2-取代苯并咪唑衍生物的定量分析

传统非水滴定方法分析苯并咪唑衍生物的含量，由于受到杂质中胺类化合物的影响，造成结果偏高，甚至达到100%以上。文中采用薄层层析法分离苯并咪唑衍生物及杂质，首先分离出苯并咪唑衍生物，然后用非水滴定方法分析含量，得到了准确的分析结果。初步确定影响分析结果的杂质为未完全反应的原料之一邻苯二胺。     

基于载荷均衡的韧性配电网分布式故障恢复

韧性电力系统旨在应对电力系统的极端事件,高效的故障恢复是提高配电网韧性的重要手段。为了提升配电网的韧性,提出了基于载荷均衡的分布式故障恢复方法。首先,相邻馈线终端单元根据故障恢复区负荷、相邻馈线容量及负载率,计算各相邻馈线完成故障恢复后的负载率期望值。然后,各相邻馈线终端单元均以该期望值为目标,分别完成各自的故障恢复路径。最后,根据各相邻馈线的故障恢复路径形成故障恢复区的故障恢复方案。算例分析结果表明,该方法在保证各馈线载荷均衡的前提下可以有效而快速地实现故障恢复。     

HDPE固相接枝丙烯酸的研究

以过氧化苯甲酰（ＢＰＯ）为引发剂、二甲苯为界面剂，研究丙烯酸（ＡＡ）在粉料高密度聚乙烯（ＨＤＰＥ）上的固相接枝反应．红外光谱证实了该接枝反应。Ｘ光衍射发现接枝后的ＨＤＰＥ结晶度下降不多，表明接核反应发生在ＨＤＰＥ的无定区域和晶区表面或晶区缺陷上。实验还发现，随着引发剂用量、ＨＤＰＥ颗粒度的增加，反应温度的升高，单体／聚合物比增加，接枝率提高。本研究制得的ＨＤＰＥ—ｇ—ＡＡ，其接枝率可高达１５．９２％。     

纳米片组装的花球状BiOI光催化剂

以硝酸铋和碘化钾为原料,水和乙二醇单甲醚的混合液为溶剂,通过水-溶剂热反应制备BiOI可见光光催化剂。采用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、紫外-可见-漫反射吸收光谱（UV-Vis-DRS）和Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)等方法对样品进行了测试和表征。以甲基橙作为模型污染物,测试了BiOI在可见光下的光催化活性,并探讨了其在可见光下的光催化机理。结果表明：乙二醇单甲醚在混合溶剂中的比例对于BiOI光催化剂的形貌和性能有显著影响,乙二醇单甲醚的体积分数为50%时降解效果最佳,降解率达到77.9%,约为纳米片状BiOI光催化剂的14倍。     

低分子有机酸对林地土壤磷释放及活化影响

为了解林地土壤中闭蓄态磷转化为有效磷的转化效率,以淮河流域固始县意杨林灰潮土为例,开展了在不同低分子有机酸、酸浓度及反应时间下灰潮土壤总磷(total phosphorus, TP)的释放及各形态磷,包括TP、无机磷(inorganic phosphorus, IP)、有机磷(organic phosphorus, OP)、Fe/Al-P和Ca-P的活化影响实验。结果表明：苹果酸、柠檬酸及草酸对土壤TP释放率分别增长了180%、161%和217%。苹果酸和柠檬酸对土壤TP的平均活化率均在164%以上,而草酸则在中浓度时才表现出活化作用。3种低分子有机酸均能有效促进灰潮土磷的释放与活化,且释放作用和有机酸种类、浓度及实验处理时间密切相关,活化作用也与酸种类和酸浓度相关性显著,研究结果为磷肥的合理施用和土壤有效磷的提升提供科学依据。     

平茬周期对沙柳林地土壤孔隙结构分形特征的影响

为揭示毛乌素沙地不同平茬周期的人工沙柳林地土壤孔隙的分形特征,阐明平茬周期对沙柳林地土壤孔隙结构特征的影响,以平茬周期为3、5、7a进行定期抚育的沙柳林地土壤为研究对象,通过低温氮气吸附试验研究了不同平茬周期沙柳林地0～50 cm土壤的孔隙结构参数及等温吸附曲线,采用Frenkel-Halsey-Hill模型计算孔隙表...     

