但这一预言没有得到其它理论和实验的支持。本研究将理论模拟和高压实验测量相结合,发现金属钠在200万大气压下转变为一种新型物质状态——光学透明的宽带隙绝缘态。绝缘态钠具有简单而独特的晶体结构——c轴高度压缩的双六角密堆结构。高压钠的绝缘态不是早期理论预言的原子配对的结果,而是p和d轨道电子杂化,以及芯电子云之间高度交叠的结果。钠原子的价电子受芯电子排斥而高度局域在晶格间隙中,这些在间隙中被"冻结"的价电子完全失去了自由电子的特性,表现出绝缘体的特性。当压力足够使原子的芯电子发生强烈重叠时,这种新型绝缘状态可以在其它元素和化合物中广泛存在。     

Effects of maternal aging on localizations and expression levels of DNA methyltransferases and chromosome architecture in in-vivo matured mouse oocytes

This paper investigated the age-related changes in the expression patterns of maintenance methyltransferase (DNMT1) and de novo methyltransferases (DNMT3a, 3b, 3L) and the chromosome architecture in in-vivo matured mouse oocytes using two-photon laser-scanning microscope. Our results showed that (1) DNMT1 and DNMT3a, 3b, 3L in the oocytes of pubertal mice were located in the cortical region of oocyte cytoplasm. In aging groups, DNMT1 was also located in the cortical region. However, DNMT3a, 3b, 3L had a relatively wider distribution in the oocyte cytoplasm and appeared near the chromosomes. These differences between pubertal and aging groups suggested that aging might affect DNA methylation; (2) the expression of DNMT1, and DNMT3a, 3b in aging groups increased significantly compared to pubertal groups, while, the expression of DNMT3L decreased. These results might be explained by the compensation mechanism among DNMTs, which might be impervious to aging; (3) aging caused increased errors in the distribution and three-dimensional morphology of chromosomes, including the increased total volume and surface area, the high ratio of height to diameter of a circular cylinder enclosing the chromosomes (H/D). Our work provided morphological information for the studies of age-related decline in oocyte qualities.     

法语在法国对外文化政策的地位及其在中国的表现

法语的推广在法国对外文化推广中的作用是非常重要的.文章将对法国对外文化政策的起源、社会背景、法语的重要地位以及结合中国实际进行了综合分析研究.