全文获取类型
收费全文 | 11477篇 |
免费 | 27篇 |
国内免费 | 28篇 |
专业分类
系统科学 | 72篇 |
丛书文集 | 28篇 |
教育与普及 | 40篇 |
理论与方法论 | 76篇 |
现状及发展 | 4315篇 |
研究方法 | 524篇 |
综合类 | 6208篇 |
自然研究 | 269篇 |
出版年
2013年 | 81篇 |
2012年 | 177篇 |
2011年 | 487篇 |
2010年 | 76篇 |
2008年 | 189篇 |
2007年 | 210篇 |
2006年 | 230篇 |
2005年 | 229篇 |
2004年 | 271篇 |
2003年 | 224篇 |
2002年 | 221篇 |
2001年 | 309篇 |
2000年 | 335篇 |
1999年 | 225篇 |
1992年 | 208篇 |
1991年 | 159篇 |
1990年 | 170篇 |
1989年 | 180篇 |
1988年 | 178篇 |
1987年 | 193篇 |
1986年 | 174篇 |
1985年 | 251篇 |
1984年 | 179篇 |
1983年 | 140篇 |
1982年 | 113篇 |
1981年 | 117篇 |
1980年 | 137篇 |
1979年 | 331篇 |
1978年 | 256篇 |
1977年 | 241篇 |
1976年 | 224篇 |
1975年 | 238篇 |
1974年 | 306篇 |
1973年 | 278篇 |
1972年 | 236篇 |
1971年 | 338篇 |
1970年 | 474篇 |
1969年 | 327篇 |
1968年 | 312篇 |
1967年 | 319篇 |
1966年 | 349篇 |
1965年 | 223篇 |
1964年 | 98篇 |
1959年 | 108篇 |
1958年 | 209篇 |
1957年 | 118篇 |
1956年 | 130篇 |
1955年 | 101篇 |
1954年 | 84篇 |
1948年 | 127篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 203 毫秒
991.
992.
Orconectes virilis (northern crayfish) were collected from 67 sites in Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and far-western Ontario, Canada, and yielded 2 species of branchiobdellidans, Cambarincola vitreus and Cambarincola chirocephalus. This is the first report of branchiobdellidans in the Prairie Provinces. Cambarincola vitreus was distributed across the study area, but C. chirocephalus appeared to be restricted to southeastern Saskatchewan, southern Manitoba, and the site in western Ontario. Neither branchiobdellidan species was observed on crayfish in the Beaver River or the South Saskatchewan River and associated tributaries upstream (west) of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, despite multiple sampling at these locations. 相似文献
993.
Vivek S. Peche Tad A. Holak Bhagyashri D. Burgute Kosmas Kosmas Sushant P. Kale F. Thomas Wunderlich Fatiha Elhamine Robert Stehle Gabriele Pfitzer Klaus Nohroudi Klaus Addicks Florian Stöckigt Jan W. Schrickel Julia Gallinger Michael Schleicher Angelika A. Noegel 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2013,70(3):527-543
Cyclase-associated proteins are highly conserved proteins that have a role in the regulation of actin dynamics. Higher eukaryotes have two isoforms, CAP1 and CAP2. To study the in vivo function of CAP2, we generated mice in which the CAP2 gene was inactivated by a gene-trap approach. Mutant mice showed a decrease in body weight and had a decreased survival rate. Further, they developed a severe cardiac defect marked by dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) associated with drastic reduction in basal heart rate and prolongations in atrial and ventricular conduction times. Moreover, CAP2-deficient myofibrils exhibited reduced cooperativity of calcium-regulated force development. At the microscopic level, we observed disarrayed sarcomeres with development of fibrosis. We analyzed CAP2’s role in actin assembly and found that it sequesters G-actin and efficiently fragments filaments. This activity resides completely in its WASP homology domain. Thus CAP2 is an essential component of the myocardial sarcomere and is essential for physiological functioning of the cardiac system, and a deficiency leads to DCM and various cardiac defects. 相似文献
994.
The seven species of Clinohelea known to inhabit North America are described and illustrated, and a key is provided for identification. Two species groups are recognized: the unimaculata group and the bimaculata group. Clinohelea longitheca and C. pseudonubifera are new. Clino - helea nebulosa (Malloch) is a synonym of C. curriei (Coquillett) NEW SYNONOMY. 相似文献
995.
996.
997.
Robert W. Buckheit III Maria Salgado Karen O. Martins Joel N. Blankson 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2013,70(6):1009-1019
The mechanisms by which a small percentage of HIV-1 infected individuals known as elite suppressors or controllers are able to control viral replication are not fully understood. Early cases of viremic control were attributed to infection with defective virus, but subsequent work has demonstrated that infection with a defective virus is not the exclusive cause of control. Replication-competent virus has been isolated from patients who control viral replication, and studies have demonstrated that evolution occurs in plasma virus but not in virus isolates from the latent reservoir. Additionally, transmission pair studies have demonstrated that patients infected with similar viruses can have dramatically different outcomes of infection. An increased understanding of the viral factors associated with control is important to understand the interplay between viral replication and host control, and has implications for the design of an effective therapeutic vaccine that can lead to a functional cure of HIV-1 infection. 相似文献
998.
R.E.W. Maddison 《Annals of science》2013,70(2):196-198
999.
W. Fuller L. B. Tulloch M. J. Shattock S. C. Calaghan J. Howie K. J. Wypijewski 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2013,70(8):1357-1380
In cardiac muscle, the sarcolemmal sodium/potassium ATPase is the principal quantitative means of active transport at the myocyte cell surface, and its activity is essential for maintaining the trans-sarcolemmal sodium gradient that drives ion exchange and transport processes that are critical for cardiac function. The 72-residue phosphoprotein phospholemman regulates the sodium pump in the heart: unphosphorylated phospholemman inhibits the pump, and phospholemman phosphorylation increases pump activity. Phospholemman is subject to a remarkable plethora of post-translational modifications for such a small protein: the combination of three phosphorylation sites, two palmitoylation sites, and one glutathionylation site means that phospholemman integrates multiple signaling events to control the cardiac sodium pump. Since misregulation of cytosolic sodium contributes to contractile and metabolic dysfunction during cardiac failure, a complete understanding of the mechanisms that control the cardiac sodium pump is vital. This review explores our current understanding of these mechanisms. 相似文献
1000.
Nathan W. Cummins Andrew D. Badley 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2013,70(18):3355-3363
Past efforts at curing infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been blocked by the resistance of some infected cells to viral cytopathic effects and the associated development of a latent viral reservoir. Furthermore, current efforts to clear the viral reservoir by means of reactivating latent virus are hampered by the lack of cell death in the newly productively infected cells. The purpose of this review is to describe the many anti-apoptotic mechanisms of HIV, as well as the current limitations in the field. Only by understanding how infected cells avoid HIV-induced cell death can an effective strategy to kill infected cells be developed. 相似文献