Effects of crystallization on corrosion behaviours of a Ni-based bulk metallic glass

The effects of microstructure change on the corrosion behaviours of Ni₅₅Nb₂₀Ti₁₀Zr₈Co₇ bulk glass-forming alloy were investigated in 1 mol/L HCl and 0.5 mol/L H₂SO₄ solutions. Different microstructures of the Ni-based alloy were achieved by annealing the bulk glassy rod prepared by copper mould casting. The microstructure, grain size, grain distribution, and phase composition were characterized. Electrochemical behaviours of the Ni-based alloy were revealed by static immersion and anodic potentiodynamic polarization tests. It is indicated that the corrosion behaviours of the Ni-based bulk glass-forming alloy are related to its microstructures, while the fully crystallized alloy exhibits a relatively lower corrosion resistance than those of the amorphous states.     

五参胶囊镇静催眠作用及其机制的实验研究

目的观察五参胶囊(Wu Shen Capsules,WSh C)对小鼠镇静催眠作用的影响,并探讨其作用机制.方法将ICR小鼠随机分为对照组、五参胶囊高剂量组、中剂量组和低剂量组.五参胶囊高剂量组用药量为200 mg/(kg·d~(-1)),中剂量组用药量为100 mg/(kg·d~(-1)),低剂量组用药量为50 mg/(kg·d~(-1)),给药时间为15 d,于给药结束后进行小鼠自主活动实验和协同戊巴比妥钠阈上剂量睡眠时间实验,测定5 min内各组小鼠的活动次数和站立次数,记录各组小鼠的睡眠潜伏期和睡眠持续时间.采用酶联免疫吸附法检测小鼠下丘脑5-羟色胺(5-Hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)、5-羟吲哚乙酸(5-Hydroxyindole acetic acid,5-HIAA)、γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyric acid,GABA)、谷氨酸(glutamine,Glu)含量,并计算5-HIAA/5-HT比值及Glu/GABA比值.结果与对照组比较,WSh C各给药组小鼠活动次数减少,睡眠潜伏期缩短,睡眠持续时间延长(P0.01),WSh C能升高小鼠下丘脑5-HIAA含量和5-HIAA/5-HT比值,降低Glu含量和Glu/GABA比值.结论 WSh C具有明显镇静催眠作用,其机制可能与调节中枢兴奋性和抑制性神经递质有关.     

Two-dimensional self-organization of 1-nonanethiol-capped gold nanoparticles

A two-dimensional (2D) ordered hexagonal close-packed structure, formed by 1-nonanethiol-capped gold nanoparticles, is reported. The structure was constructed only by dipping the gold nanoparticle colloidal solution on flat substrate. The gold nanoparticles were synthesized as follows: First, AuCl₄^-1 was transferred from aqueous solution to toluene by the phase-transfer reagent of tetraoctylammonium bromide. Then it was reduced with aqueous sodium borohydride in the presence of a given amount of 1-nonanethiol molecules which was used to control the nucleation and growth of the gold nanoparticles for the desired size. The experimental techniques, such as UV-Vis, FT-IR, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), were employed to characterize the obtained product. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurement demonstrated the size of the gold nanoparticle and the formation of two-dimensional ordered hexagonal close-packed gold nanoparticle structure.     

Reduction of 1-3 mm iron ore by H2 in a fluidized bed

The reduction of 1-3 mm fine powder of iron ore by H₂ was conducted in a lab-fabricated kg class high temperature fluidized bed. The results show that the differential pressure in the fluidized bed, which has small fluctuation with time, increases with the increase of gas flowing velocity. The utilization ratio of gas decreases when the reaction lasts longer time indicating that the reaction is faster at the beginning of reduction and becomes slower in the latter process. The higher the reaction temperature is, the higher the utilization ratio of gas is, but the difference of utilization ratio among the different temperatures becomes smaller with time. The utilization ratio of gas and the metallization ratio can reach 9% and 84% respectively at 750℃ for 20 min, which shows the reduction reaction by H₂ is very fast. The increase of metallization ratio with gas velocity performs quite good linearity, which shows that a higher velocity of reducing gas can be used to improve the productivity of the reactor when H₂ is used as reducing gas. With the increase of charge height, the metallization ratio decreases, but the utilization ratio of gas increases. The reaction temperature can be reduced to 700-750℃ from 800-850℃ when H₂ is used as reducing gas.