浅论网络洗钱的主要方式

网络洗钱是指犯罪者借助网络银行或其他网络金融机构提供的远程金融服务、电子付款系统、储值卡式电子货币将非法行为所获得的收益进行合法化的活动过程。传统洗钱具有自身的局限性。网络洗钱的主要方式包括：走私货币;利用银行等金融机构洗钱;利用非金融机构洗钱;通过网络赌博洗钱。应当加强对网络洗钱犯罪的打击与防控,有效遏制网络洗钱犯罪的发生。     

基础教育课程改革背景下的公民教育课程探微——公民教育社区服务活动课程概述

在基础教育课程改革背景下,学校公民教育课程化成为公民教育理论和实践界的焦点。本文初步阐述了适合于我国基础教育改革背景的公民教育课程之一——公民教育社区服务活动课程——的性质,特点,内容和实施等问题。     

基于嵌入式系统的听觉与时间知觉测试仪

依据实验心理学对听觉测试与时间知觉测试的要求,设计开发了一种以嵌入式微控制器LPC2214为硬件核心,以实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ为软件开发平台的"听觉与时间知觉测试仪".在此基础上,实现了测试仪的硬件电路和软件程序,并完成了仪器的原理样机调试.     

Effect of Mn cluster on the formation of superoxide radicals in photoinhibition of photosystem Ⅱ

To further realize the action of superoxide radicals (O₂^{− .}) in photoinhibition of photosystem Ⅱ (PSⅡ), we employed 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO) as a spin trap, associated with EPR spectroscopy, to study the effect of illumination time on O₂^{− .} formation during high light photoinhibition in PSⅡ membranes and Mn-depleted PSⅡ membranes. Results indicated that the removal of Mn cluster from PS
membranes has a strong influence on the dynamics of superoxide formation. The relative mechanism was also discussed. These novel findings may further promote the studies of the structure and function of PSⅡ and the mechanism of photoinhibition.     

Pedogenesis affecting the Matuyama-Brunhes polarity transition recorded in Chinese loess?

A detailed record of the Matuyama-Brunhes (M-B) transition has been obtained from the loess unit 8 (L8) at Duanjiapo (34.2°N, 109.2°E),Shannxi Province of China. An investigation of the rock magnetic properties using hysteresis loops, thermomagnetic analyses identifies pseudo- single domain magnetite as the main carrier of the remanence, with a small contribution from maghemite and hematite. The paleo-direction records obtained reveal: (ⅰ) The M-B transition was recorded in the middle and lower part of L8, and comprises of five fast reversals. (ⅱ) The duration of the M-B polarity transition related to the directional change is about 4800 a. (ⅲ) The virtual geomagnetic pole (VGP) path during the transition is confined over Africa, peaked 90° away from the sampling site, in contrast with the results obtained from the Weinan loess section. The different VGPs are probably attributed to the pedogenesis.     

Subcellular localization of the stripe disease-specific protein encoded by rice stripe virus (RSV) in its vector, the small brown planthopper,Laodelphax striatellus

The stripe disease-specific protein (SP) encoded by the rice stripe virus (RSV) was successfully used as a localization signal of the virus in its vector, the small brown lanthopper,Laodelphax striatellus Fallen. Immunogold particles in large numbers were detected in various parts of the viruliferous females: the ovum, surface of chorion, the midgut lumen, and the columnar cells. Whereas there was none of these particles in the non-viruliferous females and males, and testis of viruliferous males. Endosymbionts (mycetocytes) were abundant, harboring ovaries of both viruliferous and non-viruliferous females, but none in the testis of males. The results provided us with the direct proof that RSV is a ciruculative and propagative plant virus and it was transovarially transmitted alongside with endosymbionts of its vector. Therefore, we deem it a nice lead for future studies on the mechanism of RSV transmission and functioning of its viral proteins.     

Excitation energy distribution between two photosystems inPorphyra yezoensis and its significance in photosynthesis evolution

Comparative investigation on energy distribution between two photosystems were carried out in the sporo- phytes and gametophytes of Porphyra yezoensis. By perfor- ming 77 K fluorescence spectra, we suggested that there probably existed a pathway for energy transfer from PSⅡ to PSⅠ to redistribute the absorbed energy in gametophytes, while no such a way or at minor level in sporophytes. Electron transfer inhibitor DCMU blocked the energy transfer from PSⅡ to PSⅠ in gametophytes, but no obvious effects on sporophytes. These indicated that excitation energy distribution between two photosystems in gametophytes was more cooperative than that in sporophytes. These data in ontogenesis reflected the evolution process of photosynthetic organisms and supported the hypothesis of independent evolution of each photosystem.     

Atomic model of liquid pure Fe

Using a θ-θ X-ray diffractometer, the liquid structure of pure Fe was investigated and the diffraction intensity, structure factor, pair distribution function as well as the coordination number and atomic distance were obtained. The experimental results showed that there was also a pre-peak on the curve of the structure factor of liquid pure Fe. The pre-peak is a mark of medium-range order in melts. According to the characteristics of pre-peak, an atomic model of liquid pure Fe is constructed, namely, the structure of liquid pure Fe is a combination of clusters consisting of bcc cells with shared vertexes and other atoms with random dense atom distribution.     

The valence electron structure and properties analysis of TiC

The valence electron structure of TiC was calculated by using the empirical electron theory of solids and molecules. The calculated results show that with the increase of temperature the number of common electrons of TiC increases which indicates that TiC has a good thermal stability; and there exists a close relationship between hardness and brittleness of TiC. According to the number of lattice electrons, the differences among the crystals with different structures can be explained qualitatively. Using the “bond-strengthening factor”, the differences of hardness among the crystals with different structures can also be qualitatively explained to some extent.     

用改进的多区模型计算柴油机中的燃烧和排放

在广安博之直喷式柴油机多区燃烧模型的基础上,改进了燃油雾滴的运动和蒸发模型,以及碳烟的生成与氧化模型,增加了缸内挤流和涡流模型、油滴碰壁和反弹模型,计算结果表明,改进后的油束运动模型比原模型更加合理,较好地解决了空气卷吸问题,在不同转速和负菏工况下均能获得令人满意的精度,能够反映缸内与各区内的燃烧与排放物生成情况,用改进的多区模型可以较好地研究直喷式柴油机的工作过程及其排放。