柴油机燃用多种燃料的性能与排放特性

对生物柴油、乳化油、微乳化油作为一种环保节能型燃油的理化特性进行了分析,通过在YZ4102ZLQ型发动机上采用标准0#柴油、Karte生物柴油、微乳化柴油和微乳化生物柴油以及葵花籽油等燃料进行对比试验,研究了不同燃料对发动机性能和排放特性的影响.试验结果表明,在保持柴油机转速和功率不变的前提下,不同燃料的比油耗及热效率根据工况的变化而发生变化.植物油和生物柴油能有效地降低CO的排放,微乳化柴油能显著降低碳烟的排放,微乳化生物柴油能显著降低NOx和烟度排放,但HC和CO排放量升高.     

基于绿色通信的大规模MIMO天线选择算法

绿色通信是移动通信系统（例如5G系统）的主要特征之一。在大规模多输入多输出（multiple-input multiple-output, MIMO）系统中如何提高能源效率是一个重要研究课题,天线选择是提高能源效率的有效方法。现有的天线选择算法有些是局部优化,有些是单目标优化,为克服这些缺点,提出了基于博弈论的大规模MIMO天线选择算法。该算法通过系统容量和发射功率构造博弈的效用函数,每进行一次博弈都得到一组天线,在博弈达到均衡时,能源效率取得最大值。文中给出了纳什均衡存在性证明,也推导了纳什均衡点与能源效率之间的等价。仿真结果表明,采用博弈论算法能够克服局部优化,在保持信道容量较高的同时也提高了能源效率,可见该算法在能源效率上的提高有助于实现绿色通信。     

Global robust optimal sliding mode control for uncertain affine nonlinear systems

The problem of robustifying linear quadratic regulators (LQRs) for a class of uncertain affine nonlinear systems is considered. First, the exact linearization technique is used to transform an uncertain nonlinear system into a linear one and an optimal LQR is designed for the corresponding nominal system. Then, based on the integral sliding mode, a design approach to robustifying the optimal regulator is studied. As a result, the system exhibits global robustness to uncertainties and the ideal sliding mode dynamics is the same as that of the optimal LQR for the nominal system. A global robust optimal sliding mode control (GROSMC) is realized. Finally, a numerical simulation is demonstrated to show the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed algorithm compared with the conventional optimal LQR.     

Hybrid pilots assisted channel estimation algorithm for MIMO-OFDM systems

Abstract: A hybrid pilots assisted channel estimation algorithm for multiple input multiple output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems under low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and arbitrary Doppler spread scenarios is proposed. Motivated by the dissatisfactory performance of the optimal pilots (OPs) designed under static channels over multiple OFDM symbols imposed by fast fading channels, the proposed scheme first assumes that the virtual pilot tones superimposed at data locations over specific subcarriers are transmitted from all antennas, then the virtual received pilot signals at the corresponding locations can be obtained by making full use of the time and frequency domain correlations of the frequency responses of the time varying dispersive fading channels and the received signals at pilot subcarriers, finally the channel parameters are derived from the combination of the real and virtual received pilot signals over one OFDM symbol based on least square (LS) criterion. Simulation results illustrate that the proposed method is insensitive to Doppler spread and can effectively ameliorate the mean square error (MSE) floor inherent to the previous method, meanwhile its performance outmatches that of OPs at low SNR region under static channels.     

磁流变半主动悬架加速度驱动阻尼控制策略仿真分析

加速度驱动阻尼(Acceleration Driven Damper, ADD)控制策略原理简单、易于工程化应用,但其阻尼系数的选择对控制效果有重要的影响。基于理想ADD控制悬架系统模型,分析不同阻尼系数对悬架响应的影响;建立悬架系统综合性能目标函数,仿真得到理想ADD控制策略最优阻尼系数。基于磁流变半主动悬架系统仿真模型,进行ADD控制策略阶跃和随机路面激励仿真。仿真结果表明,在随机激励下,车身加速度可以降低11.83%,但会恶化轮胎动载荷及悬架动挠度指标,使得轮胎动载荷和悬架动挠度分别增加7.98%和15.45%;与被动悬架系统相比,ADD控制磁流变半主动悬架对较高频激振下的车身加速度有较好的抑制作用;同时,ADD控制算法在车身加速度过零时,阻尼力高频切换会引起颤振现象。     

分子动力学模拟研究Cu60 Zr40非晶中的二十面体结构

采用分子动力学模拟技术,研究不同温度下金属合金非晶Cu60Zr40的结构.计算二十面体个数变化,采用径向分布函数和键对分析法,探讨了非晶结构的变化.结果表明由于快速降温,形成的非晶存在缺陷,随着时间的延伸、温度的降低,缺陷二十面体向更稳定的完整二十面体转化,非晶的稳定性提高了.     

北海市污水排海管海底敷设浅谈

在北海市红坎污水处理厂海洋放流管工程中，考虑到基本的水文、地形条件和排放口的合理布局及污水处理程度等因素，在确保北海近岸各水域功能的水质指标保持在一定范围内的基础上， 管长由原设计的９１２。８ｍ缩短为７５５ｍ，扩散器也由原来的４７根竖管改为３８根，管径由２ ２００ｍｍ缩小为１ ８００ｍｍ，管壁厚度由２２ｍｍ缩小为１６ｍｍ。施工方案从顶管法改为整体吊装沉管法。     

火电厂输煤系统模糊统计方法的研究

为解决目前国内已有的燃煤计量系统普遍存在着计量模型粗糙、系统通用性不强、计量精确度不高的缺陷的问题，以萧山发电厂输煤程控工程为背景，构建出了一套完整的计量系统。本系统充分利用现有的设备，特别是现有的电子皮带秤计量装置，采用先进的计算机控制技术，自动采集电子皮带秤的计量脉冲，再结合加仓过程中相关设备的状态，进行合理的判断、处理，以此来实现燃煤分炉过程的准确计量。为提高系统计量的精确度，将模糊理论运用于燃煤计量算法。利用模糊数学的隶属度概念，可以更好地描述输煤的实际过程，尤其是在状态发生切换时刻的燃煤分配过程。仿真计算证明这一方法是有效而且可行的。     

Review of the fatigue behavior of hard coating–ductile substrate systems

With the wide application of coating materials in aerospace and other fields, their safety under fatigue conditions in service is important.However, research on the fatigue properties of ceramic hard coatings started late, and a unified standard is yet to be established to evaluate the fatigue life of hard coating–ductile substrate systems.Studies also present different opinions on whether coatings can improve or reduce the fatigue life of substrates.In this paper, the influence of the properties of ceramic coatings on fatigue performance is reviewed, and the effects of coating on the mechanism of fatigue crack initiation in substrates are discussed, aiming to help readers understand the fatigue behavior of hard coating–ductile substrate systems.     

浅析电子商务应用供应商评价指标体系

文章研究了中小企业在信息技术飞速发展,经济全球化的大背景下,如何进行以电子商务为代表的新经济市场运作模式,并在此基础上提出中小企业选择ASP合作方的评价指标体系.