Multifractal analysis of resting state fMRI series in default mode network: age and gender effects

Age-related changes of resting state in default mode network （DMN） may provide new clues to the developing mechanism of normal brain as well as early diagnosis and therapy of some neuropsychiatric disorders. The application of multifractal theory to functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI） signals has recently raised increasing attention. We aim to explore the multifractal characteristics underlying the resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging （rs-fMRI） series extracted from DMN, and two issues are mainly discussed： （1） whether there exist multifractals in rs-fMRI series; （2） whether it is possible to distinguish between the different ages or genders by means of multifractal characteristics. Results demon- strated the existence of multifractals in rs-fMRI series in DMN. In addition, slight differences between young subjects and middle-aged or elderly subjects can be successfully detected by △asα, a modified measure we proposed. Furthermore, it is revealed that the rs-fMRI series from young subjects possess smaller averaged scale index and weaker long range correlation, while those from middle-aged or elderly people present increasing averaged scale index andstronger long range correlation. Whereas no significant statistical differences has been found between male and female group. Our results, therefore, highlight the potential useful- ness of multifractal analysis in fMRI series of a certain brain region, and provide important insights into healthy aging in DMN.     

Comprehensive analysis of the chromatin landscape in Drosophila melanogaster

Chromatin is composed of DNA and a variety of modified histones and non-histone proteins, which have an impact on cell differentiation, gene regulation and other key cellular processes. Here we present a genome-wide chromatin landscape for Drosophila melanogaster based on eighteen histone modifications, summarized by nine prevalent combinatorial patterns. Integrative analysis with other data (non-histone chromatin proteins, DNase I hypersensitivity, GRO-Seq reads produced by engaged polymerase, short/long RNA products) reveals discrete characteristics of chromosomes, genes, regulatory elements and other functional domains. We find that active genes display distinct chromatin signatures that are correlated with disparate gene lengths, exon patterns, regulatory functions and genomic contexts. We also demonstrate a diversity of signatures among Polycomb targets that include a subset with paused polymerase. This systematic profiling and integrative analysis of chromatin signatures provides insights into how genomic elements are regulated, and will serve as a resource for future experimental investigations of genome structure and function.     

Crystal structure of the ligand-free G-protein-coupled receptor opsin

In the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) rhodopsin, the inactivating ligand 11-cis-retinal is bound in the seven-transmembrane helix (TM) bundle and is cis/trans isomerized by light to form active metarhodopsin II. With metarhodopsin II decay, all-trans-retinal is released, and opsin is reloaded with new 11-cis-retinal. Here we present the crystal structure of ligand-free native opsin from bovine retinal rod cells at 2.9 ?ngstr?m (A) resolution. Compared to rhodopsin, opsin shows prominent structural changes in the conserved E(D)RY and NPxxY(x)(5,6)F regions and in TM5-TM7. At the cytoplasmic side, TM6 is tilted outwards by 6-7 A, whereas the helix structure of TM5 is more elongated and close to TM6. These structural changes, some of which were attributed to an active GPCR state, reorganize the empty retinal-binding pocket to disclose two openings that may serve the entry and exit of retinal. The opsin structure sheds new light on ligand binding to GPCRs and on GPCR activation.     

新型铸造铝合金的耐酸雨腐蚀性能研究

本文模拟酸雨试验研究了酸雨的PH值及温度对新型铸造铝合金进行耐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:在模拟酸雨试验中,随着腐蚀液PH值的降低、温度的升高试样的腐蚀速率增加,随着试验时间的延长试样的腐蚀速率降低。含Cr铝合金有较好的耐酸雨腐蚀性能。     

东北地区晚古生代地层划分与对比

对赤峰-开源断裂带以北、内蒙古贺根山以东的东北地区晚古生代地层进行了综合地层学研究。将上古生界划分为4个地层区11个地层分区;进行了岩石地层单位清理;在全区晚古生代建立了2个牙形刺带、9个■带、12个珊瑚带、16个腕足带、6个头足(含菊石)带、1个双壳带和7个植物带等共计53个生物带,其中前人建立42个带,此次新建11个带。根据岩石地层、生物地层研究资料,结合同位素测年数据确立了各地层分区的代表性岩石地层单位的时代,建立了该区多重地层划分对比表,为岩相古地理图的编制打下基础。     

构建古代文学课程体系的研究

充分开发利用古代文学深厚丰富的思想文化宝藏,建构古代文学课程体系,有效地培养学生古代文学的综合素质。     

基于安全风险的恶劣天气下高速公路建议车速确定方法

为了提高恶劣天气下高速公路交通安全水平,实施更加科学有效的高速公路车速管理策略,提出了基于安全风险的恶劣天气下高速公路建议车速确定方法。综合考虑交通安全风险影响因素,基于贝叶斯Logistic回归建立交通风险评估模型,利用模糊C-均值聚类算法进行交通风险等级划分并得到了风险阈值。在此基础上提出了不同天气条件下安全车速的两步计算方法,即先根据交通风险分布,在风险小于阈值的交通流状态中选取车辆运行速度的第85%位车速作为初定安全行驶车速,后利用停车视距原理进行修正,最终得到恶劣天气下高速公路建议车速。并以G15沈海高速(上海段)为例,展示了计算方法,给出了雾天不同能见度条件下高速公路建议车速取值。     

A Systems Theoretical Approach to Interoperability of Information

A rapid process of hybridisation of man and technology, organisation and technology and society and technology is currently sweeping the world. This process requires a way of (scientific) thinking that takes hybrid systems as the starting point. Such an approach makes it increasingly important for hybrid systems to be interlinked, enabling them to exchange and share information through these links. This linking of (hybrid) systems to enable them to exchange and share information can also be denoted as the realisation of interoperability between (hybrid) systems. Five principles from Luhmann’s systems theory can help us understand interoperability. Interoperability enables (hybrid) systems to join random coalitions and networks. The network centric warfare concept is currently the basis for international efforts aimed at the development and application of interoperability that would enable armed forces to act effectively and efficiently. This paper demonstrates what we can learn from Luhmann’s system’s theory.